A study presented at the Mexican Congress of Cardiology found that pacemakers can be safely reused after sterilisation, potentially increasing access to life-saving treatment for those who cannot afford it. The procedure involves washing and sterilizing donated devices, which were used in patients with a minimum battery life of six years.
Researchers discovered that a blood-clotting protein, fibrinogen, stops adult stem cells from producing myelin, preventing brain cell repair. The study's findings may lead to new treatments for diseases such as MS and other conditions affecting the nervous system.
A new computer program has been developed to help doctors detect acute kidney injury earlier, reducing its severity and improving survival rates. The program, which was tested in over half a million patients, showed a significant reduction in hospital mortality, length of stay, and dialysis rates.
A $400,000 grant from the US Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Sciences will support Dr. Gary Hastings' research on efficient solar energy conversion in photosynthesis. The goal is to design more efficient artificial solar cells by understanding how plants capture solar energy.
Researchers have discovered a long-distance brain circuit that controls the production of new neurons in the hippocampus, a critical area for learning and memory. The circuit, involving the medial septum and PV interneurons, regulates stem cell activity and maintains healthy neurogenesis.
A team of WSU researchers has observed and recorded the creation of hexagonal diamond in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite under shock compression. The discovery reveals crucial details about how hexagonal diamond is formed, potentially helping planetary scientists estimate impact severity at meteorite craters.
A five-year, $2.6 million grant will fund the Pregnant and Mothers Postpartum Enhanced Recovery-Oriented Residential Services (PAMPERRS) program at Santa Maria Hostel in Houston. The program aims to treat underlying mental health conditions in high-risk pregnant and postpartum women seeking recovery services.
A new study by University of Michigan researchers links childhood spankings to depression, substance abuse and suicidal tendencies in adulthood. The study suggests that spanking should be considered an adverse childhood experience, similar to physical and emotional abuse.
Researchers from Washington University in St. Louis and University of Rochester use quantum mechanics to measure frequency with unprecedented accuracy, reducing uncertainty by a factor of 100. This breakthrough has potential applications in various fields, including MRI medical imaging, navigation, and astronomy.
A UC-led genomic study suggests that humans gathered wild grapes for centuries before cultivating them as a crop. The research found evidence of human consumption of grapes dating back approximately 22,000 years, prior to the traditional domestication period of around 7,000-10,000 years ago.
Regular exercise can reduce fatigue and pain, and improve cardiovascular health and quality of life in women with advanced breast cancer. The study found that women who exercised had a 12.3% increase in VO2max compared to the control group, indicating improved oxygen transportation and heart function.
Researchers from the University of Freiburg have developed a method to trap ions in optical traps, preventing driven motion and allowing for longer lifetimes. This breakthrough enables the creation of ultra-cold temperatures and observation of quantum effects in chemical processes.
Gun violence in US cities like Washington D.C. shows an endemic pattern, with clustering in certain neighborhoods rather than spreading rapidly. Researchers recommend place-based interventions targeting neighborhood features to reduce crime rates.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have discovered a promising target for precision medicines to block the Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway, which drives cell proliferation in medulloblastoma. Inhibiting this pathway using an investigational drug INK128 significantly extended the lives of mice with the tumor.
Researchers found that Noir Marron communities in French Guiana and Suriname have remarkably preserved their African genetic heritage, unlike African-descendants from Brazil and Colombia. The study sheds new light on the history of enslaved Africans in greater detail.
Scientists have discovered that foraminifer shells are originally formed as metastable carbonate vaterite and later transform into calcite. This finding resolves discrepancies between natural shell observations and laboratory experiments, with significant implications for climate archives.
A recent study found that foreign direct investments reduce the negative impact of recessions on Russian companies. The research analyzed over 1,000 public companies and discovered that linkages with foreign partners alleviate the effects of economic downturns.
Scientists at Harvard have created a new tool to study novel aspects of light, enabling more complex operations and applications. The metasurface connects two aspects of light, allowing for the creation of any structured beam, including spirals, corkscrews, and vortices.
A team of CSIC scientists has designed new molecules capable of destroying resistance to conventional antibiotics in bacteria. By targeting the cellular mechanisms that lead to antibiotic resistance, these molecules can break down the proteins responsible for making bacteria resistant to multiple drugs.
The Agreement on Enhancing International Arctic Scientific Cooperation aims to improve movement of researchers and equipment, share data and metadata, and transfer traditional knowledge across territories. Effective implementation will balance national interests with common goals for the benefit of all stakeholders in the region.
Researchers found bees display unique biases in left- and right-handedness when flying through obstacles, impacting flight efficiency. This discovery could lead to strategies for steering drone aircraft fleets, optimizing safe and collision-free routes.
Researchers employed MultiMAP technology to monitor nerve cells' activity in zebrafish brains, linking each neuron to its specific cell type. This method revealed distinct neuronal circuits not previously suspected to be associated with alertness, shedding light on the forces driving this essential brain state.
A new study reveals that a population of progenitor cells, marked by high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9, provides osteoblasts during bone regeneration. These cells are derived from embryonic somites and reserved in niches of bone-forming tissues in adult animals.
Caries-causing bacteria survive in dental plaque thanks to EPS' calcium integration, which neutralizes toxins and strengthens the biofilm. This process inhibits enamel remineralization, contributing to caries development.
A team of SUTD researchers identified over 1800 proteins in young reticulocytes, revealing key changes in protein composition during maturation. These findings provide insights into the transition from a multi-lobular to biconcave shape and increased deformability.
Researchers found that lichen samples from Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod had higher free radical concentrations than those from cleaner towns. The study suggests using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy to monitor air quality in cities without traditional stations.
Scientists have identified a new species of orangutan, the Tapanuli orangutan, with only around 800 individuals remaining due to habitat loss and hunting. The discovery highlights the urgent need for conservation efforts to protect this critically endangered species.
Penn State electrical engineers create microchip-based sensors for multiple applications, including motion, temperature, pressure and biochemical sensing, using innovative on-chip glass microspherical shell whispering gallery mode resonators.
Researchers found that combining targeted drugs with hormone therapy results in a significant increase in the risk of severe or life-threatening adverse events. Most of these side effects are treatable and potentially preventable.
A new study suggests that the benefits of heart stents for stable angina may be due to the placebo effect. The ORBITA trial found no significant improvement in patient symptoms or quality of life after receiving a stent compared to a simulated procedure.
Researchers discover iridium, a densest metal, kills cancer cells by filling them with deadly oxygen, without harming healthy tissue. The treatment uses laser light to activate the compound, targeting key proteins in cancer cells.
The USDA has invested $3 million in three colleges serving Alaska Natives and Native Hawaiians to prepare students for careers in food, agriculture, and natural resources. The University of Hawaii and the University of Alaska Fairbanks will develop pathways to recruit underrepresented students into their programs.
A recent study reveals that urbanization is driving evolutionary changes in various species, including mosquitoes, bedbugs, and rats, with potential consequences for human health. The researchers argue that cities are becoming a novel ecosystem, influencing the evolution of species that may, in turn, affect our lives.
Researchers have created a simple, fast and sensitive test system to determine the toxicity of carbon nanomaterials. The system uses a unique enzymatic system called Enzymolum, which reacts differently to various additives.
A study by the University of Connecticut found that men who tan use tanning beds more frequently than women but engage in riskier behaviors, such as smoking and binge drinking. Men who tan also exhibit addictive behavior towards tanning, with 49% of users reporting difficulty quitting.
Patients with higher diversity of bacteria in their digestive tract had longer median progression-free survival. A favorable microbiome also was associated with increased antigen processing and presentation by the immune system at the tumor site.
A study by Chloe Berryman found that social media use among young adults is more closely linked to mental health problems than the amount of time spent using it. However, vaguebooking – writing cryptic posts to solicit attention – was a worrying trend that showed a correlation with loneliness and suicidal thoughts.
A recent study published in Cell Stem Cell has discovered a mechanism to prevent genetic chaos caused by transposons in early human development. The research found that endosiRNAs, a type of small interfering RNA, play a crucial role in regulating transposon activity during epigenetic reprogramming.
The study found that exercise time improved by 28.4 seconds in PCI-treated patients, but not significantly in sham-PCI treated patients. SCAI questions the reliability of the findings due to the small number of patients and subjective endpoint used.
Penn researchers have developed a method to mimic the solar transformation process of giant clams to improve the production of biofuel. By controlling the size and optical properties of nanoparticles, they can efficiently convert sunlight into energy, mimicking the iridocytes found in giant clam shells.
A review of over five dozen studies reveals that excessive screen time in youths aged 5-17 is associated with delayed bedtimes, fewer hours of sleep and poorer sleep quality. Biological, neurological and environmental factors contribute to the negative impact of digital media on sleep patterns.
Scientists have found evidence that komatiites, three-billion-year-old volcanic rocks found within the Earth's mantle, had a different composition than modern ones. This discovery may provide new information about the first one billion years of Earth's development and early origins of life.
A study from Washington University School of Medicine found that a defective gene linked to autism influences how neurons connect and communicate in the brain. Mice lacking this gene formed more connections, leading to difficulties in learning and social interactions.
Researchers at the University of Guelph have discovered the type of stem cell responsible for a gecko's ability to regrow its tail. The study found that the gecko's spinal cord contains radial glia stem cells, which proliferate and form new tissue after injury.
A new study by UC Santa Cruz and University of Cantabria, Spain, has identified hotspots of coastal risks in Latin America and the Caribbean. The Comparative Coastal Risk Index reveals over 500,000 people living in high-risk areas where coastal hazards and poverty converge.
Researchers have discovered the first confirmed human case of 2,3-dioxygenase deficiency, a rare metabolic disorder characterized by excessive serotonin levels. The study, led by Aimin Liu at UTSA, uses advanced instrumentation techniques to document the patient's conditions.
A recent study by Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience researchers found that neighboring dendritic spines within a few micrometers of each other share similar functional properties, regardless of the diversity of sensory features they encode. This discovery suggests that local order in dendritic spine functional properties ma...
Researchers found that different conditions leading to reduced gastric acid secretion alter the stomach's microbial community, influencing tumor risk. The study suggests that manipulating these bacterial communities may lead to new ways to prevent cancer.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory developed a method to quickly collect building structure datasets from satellite images, supporting emergency response efforts after hurricanes. They also used neutrons to discover the molecular mechanism responsible for flow in a hydrogen-bonding liquid and studied a semiconducting material...
A large Danish study found that whole grains reduce inflammation in the body and lead to weight loss in overweight adults. The study suggests that choosing whole grains over refined grains can have numerous health benefits, particularly for individuals at risk of cardiovascular disease or type 2 diabetes.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered a novel gene cluster in Mycobacterium dioxanotrophicus PH-06 that expresses an enzyme capable of initiating dioxane biodegradation. This finding could lead to the development of a cost-effective tool for treating contaminated groundwater sites.
Researchers at the University of Georgia sequenced the genome of garden asparagus, shedding light on sex chromosome evolution and aiding breeding efforts. They identified genetic markers that allow breeders to efficiently distinguish male and female plants, paving the way for more efficient development and production of valuable hybrid...
New data reveals 52 million children globally affected by viral hepatitis, highlighting the need for treatment and prevention. Despite declining hepatitis B infections among children, cases of hepatitis C are expected to continue growing due to lack of programs for pregnant women living with the virus.
A portable holographic field microscope can rapidly identify diseased cells, including those infected with malaria. The device uses digital camera sensor technology and advanced algorithms to provide quick and accurate diagnosis, reducing the time and cost associated with traditional laboratory testing.
The DAPT STEMI trial found that six months of dual antiplatelet therapy was non-inferior to twelve months in STEMI patients receiving drug-eluting stents, questioning the need for extended duration DAPT. The study's results suggest that STEMI patients may not benefit from prolonged DAPT therapy beyond six months.
Researchers from CHOP and Penn Nursing found that mindfulness can be a helpful tool for mothers to pause and be present in the moment, reducing stress and improving focus. The study suggests that mindfulness should start early, preferably immediately after the prenatal CHD diagnosis, and can be more accessible than traditional meditation.
A study published in the Journal of Neuroscience suggests that low oxygen levels, not limited blood flow, cause preterm brain cells to fail normal development. This finding opens up opportunities to restore oxygen loss and potentially reduce life-long impacts of preterm brain injury.
Preclinical studies demonstrate onalespib's effectiveness in inhibiting HSP90, reducing cell-survival proteins and tumor growth. The agent shows promise as a single treatment or in combination with temozolomide for glioblastoma patients.
Researchers at UC Davis developed a simplified method to produce extremely low-density palladium nanofoams, which have potential applications in hydrogen fuel cells. The new technique achieves high loading capacity and excellent thermodynamic stability, making it an ideal candidate for industrial-scale use.
Researchers developed a new three-step system targeting and eliminating colorectal cancer using nuclear medicine. The treatment achieved a 100-percent cure rate in mouse models without toxic effects.