Students from a field course in Borneo successfully described a male spider species of the genus Opadometa sarawakensis, with striking orange, gray, black, and silver colors. They used smartphones paired with headlights to gather data and took advantage of an open-access workflow to compile their manuscript within a month.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers found that rear-facing car seats are effective in reducing injuries and fatalities in rear-impact collisions. The study's findings align with crash data, highlighting the importance of following recommended guidelines for car seat selection based on child height, weight, and age.
Historical Hawaiian-language newspapers have been digitized, revealing new information about the 1871 hurricane's impact on Hawaii. The translations uncovered a timeline of the storm's progression and descriptions of widespread destruction.
Researchers Arvind Kalidindi and Christopher A. Schuh developed a Monte Carlo-based simulation to determine the minimum free energy state of nanocrystalline alloys. They produced equilibrium phase diagrams for these alloys, shedding light on grain size changes with temperature.
Researchers found that tungsten oxide nanoparticles selectively target cancer cells while being harmless to healthy cells, opening up new therapeutic possibilities. The particles also exhibit strong antibacterial properties, making them a potential solution for wastewater purification.
Scientists at Scripps Research Institute discovered a new aspect of the flu virus and its interaction with antibodies in the lungs. They found that IgA antibodies can protect against infections through two different ways.
Research found that Australian offshore island emus were smaller versions of their mainland relatives and their body size correlated to the size of their inhabited islands. The study analyzed DNA and bone measurements of extinct small emus on King Island, Tasmania, and Kangaroo Island.
Scientists at NREL have discovered a method to enable the reversible chemistry of magnesium metal in noncorrosive carbonate-based electrolytes. The technology possesses potential advantages over lithium-ion batteries, including higher energy density, greater stability, and lower cost.
Researchers found that IgA1 antibodies can protect against flu viruses through two mechanisms: acquired immunity and innate immunity via sialic acids. This discovery could lead to more effective flu vaccines and treatments.
Researchers found that sulfur amino acid restriction can lead to enhanced lifespan, weight loss, and reduced oxidative stress in animals. While more research is needed in humans, the study suggests that a restricted diet may help protect against cardiovascular disease and cancer.
A recent study found no correlation between nematode species and their microbial profiles, contradicting previous findings in other organisms. The researchers discovered a diverse range of microbial associations with nematodes, including parasites and bacteria involved in nutrient cycling.
A new study reveals women are more accepting of debt used for essential purposes like bridging income gaps, whereas men tend to be less cautious when using debt for luxury items. This difference in attitudes towards debt may lead to improved financial stability and reduced domestic abuse.
Researchers have identified mifepristone, an FDA-approved drug for chemical abortion, as a promising candidate for treating vestibular schwannoma. The study found that treatment of the tumor cells with mifepristone reduced their proliferation rate by 80 percent.
Research at Finnish Museum of Natural History sheds light on great magma eruptions, revealing two contrasting sources: the upper mantle and a deep mantle plume. This study resolves long-standing controversies and presents an interesting new framework for future geological research.
A recent Ohio University study found that 67 percent of theater workers have experienced concussion-related symptoms and head impacts; 77 percent had more than three head impacts. Many respondents continued working despite experiencing symptoms, citing concerns about not wanting to be seen as 'not tough enough',
Researchers at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences have developed a statistical method to quantify important ocean measurements from satellite data. This breakthrough enables scientists to calculate concentrations of key particles in the water column, providing insights into ocean dynamics and biogeochemistry.
A University of Delaware researcher is studying a naturally occurring dietary supplement, nicotinamide riboside (NR), to boost nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels and potentially treat age-related cardiovascular dysfunction. The study aims to improve physiological function in humans by reversing age-related declines in NAD+.
A sudden loss of wealth was associated with an increased risk of death among US adults. The study found that losing 75% or more of total net worth over a two-year period left fewer resources for healthcare expenses and had long-lasting health consequences.
The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen) will receive $450,000 to fund a clinical trial for a newly developed ovarian cancer drug treatment, thanks to Colleen's Dream Foundation. The foundation has funded TGen in the past and has awarded over $1.2 million in grants to 27 institutions.
A new study from St. Michael's Hospital suggests that pasta can be part of a healthy diet due to its low glycemic index, which causes smaller increases in blood sugar levels. Researchers found that consuming pasta as part of a low-glycemic index diet resulted in small weight loss.
A researcher at the University of Pittsburgh is using ultrasound imaging to develop a more precise interface between exoskeletons and individual muscles in people with incomplete spinal cord injuries. This technology aims to provide more efficient rehabilitation tools, reducing the risk of falls during robot-assisted walking.
A bioinformatics professor and his colleague used GitHub as their writing platform to collaborate on a paper about deep learning in biology and medicine. The paper has been massively rewritten and revised by online collaborators, resulting in over 40 co-authors.
A new model estimates the economic toll of fisheries closures off the West Coast, predicting losses of $5.8 million to $8.9 million and 200 to 330 job losses. The study aims to help policymakers anticipate the effects of future closures and plan management decisions accordingly.
Artificial molecules mimicking DNA's surface features have been successfully synthesized, demonstrating the ability to inhibit activity of several DNA-binding enzymes. These findings pave the way for new medicines by inhibiting DNA-protein interactions.
Researchers analyzed the genome of a deadly, drug-resistant bacterial strain to identify molecular drivers of resistance. The study found four genes responsible for resistance to beta-lactams and other antibiotics.
Researchers have created a statistical analysis software called scImpute to handle RNA sequencing dropouts and improve the accuracy of measuring gene expression in individual cells. The tool uses information from similar cells to make educated guesses about gene abundance, providing more reliable results.
A collaboration between astrophysicists and ecologists is helping to monitor rare and endangered species using thermal infrared imagery captured by drones. The project aims to track, find, and monitor endangered animals easily and prevent poaching.
A new study from Ohio State University suggests that a comprehensive exercise and diet program in a group setting can help prostate cancer patients avoid weight gain and strength loss, reducing the risk of chronic health problems. The study found significant differences between men who participated in the program and those who did not.
Researchers discovered a parasite-derived protein, H-IPSE, with potent therapeutic effects on chemotherapy-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in mice. The study found that H-IPSE alters host cell transcription, suggesting a novel approach to treating bladder pain and injury.
Researchers used Subaru telescope in Hawaii and Isaac Newton telescope in Canary Islands to create 3D map of universe's first 16 billion years. The team found nearly 4000 early galaxies, many of which may have evolved into Milky Way-like galaxies. These discoveries provide crucial information about early phases of galaxy formation.
A new study by Karolinska Institutet reveals that enzyme FIH determines how muscles consume oxygen, with implications for elite athletes and potential new forms of metabolism-affecting drugs.
A University of Waterloo study found that census data can aid in decision-making for small businesses, helping them avoid costly mistakes. By combining public and proprietary data, researchers identified geographic hot spots and cold spots related to consumer spending habits.
Elsbeth Walker and her team will investigate how plants control iron levels, using sophisticated techniques to detect and test for iron signaling mechanisms. The research aims to understand how plants regulate iron uptake, with potential applications in breeding cereals that are rich in bioavailable iron.
Clara Santato received the 2018 MRS Communications Lecture award for her work on melanin research, which has led to advancements in energy storage/conversion, ion separation/water treatment, and bioelectronics. Her research aims to develop sustainable technologies using natural materials.
Researchers found that ionizing radiation softens extracellular matrix stiffness, reducing cancer growth and migration. This could lead to improved fractionated radiation therapy and targeted drug delivery.
Research reveals non-coding RNA in tumors may predict immunotherapy response and influence patients' outcomes. Specific repetitive elements were found to alter immune responses in colon and pancreatic cancers.
Researchers discovered mouse genes that enhance human T-cell power against liver cancer, offering new hope for patients. Engineered human T cells eradicated cancer without harming normal liver tissue.
Scientists from Spain have created a new technique using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate the properties of Iberian hams and whole loins. This non-invasive method allows for the prediction of quality characteristics such as fat content, moisture levels, color, and sensory attributes without destroying the meat products.
A recent study by Spanish researchers reveals the significant environmental cost of egg production in Spain, including greenhouse gas emissions and water contamination. The analysis shows that feed choice and layer replacement are key factors contributing to these impacts.
A new study from the University of Illinois has discovered that the Australian vine Glycine tomentella contains genetic resources that can substantially increase soybean yield. Yield increases of 3.5 to 7 bushels per acre have been recorded in soybean lines derived from crossing with Glycine tomentella.
NASA's Aqua satellite captured an infrared image of Tropical Cyclone Iris, revealing powerful thunderstorms with cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit. The storm has the capability to produce heavy rainfall and is currently moving southeast towards the Queensland coast.
A study reveals that neutron star magnetic hot spots can survive for millions of years despite the overall magnetic field decay. The simulations show strong electric currents producing heat, explaining the strange behavior of magnetars like SGR 0418+5729.
Researchers found that three-month-old infants can learn same and different relations in just six trials, with better performance when presented with fewer examples but more comparison opportunities. This finding suggests that humans' talent for relational learning is present from infancy and may even be a precursor to language learning.
A study by Oregon State University found that over 60% of veterinary care professionals do not counsel clients on the environmental stewardship aspect of medicine disposal. Pet supplies and over-the-counter pet medications are a significant industry, with potentially harmful effects on the environment when disposed of improperly.
Researchers discover that warmer temperatures turn non-native milkweed species into a poisonous trap for monarch butterflies. This study highlights the impact of climate change on species interactions and the delicate balance between monarchs and their food source.
Researchers have discovered a rare form of the Golgi apparatus in the microbial amoeba Naegleria gruberi, which was previously thought to lack it. This finding provides new insights into the relationship between Golgi dysfunction and genetic diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
A team of astronomers found 72 very bright but quick events in a recent survey, which they believe could be related to supernovae. The transients appear hot and large, expanding and cooling as they evolve, sparking debate about their origin.
Researchers found that gut microbiome manipulation can significantly boost efficacy of adoptive T cell therapy in mice with cancer. Fecal transplants and antibiotic use increased anti-tumor response and remission rates, highlighting a crucial role for the gut microbiota in cancer treatment.
Researchers have discovered a new function of the APC protein, which puts the brakes on colon cancer activators. This finding may lead to identification of additional drug targets and improved therapeutic strategies for colon cancer patients.
Researchers found that cell shapes play a key role in jamming and unjamming, driving biological events like embryonic development and wound healing. This insight could lead to potential treatments for conditions like asthma and cancer.
Christa Fluehmann and colleagues demonstrate a way to measure position and momentum with minimal disturbance, enabling precise measurements in a limited range. This relaxation of the uncertainty principle has fundamental implications for quantum mechanics and opens up possibilities for practical applications like quantum computing.
Researchers isolated a novel oral microbe, Desulfobulbus oralis, in adults with periodontitis, shedding light on its adaptations and evolution. Meanwhile, scientists at ORNL also developed a new cast aluminum alloy for engine cylinder heads, aiming to boost fuel efficiency without sacrificing performance.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered a pathway that involves enzyme SAMHD1 in regulating the immune system. This study suggests blocking SAMHD1 activity might thwart disease progression and provides potential targets for new treatments.
A study examined human ancestors' walking and climbing capabilities, revealing that humans' straight-legged gait provides improved walking economy but also allows for enhanced hip extension. This enabled early hominins like Ardipithecus ramidus to develop a balance between improved walking economy and climbing ability.
Researchers at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics successfully predicted terrestrial water storage beyond 2-5 years in semiarid regions using a set of global land model ensemble simulations. The study improves near-term climate change projection and water resource management by incorporating low-frequency climate information.
The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory has received a $184 million funding renewal from NSF over five years. The lab provides access to powerful instruments, including the world's strongest magnets, enabling scientists to advance fundamental science and applied research.
Researchers solved the structure of a key nervous system protein in complex with various drugs, enabling precise targeting. The discovery aims to develop medications with regulated action and fewer side effects by controlling which proteins are affected.
Research from the University of Illinois found that wheat middlings and red dog, two co-product feed ingredients for livestock, have different nutrient compositions. Red dog showed higher energy and nutrient digestibility compared to wheat middlings due to its particle size and starch content.
A new study by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found that a Medicare program linked with reduced black-white disparities in hospital readmissions, but minority-serving hospitals continue to disproportionately receive penalties, suggesting more work needs to be done to ensure greater healthcare equity.
Mice prenatally exposed to valproic acid showed greater seizure severity and reduced neural migration. Voluntary exercise alleviated VPA-induced effects, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies for prenatal VPA-exposed individuals with neurological disorders.