The RIT-led collaboration simulates neutron star mergers, linking them to the creation of heavy elements like gold and platinum. The project aims to improve understanding of binary neutron star merger processes, including electromagnetic signals and strong gravitational wave signatures.
A new study found that daily low-dose aspirin use reduces the risk of ovarian cancer by 23 percent. In contrast, heavy use of non-aspirin NSAIDs increases the risk. The research analyzed data from over 200,000 women and confirms earlier findings about aspirin's role in reducing certain types of cancers.
Hurricane Walaka is battering the largest contiguous fully protected conservation area under U.S. flag, Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument. The storm's powerful thunderstorms have generated large surf and heavy rain potential.
New research reveals that reducing Amazon deforestation has led to a significant increase in natural vegetation destruction in the nearby Cerrado region. The study suggests that the unintended consequences of conservation efforts can have profound impacts on neighboring areas with significant biodiversity.
Researchers at Penn State and North Carolina State University have developed a molecular approach to improve the piezoelectric properties of organic polymers. By tailoring molecules around chiral centers, they created a region within the material where ferroelectric and relaxor properties compete.
A randomized controlled study found that a sexual education and skills-building program reduced the risk of new STIs by 45% among black girls aged 14 to 18. The adapted program, IMARA, will be tested in South Africa with 525 daughter-female caregiver pairs.
A new study reveals that low-calorie sweeteners can change the types of bacteria found in the gut, leading to impaired regulation of glucose levels. The research found a significant reduction in beneficial bacterial species and an increase in opportunistic gut bacteria.
Astronomers have found a new type of gamma-ray burst that could not be detected by traditional telescopes. The discovery was made using archived radio data and suggests that these 'orphan' bursts may be related to the collapse of massive stars.
NASA's IMERG combined data from multiple satellites and visible imagery to create a composite picture of Tropical Storm Kong-Rey in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean. The heaviest rain fell around the center and northwest, with winds decreasing to 60 knots.
Scientists have found an old antibiotic that selectively kills cells producing high levels of ALDH1 in melanoma tumors. The therapy shows promise for complementing existing treatments and may offer a new approach to targeting drug resistance.
A phase III trial shows duvelisib significantly extends progression-free survival, offering a new treatment option for patients with relapsed or treatment-resistant CLL and SLL. The therapy also works well in sub-group analyses for hardest-to-treat cases with limited options.
A study published in Joule found that large-scale US wind power generation would warm the Continental United States by 0.24 degrees Celsius due to heat redistribution in the atmosphere. This warming effect could take roughly a century to offset with wind-related reductions in greenhouse gas concentrations.
A large-scale forest biodiversity experiment in China found that species-rich forests stored an average of 32 tons of carbon per hectare, while monocultures averaged only 12 tons. The study suggests that a mix of tree species is necessary for optimal carbon sequestration and climate protection.
Researchers aim to uncover how altered signaling processes impact appetite regulation and obesity in mice, potentially leading to new therapeutic approaches for the condition. The grant could provide valuable insights into the complex communication pathways involved in brain obesity.
Astronomers successfully collected microscopic material streaming from Saturn's rings using Cassini's Cosmic Dust Analyzer and Radio and Plasma Wave Science instruments. The research reveals that the main component of Saturn's rings is water ice, with tiny silicates also present.
Researchers from MIT CSAIL developed a system that uses machine learning to determine if a news source is accurate or biased. The system achieved 65% accuracy in detecting factuality levels and 70% accuracy in detecting bias, using common linguistic features across the source's stories.
Researchers at UCLA have discovered that late-stage prostate and lung cancers share common molecular mechanisms. The study found that these cancers can evolve similarly, even from different organs, which could lead to the development of drugs to treat not just prostate and lung cancers but also small cell cancers of almost any organ.
Researchers report on the most in-depth study to date of how human stem cells can be turned into heart cells, revealing unique patterns of gene activity associated with cardiac cell development. The findings provide new insights into how the heart builds itself and may lead to new approaches for repairing damaged hearts.
Researchers found that pyramid-shaped neurons in the amygdala region form cliques to categorize food, including recognizing banana vs. cake, and anticipating taste and texture. This understanding may provide insight into eating disorders.
The report reveals a high burden of prostate and colorectal cancers among Hispanic men in Puerto Rico, contrasting with lower rates among non-Hispanic whites. The study emphasizes the need for culturally tailored strategies to address these disparities and promote healthy lifestyle behaviors.
Researchers at UCSB and Cambridge developed models to optimize wind farm productivity by improving airflow mixing and using vertical-axis turbines, potentially leading to orders-of-magnitude improvements in energy production. This could enable more efficient use of land and reduce costs.
Researchers at Krembil Institute have developed a novel therapeutic treatment that can potentially stop knee and spine osteoarthritis in its tracks. The treatment targets microRNA-181a-5p, a biomarker believed to cause inflammation, cartilage destruction, and collagen depletion.
A recent study found that at-risk teens and young adults are not being tested for hepatitis C, a serious liver infection, despite their risk of contracting it. The study, which analyzed data from over 250,000 youth, suggests that current guidelines underestimate who is at risk for the infection.
A study published in PLOS Pathogens reveals how malaria infection triggers the immune system's first line of defense by activating natural killer cells through the MDA5 receptor. Treatment with a small molecule that activates MDA5 restores the ability of non-responder natural killer cells to clear infected red blood cells.
The CREDO project, a global particle detector using smartphones, has started collecting scientific data. Researchers have detected deviations from expected distributions in the raw data, which may indicate interactions between high-energy particles and space-time.
Researchers developed nanoparticles that bind to venom toxins, mitigating local damage and systemic distribution of toxins in mouse experiments. The treatment has the potential to be administered subcutaneously after a bite, offering a new approach to treating snakebites in rural settings.
A UH biologist is using a new grant to study how defects in cellular cross-talk lead to Crohn's disease. By examining stem cells isolated from patients, she hopes to find new targets for drug development and reduce inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract.
Livia Schiavinato Eberlin has developed the MasSpec Pen, a tool that enables surgeons to rapidly differentiate cancerous tissue from healthy tissue in patients. Her research aims to improve cancer diagnoses and treatment options using mass spectrometry imaging.
The University of Montana has been awarded a $10 million contract to develop a universal flu vaccine. The project aims to improve both seasonal and pandemic flu vaccines by utilizing a synthetic dual-TLR adjuvant combination system called TRAC-478.
The study found a significant decrease in overall mortality in septic shock from 51.7% to 39.3% between 2004 and 2014, with shorter hospital stays also observed.
Researchers at Australian National University have developed a thin and flexible semiconductor material that can convert electricity into light efficiently. The invention opens the door to biodegradable or recyclable electronic devices, reducing e-waste and environmental damage.
A study by researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison found that California mice who communicate calmly after infidelity are more likely to produce a litter of mouse pups and have good fathers. The quality of their conversations helps predict pair bond success, with less aggressive vocalizations indicating a stronger bond.
Sanjay Awasthi's research blocks stress-responsive protein Rlip to defeat deleterious effects of p53 loss, a common genetic defect in breast cancers. This discovery could lead to effective new medications for cancer, diabetes, and other health issues.
A study by the University of Zurich found that even small gifts can significantly increase sales, particularly when given to the boss. In a controlled experiment, sales representatives gave customers six tubes of toothpaste worth around 10 francs, leading to orders almost twice as high.
Rice University researchers have created a new catalyst that can convert ammonia into hydrogen fuel at ambient pressure using light energy, significantly lowering the activation barrier. The catalyst, made of copper with trace amounts of ruthenium, uses plasmonic effects to enhance its efficiency.
Case Western Reserve researchers are investigating skin prions as a potential diagnostic biomarker for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. The study aims to determine if skin prions can serve as a pre-mortem and post-mortem diagnostic tool, as well as explore their role in transmission between humans.
Researchers found that acute respiratory failure, obstetric hemorrhage, and hypertensive disorders were common indications for mechanical ventilation. Factors associated with higher mortality included vasopressor use, blood transfusions, neurological dysfunction, coagulopathy, and ARDS.
A study found that female-specific genetic mutation ATRX increases susceptibility to pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. The research team discovered that deleting the gene in females led to increased progression to cancer, while males with the mutation experienced reduced risk of injury and progression to cancer.
A recent study found that glacial lake outbursts can trigger massive erosion and landslides, causing widespread damage to infrastructure. The research, published in Science, suggests that non-climatological drivers such as earthquakes and climate change may play a significant role in shaping fluvial erosion rates.
Researchers at HZB integrated a thin layer of singlet fission-capable tetracene crystals into a silicon solar cell, successfully generating two pairs of charge carriers simultaneously. This breakthrough increases the quantum efficiency to 200 percent and brings the theoretical efficiency limit closer to 40 percent.
Researchers found that natural killer cells fail to respond to malaria infection in some patients, leading to more severe disease outcomes. By identifying key genes involved, they discovered a potential therapeutic target using poly I:C treatment.
Southern Methodist University professors receive an $849,839 NSF grant to build a multi-dimensional drone communication framework, addressing three-dimensional connectivity issues. The project aims to optimize transmission to intended receivers in various swarm formations, with potential applications in commercial and military sectors.
A new study on Samuel Morton's 19th-century skull collection found that while Morton accurately measured brain size, his conclusions on racial intelligence were based on racist biases. The analysis of handwritten documentation revealed systematic underestimations of African cranial capacity due to inconsistent data collection methods.
This special issue of Science presents research on Cassini's final transmissions to Earth, revealing new observations and insights into Saturn's atmosphere and rings. The studies found that water, methane, and organic-rich material fall into the planet's atmosphere, modifying its composition and structure.
A study found that at least 17 white-tailed sea eagles died from avian influenza virus H5N8 in Northern Germany during the winter of 2016/2017. The analysis revealed that the virus was highly aggressive and caused a lethal inflammation of the brain, with no evidence of lead poisoning as a cause.
Researchers found that large-scale wind farms would require five to 20 times more land area than previously estimated, and their operation would warm average surface temperatures by 0.24 degrees Celsius in the continental US. The study suggests that localized warming occurs even with smaller projections of wind power generation.
Researchers investigated using Facebook to implement a critical care ultrasound (CCUS) curriculum. Fellows participated in a two-day hands-on bootcamp and joined a private CCUS Facebook group, which provided them with core skills and case studies over 20 weeks.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota Medical School have discovered a subset of muscle stem cells that are located close to blood vessels and are likely to be the more potent stem cell population in maintaining muscle health. This groundbreaking study uses 3D technology to study the interaction between stem cells and blood vessel...
The American Academy of Otolaryngology will present cutting-edge research on various otolaryngology topics at their Annual Meeting. Key studies include evaluating the prognostic utility of hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio in head and neck cancer, investigating the association between depression and long-term overall surv...
A Mayo Clinic study found that firearms were involved in 85% of first-time youth suicides, resulting in high lethality rates. The study also revealed that prior mental health concerns were absent in 41.2% of youth index attempters.
A new mouse study builds on human findings that link chemotherapy and the APOE4 gene variant to cognitive problems. The research, published in Neurotoxicity Research, reveals that APOE4 works with doxorubicin to cause significant brain changes and impair learning.
A new study found that 21% of individuals with insulin-treated diabetes diagnosed after age 30 have severe insulin deficiency, characteristic of late-onset type 1 diabetes. These patients often experience delays in diagnosis and treatment due to misdiagnosis as type 2 diabetes.
Scientists have identified the cause of Saul-Wilson syndrome, a rare type of dwarfism characterized by short stature and developmental delays. A single spontaneous gene change alters protein packaging in the cell's Golgi complex, affecting protein function and stability.
A study funded by NIH found that gastric banding is as effective as metformin in stabilizing disease for people with prediabetes or new-onset type 2 diabetes. Participants who underwent gastric banding surgery lost significantly more weight and showed similar improvements in insulin sensitivity compared to those taking metformin.
A study found that despite a well-designed low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening program, only 77.6% of eligible veterans underwent annual repeat scans. This highlights the need for improved adherence to lung cancer screening to maximize mortality benefits and cost-efficacy.
Researchers found that viruses like West Nile and Zika can kill neurons in the gut, disrupting bowel movement and causing intestinal blockages. The study provides clues to sudden onset of digestive woes and potentially points to a new strategy for preventing such conditions.
Malaria parasites have evolved to replicate in sync with mosquitoes' feeding cycles, causing regular bouts of fever. Scientists discovered that these parasites are more infectious to mosquitoes during the day, and their replication patterns likely evolved to optimize transmission.
A modelling study suggests that integrating community health workers at scale could significantly reduce the NHS primary care workload crisis. The researchers estimate that 110,585 community health workers would be needed to cover England's general practice population, costing £2.22bn annually.
A US defense agency program aims to genetically modify crops using infectious viruses, sparking concerns about its potential military applications and the risk of creating new biological weapons. The approach, known as HEGAAs, would deliver the viruses through insects, raising questions about transparency and public deliberation.
Researchers found no significant differences between synthetic and live tissue models in terms of stress levels during training. This study suggests that synthetic models can be used without sacrificing educational quality, reducing the need for live animal use.