A recent evidence review found that collision sports, such as youth rugby, carry high rates of injury, including concussions. Experts argue that banning tackle and scrum in school rugby could significantly reduce these risks. In contrast, other strategies like wearing protective equipment have weak evidence supporting their effectiveness.
Researchers found that katabatic winds in Antarctica cause sublimation of snowflakes, reducing precipitation and affecting the ice sheet's mass balance. This phenomenon could be worsened by climate change.
A new fatigue cost calculator reveals that US employers can lose up to $1.4 million annually due to employee sleep deficiency. The calculator estimates costs for absenteeism, productivity loss, healthcare expenses, accidents, and other occupational costs associated with exhausted employees.
Researchers at Tokyo Tech create a method to produce monodispersed zero-valent platinum clusters with precise atomicity using platinum thiolate complexes. This breakthrough enables the synthesis of high-performance catalysts for next-generation energy grids.
Researchers have identified networks of genes related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that may also be involved in cancer, potentially leading to new treatment options. The study used a computational technique to account for gene interactions, revealing genes that could affect similar pathways.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered a four-component alloy with tunable optical properties, which could lead to more efficient solar cells and light-emitting diodes. The alloy's optical bandgap can be altered by changing the growth temperature, making it a promising material for various applications.
Tropical Depression 22W formed in the South China Sea on Sept 23 and moved across Hainan into northern Vietnam before making landfall. The depression was short-lived, existing for only two days before dissipating over the next day or two.
A new study found that 80% of activity tracker users stuck with the device for at least six months. The populations that could benefit most may not be using these technologies. Gamification and financial incentives were key to sustained use, but more effort is needed to engage low-income individuals.
Researchers have developed an alginate hydrogel that can deliver angiogenic growth factors like VEGF and IGF to promote vascularization in ischemic tissues. The system increases blood flow and perfusion, improving muscle strength and tissue regeneration, with promising results in both young mice and aged rabbits.
The study investigates stevia's antiobesity, antihyperglycemic, antihypertensive, and antihyperlipidemic effects. Stevia extracts derived from the plant's leaves, flowers, and roots may provide natural alternatives for treating metabolic syndrome-related disorders.
Researchers at UC are studying tick populations to develop strategies for preventing tick-borne illnesses like Lyme disease. The study focuses on the distribution of four species in southwest Ohio, their ability to withstand winters, and the diseases they carry.
Researchers at Osaka University have developed a single-walled carbon nanotube device that can detect below-threshold signals through the use of stochastic resonance. The device's self-noise component is generated by molecular adsorption on graphite materials, increasing its signal detection ability.
Researchers create a superhydrophilic filter that can remove greater than 90% of hydrocarbons and all bacteria from contaminated water produced by hydraulic fracturing operations. The filter significantly cuts the amount of water that needs to be stored or transported, making it ideal for reusing in fracking operations.
The University of Washington is home to a new national center for research, education, and training in materials science. The center will focus on nanocrystals and thin films with potential applications in clean energy, photonics, and quantum computing.
A study published in JNeurosci found that sleep-deprived rats exhibited rapid transitions between wake- and sleep-like states, disrupting neural activity. The researchers suggest that one function of sleep is to reset the activity of neural networks for optimal information processing while awake.
A phase III trial has confirmed the effectiveness of pelvic radiation as a standard treatment for high-risk stage I-II endometrial cancer. The study found that adjuvant pelvic radiation provided better pelvic control and fewer severe side effects compared to a brachytherapy-chemotherapy combination.
A study found that Mexican-Americans living in the US have more risk factors for liver cancer, including obesity and diabetes, compared to those in Mexico. The study's lead author notes that having multiple risk factors increases the likelihood of developing liver cancer.
Scientists discovered that antibodies taken from dengue patients are effective in treating zika infection in rodents and even protect unborn pups. The discovery could lead to a single therapy to protect against both viral threats if replicated in humans.
Researchers developed an electronic triage tool to improve patient care in emergency departments, identifying critically ill patients and assigning priority treatment levels. The tool showed equal or improved identification of patient outcomes compared to the existing emergency severity index (ESI) based on a multi-site retrospective s...
Researchers used a novel method to map protein interactions between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, shedding light on their crucial roles in cellular signaling and exchange. Faulty connections have been linked to several neurodegenerative diseases.
A study by NYU Langone Health found that a higher-dose, shorter form of radiation is safe and effective for breast cancer patients under 50, with no increased risk of late side effects. The new technique also yields good to excellent long-term cosmetic results in 92% of patients.
Researchers removed frog embryos' brains and found muscles & nerves developed abnormally without brain; they successfully rescued defects with human-approved drugs. The study reveals the brain's role in early development and could lead to better ways to address birth defects.
Researchers found that mechanical tension plays a crucial role in the regeneration of zebrafish hearts, with supersized cells leading the way and smaller cells multiplying to cover the surface. The study's findings open up new possibilities for developing bioengineering approaches to human heart disease.
Researchers found that species adjusted to new environments, with some thriving and others struggling, but also discovered vulnerabilities to climate change and fishing pressure. The study highlights the need for further research to safeguard these complex ecosystems and their role in supporting marine life.
A synthetic DNA-targeting molecule called PIP-S2 has been developed to guide human induced pluripotent stem cells into specific cell types. This breakthrough overcomes challenges in current approaches and offers a promising strategy for tissue regeneration.
A newly discovered dwarf galaxy in the constellation Lynx has extremely low oxygen levels, likely resembling early nascent galaxies. The finding suggests that these tiny star-forming galaxies can offer valuable insights into how the first galaxies formed 13 billion years ago.
A new study by Allina Health found that using a combination of education and a tracking tool improves communication about gestational weight gain during prenatal care. Patients at intervention clinics were more likely to remember provider advice on weight gain and report a target weight within guidelines.
A recent study suggests that large brain size is an adaptation for handling frequent environmental change, allowing birds to colonize seasonal habitats. Contrary to the cognitive buffer hypothesis, the study found no evidence that big brains evolved exclusively in variable environments.
Researchers successfully restored consciousness in a 35-year-old man who had been in a vegetative state for 15 years after implanting a vagus nerve stimulator. The study reveals major changes in brain activity and connectivity, suggesting that right intervention can yield changes in consciousness even in severe clinical cases.
A study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that hospital mortality rates after heart attack vary by age, with older and younger patient groups showing different outcomes. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services currently only considers data for patients aged 65 or older when calculating hospital quality ratings.
A new study reveals that minority public managers emphasize integrating traditional values like efficiency and effectiveness with social equity, offering a unique perspective on public administration. Researchers found that these managers recognize the interconnectedness of these values, acknowledging potential conflicts between them.
Researchers at Dartmouth College developed a technique to produce synthetic steroids, paving the way for new drug discoveries. The process reduces time and expense to develop therapeutics from rare, mirror-image isomers of naturally occurring steroid structures.
A study published in the Journal of Sports Sciences found that experienced male cyclists performed better when they didn't have to pace their efforts. The researchers used open-ended Time-To-Exhaustion trials and compared them with race-like Time-Trials, discovering that pacing restrictions hindered performance.
A team of researchers from the Data Science Institute at Columbia are developing tools to flag aggressive social media posts from gangs and ISIS, aiming to prevent violent escalation. They will use natural language processing and machine learning techniques to analyze millions of tweets from gang members in Chicago and ISIS recruits.
New research reveals up to 40% of children with hearing loss have capacity for higher language levels, challenging current assessment methods. Therapists can recognize mismatches at young ages and intervene to bring children up to their ability.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia have identified common gene variants that raise the risk of developing neuroblastoma, a childhood cancer. The study found that these variants are associated with deletions on chromosome 11q, which can be used to improve diagnostic capabilities.
Mayo Clinic researchers found that reducing radiation therapy intensity by 50% resulted in fewer side effects without compromising survival or cure rates. The study followed 80 patients with HPV-related throat cancer and reported a 95% tumor control rate at two years, with only one regional recurrence.
A new study found that approximately one-quarter of surveyed cancer patients used marijuana in the past year, mostly for physical and psychological symptoms. The study also revealed that legalization increased the likelihood for use among patients.
Experts from United European Gastroenterology call on European governments to develop early detection techniques for digestive cancers, including faecal microbiota screening and gastric cancer screening. The aim is to improve outcomes and save thousands of European lives.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed a method for fabricating semitransparent and flexible solar cells using transition metal dichalcogenides. The new technology improves power conversion efficiency up to 0.7%, making it the highest value reported with few-layered materials.
A Mayo Clinic study found that Liraglutide slowed stomach emptying and led to significant weight loss in treated patients. The degree of stomach emptying delay was associated with the degree of weight loss, suggesting a potential biomarker for individualizing obesity treatment.
A team of scientists has developed a modelling system to predict the spread of devastating wheat rust disease, identifying Yemen as a potential hub for long-distance dispersal to India and Pakistan. The research highlights the risk of global economic loss from wheat stem rust, currently estimated at $1 billion annually.
A recent study conducted at Lund University has found that brain damage can occur in fish due to exposure to plastic nanoparticles. The research shows that these tiny particles can accumulate in the brains of fish and cause behavioural disorders, including slower eating rates and reduced exploration.
Scientists at ETH Zurich and Roche have developed a new diagnostic method using light diffraction on molecules, allowing for quick and easy disease detection in doctors' offices. The technique uses molecular recognition and focused laser light to identify specific protein interactions.
The largest study to date finds a significant difference in autism recurrence risk based on sibling gender. Boys are more susceptible to autism, especially when an older female sibling has the condition. Meanwhile, female siblings with older brothers have lower risks.
A new study shows an antibody that prevents dengue disease also protects mice from Zika. Administering the antibody soon after infection can protect fetuses from Zika-related birth defects.
Researchers from FAU have successfully controlled electronic current in graphene using a single laser pulse within a femtosecond, generating a current that is more than a thousand times faster than the most efficient transistors today. The method uses light waves to regulate electron movement and generate electricity.
Tropical Storm Pilar formed off Mexico's coast on September 23 and continued to make landfall as a tropical depression. NASA's satellite imagery captured the storm's strong thunderstorms and cloud top temperatures, indicating potential for heavy rainfall and flooding in affected areas.
Researchers discovered that auxin signaling defines the expression of genes WOX1 and PRS, which enable leaf blade expansion and flattening. This finding refines our understanding of auxin signaling in leaf development.
A study found that cancer clinical trials lack appropriate representation of ethnic minorities and the elderly, resulting in findings that may not be generalizable to all patients. The study analyzed enrollment data from 2003 to 2016 and showed a decline in African-American and Hispanic representation over time.
Researchers used satellite data to track groundwater levels in Silicon Valley, discovering the aquifer rebounded quickly after a severe drought due to aggressive conservation measures. The study lays groundwork for low-cost monitoring of subterranean water reserves globally.
A new study suggests that diet may be a crucial factor in the development of liver injuries in mice bred to consume high amounts of alcohol. The research found that mice on a diet of alcohol and water consumed less alcohol than those on an artificial sugar diet, resulting in greater liver injury.
The Suomi NPP satellite analyzed Hurricane Maria in visible and infrared light, revealing intense rainfall bands with rates of over 6.57 inches per hour. The satellite's data helped forecasters predict storm track and strengthen, with Maria expected to become a tropical storm by Tuesday night.
Researchers studied nuclear obscuration in AGN using infrared and X-ray studies, revealing complex gas and dusty clouds orbiting the black hole. The material is connected to the galaxy via outflows and inflows of gas, regulating star formation.
The Columbia Engineering team will design a methodology to test various adaptation strategies and their ability to protect interdependent infrastructure. They will investigate physical, protective options such as sea-walls and elevating houses to reduce damage from storm-induced flooding.
Researchers at Nanyang Technological University developed a gel patch enriched with Angiopoietin-like 4, which speeds up wound healing while reducing scarring. The patch shows promise for treating hard-to-heal skin lesions in diabetic patients and post-surgical patients.
Researchers have discovered a novel molecular pathway that interacts with prion protein, triggering neuronal dysfunction and cognitive impairments in Parkinson's disease. The study provides new targets for therapeutic intervention.
Researchers have demonstrated a new type of computer that uses polaritons, a combination of light and matter, to solve complex problems. The system works by creating a potential landscape and forcing the polaritons to condense at its lowest point, enabling it to find optimal solutions.
Researchers found that indigenous groups intentionally used fire to manage plant-life in temperate rain forests, leaving trees alive and keeping the forest open. The study suggests that this practice has been ongoing for centuries, contradicting traditional views of these forests as 'pristine' and 'untouched'.
Researchers developed a mapping tool to help fire crews make crucial safety decisions with an eagle's eye view. The study used LiDAR technology to analyze terrain slope, ground surface roughness and vegetation density, revealing the impact on travel rates and escape route efficiency.