A new four-year study aims to decrease psychological distress in cancer patients and their family caregivers during treatment using a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial. The study will employ two interventions: a printed symptom management handbook and a telephone counseling intervention.
Researchers have devised a novel strategy to identify people with mild cognitive impairment at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. The Loewenstein-Acevedo Scales for Semantic Interference and Learning (LASSI-L) tool measures specific memory deficits that align with imaging findings for abnormal brain amyloid accumulation.
Researchers at NYU Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development have identified a new tool for voice modification therapy in transgender women. Visual-acoustic biofeedback is used to adjust resonant frequencies, leading to more feminine-sounding speech and improved gender identity expression.
A novel technique developed by Hong Chen uses focused ultrasound to target drug delivery to the brainstem, bypassing the blood-brain barrier. This approach has shown promise in treating diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG), a childhood brain cancer with a five-year survival rate of less than three percent.
Researchers have identified KIN3 as a crucial enzyme connecting cellular signalling pathways involved in fungal developmental processes. The study found that mutants lacking this enzyme were sterile and exhibited developmental disorders.
A team of researchers has developed a gene therapy cure for the Leber Congenital Amaurosis, a genetic form of childhood blindness. The treatment restores vision to treated children and adults, paving the way for new treatments for genetic conditions.
The CDC guideline provides 19 recommendations for diagnosing, managing, and treating mild traumatic brain injury in children, including return to school and symptom management. The guideline aims to improve clinical decision-making and treatment outcomes for pediatric concussions.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry found that internet- and telephone-assisted trainings for parents and children with disruptive behavior at age 4 significantly reduced child behavioral problems and increased parental skills. The program showed positive long-term outcomes, i...
NYU is part of IRIS-HEP, a National Science Foundation-backed coalition developing next-generation cyberinfrastructure for high-energy physics research. The institute aims to drive innovations in data analysis and algorithms essential to handling massive LHC data.
A new study led by UCLA researchers found that the ACA reduced disparities in healthcare between Mexican-heritage Latinos and other Latinos, with a significant increase in health insurance coverage among Mexican-heritage Latinos after implementation of the law's major provisions. However, disparities persist due to legal status, income...
Despite the risk of a 25% lower mortality rate, many people aged 60 and above are missing out on lifesaving bowel cancer screening. Inequalities in the system have widened, with those from deprived areas and ethnically diverse neighbourhoods being less likely to participate.
T. Michael Redmond's work deduced the molecular biology of the retina and led to the development of Luxturna, a gene therapy approved by FDA for treating Leber congenital amaurosis, an inherited genetic disorder causing severe vision loss.
A study of 736 pregnant women found that fish oil supplements led to a sustained increase in BMI, primarily due to proportional increases in lean and bone mass. By age 6, children whose mothers took fish oil supplements had higher total mass, lean mass, bone mineral content, and fat mass compared to those who received olive oil.
The Rice University graduate-level bioelectronics program aims to develop technologies at the cell/material interface, focusing on light-harvesting systems and implantable devices. The five-year program will train students from various departments to tackle bioelectronics challenges collaboratively.
A large-scale study found that diclofenac, a common painkiller, is associated with an increased risk of major cardiovascular events such as heart attack and stroke. The study suggests that diclofenac should not be available over the counter and when prescribed, should come with a warning about its potential risks.
A study published in Nature Structural & Molecular Biology reveals that the Arp8 module of the INO80 complex serves as a linker DNA sensor driving chromatin remodelling. This process enables gene expression adaptations by stimulating nucleosome repositioning, which has implications for cancer therapy.
Tropical Storm Florence remains affected by wind shear, with its low-level center displaced southeast of the bulk of the storm. NASA satellite data shows coldest cloud tops at minus 70 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating moderate southwesterly shear.
Researchers have identified the genetic mechanisms underlying preterm labor by studying the Nodal gene. Variations of the gene and inflammation are associated with an increased risk of premature delivery.
Tropical Storm Jebi made landfall in southeastern Japan on September 4, with cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit. The storm is transitioning to an extra-tropical system over the Sea of Japan, expanding its wind field.
The PROFORMA project aims to strengthen national infrastructures for drugs safety monitoring in four East African countries. The five-year project, funded by EUR 6 million, includes training at Master's and postgraduate level and exchange of knowledge between researchers and experts.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory researchers developed modified atmosphere insulation, a viable solution to improve building energy efficiency. Additionally, scientists created an open source software platform allowing quantum programs to run on multiple quantum computers, revolutionizing modern computing. The lab also made breakthroughs ...
Researchers have developed a new approach to 3D printing metals, using metallic glasses, which can produce solid, high-strength metal components with minimal processing. The technique eliminates the need for expensive and complicated support structures, making it more practical and commercially viable than current methods.
Astronomers have found a dense disk of material surrounding a young star, which may be the precursor to a planetary system. The discovery could revolutionize models of solar system formation and provide insights into our own cosmic neighborhood.
Researchers aim to explore treatment for birth defects like spina bifida and anencephaly by studying how the neural tube closes, with $3.2 million from the NIH. A hybrid microscope combining Brillouin spectroscopy and OCT will help understand mechanical properties controlling neural tube closure in developing embryos.
A new approach using a geostationary hyperspectral infrared sounder can significantly improve local severe-storm forecasting by providing high-resolution atmospheric temperature and humidity information. This unprecedented data is crucial for nowcasting and forecasting high-impact weather events.
Experts at the University of Nottingham have achieved time-resolved imaging of atomic-scale dynamics and chemical transformations using metal nanoclusters. The study ranks 14 different metals in order of their bonding with carbon and catalytic activity, providing new insights into nanocatalyst behavior.
Researchers will use mice to create detailed maps of young and aging brains' blood vessels, hoping to understand healthy brain development and disease progression. The project aims to lay the groundwork for studying pathological conditions like strokes and Alzheimer's disease.
A global study standardizes FRET measurement technology to pinpoint molecular distances at the nanoscale. This breakthrough enhances understanding of molecular machines and processes that underpin life.
A new study found that when people don't have much time to make a decision, they tend to rely on their existing bias towards being selfish or pro-social. However, when given more time, participants are more likely to override their bias and choose a more altruistic option.
Researchers introduce concept of 'live' process emerging from interactions between molecules and environment, identifying earliest hallmark of life. They suggest this process could lead to emergence of complex living organisms with characteristics currently known.
Adults with and without Alzheimer's disease show better cognition skills in late summer and early fall than in winter and spring, equivalent to a 4.8-year difference in age-related decline. The odds of mild cognitive impairment or dementia were also higher in winter and spring.
A new AI model has been developed that can predict the risk of death in patients with heart disease more accurately than medical experts. The model was trained on electronic health data from over 80,000 patients and identified new variables that doctors hadn't considered.
Researchers found a retromer protein complex helps prevent brain tumors by recognizing and disarming harmful proteins that cause them. The discovery could lead to new treatment approaches for brain tumors.
A study analyzing 538 vaccine candidates found that only about 128 are likely to reach the market, with many critical products lacking. The researchers estimate it would cost $16.3 billion to move current candidates through the pipeline, highlighting the need for increased investment and innovative approaches.
Karen Fredriksen-Goldsen, PhD, has been awarded the 2018 Maxwell A. Pollack Award for Productive Aging by the Gerontological Society of America (GSA) in recognition of her work on translating research into practical application and policy. She is a leading scholar addressing equity and aging disparities in marginalized communities.
The study found that global levels of physical activity have remained stagnant since 2001, with over a quarter of the world's adult population not meeting recommended levels of activity to stay healthy. In 2016, around 32% of women and 23% of men worldwide were insufficiently active.
Researchers discovered that clownfish ancestors had three white stripes, which later evolved into different stripe patterns in individuals from various species. The study found that some species acquire more stripes as juveniles than they do as adults, and that a decrease in iridophores inhibits stripe formation.
A large genomic analysis has linked certain DNA mutations to a high risk of relapse in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer, while other mutations were associated with better outcomes. The study identified three genes - DDR1, PIK3R1 and NF1 - with relatively uncommon mutations that were associated with cancer recurrence and spreading.
A new study reveals that the mechanical properties of viral DNA govern the direction of infection, with synchronous and random infections differing in their DNA's stiffness. Temperature and stress levels influence this process, with heat making DNA more flexible and potentially leading to lytic events.
A study found that most people's attitudes towards police officers are shaped by pre-existing views, and do not significantly change even when presented with evidence of racial disparities. The study suggests that building trust in law enforcement may be a challenging task for police departments.
A team of scientists has identified 25 genetic mutations associated with longer lifespans in humans and primates. These findings provide insights into the complex process of aging and may lead to new therapeutic targets for age-related diseases.
A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine finds that urgent care visits have increased significantly while emergency room visits for low-acuity conditions have decreased by 36 percent between 2008 and 2015. The growth of urgent care centers is attributed to their convenience, shorter wait times, and lower costs.
Researchers find way to reduce production costs of solar cells by more than 10 percent through nano-texturing silicon and atomic layer deposition. The cost per unit power drops, making solar energy comparable to conventional electricity.
A new study by Bradley T. Shapiro found that TV advertising for health insurance has a small effect on brand enrollments, particularly in lower-income populations. The research suggests that regulators' concerns about 'cream-skimming' may not be supported by data.
A randomized clinical trial found that immediate nicotine reduction resulted in lower toxicant exposure, fewer cigarettes smoked, and greater reduction in dependence compared to gradual reduction. However, this approach also caused higher withdrawal symptoms and study dropout rates.
SwRI engineers have created a small cooled turbine that can operate thousands of hours without repair, significantly improving drone efficiency. The new design uses a 3D printed impeller to cool the turbine, allowing it to maintain performance while increasing reliability.
A new study published in eLife suggests that the overall burden of changes in a tumor's genome can predict patient outcomes across various cancer types. Researchers found that the percentage of altered genes in a tumor, known as CNA burden, is associated with mortality and disease-free survival in multiple cancers.
Researchers will evaluate the use of negative pressure wound therapy in obese and/or diabetic patients at five university-associated hospitals. The goal is to determine if this technique can help reduce incision site infections, a significant complication that can prevent proper wound healing and even lead to death.
The UCSF-Stanford Pediatric Device Consortium will develop new medical devices, including a pneumonia detector and appliances for infants with cleft palate. The grant enables collaboration between geniuses to stimulate innovation in the pediatric device market.
Researchers found a strong seasonal pattern in online search activity for cardiovascular disease, with higher volumes during winter months. US states with higher CVD mortality also showed increased search interest compared to regions with lower CVD mortality rates.
Research by University of Manchester scientists found that genes regulating lungs and liver function change with the day-night cycle, impacting steroid side effects. Removing a specific molecule, Reverbα, altered gene expression and showed protective effects against fatty liver buildup.
A Danish study has estimated 10-year absolute risk of dementia by age, sex and common APOE gene variation, identifying high-risk individuals who may benefit from early preventive interventions. The research found that a combination of these factors could lead to a 7-24% risk of developing dementia by age 80.
A study by international female scientists found that women represent 30% of the CGE community but only 15-18% in prestigious roles. The researchers identified common barriers including gender stereotyping, the 'maternal wall', microaggressions, and harassment, which can hold women back in their careers.
Researchers at the University of Georgia have discovered that raising tortoises in captivity and releasing them into a protected habitat can significantly boost wild populations. The study found that 70% of head-started tortoises were still alive after one year, with strong site fidelity allowing them to reproduce.
Mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus are at higher risk of developing postpartum depression symptoms, which affect 10-15% of new mothers. A Finnish study found that 16% of mothers with GDM experienced postpartum depression symptoms, compared to 9% without GDM.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center discovered how hormone therapy can cause prostate cancer to spread by transforming some cancer cells into aggressive neuroendocrine cancer-type cells. A potential simple blood test may help predict when this type of therapy resistance will occur, according to the study.
A recent study by Christine Mallinson and Anne H. Charity Hudley suggests that K-12 STEM educators who are aware of linguistic issues can better support African-American students. The authors recommend developing cultural and linguistic competencies through partnerships with local linguists and using linguistic insight to invite studen...
Sherpas' unique physiological adaptations to high altitude may help improve oxygen delivery in critically ill patients. By increasing blood flow and delivering oxygen to tissues, Sherpas thrive at low oxygen environments, offering a potential alternative to traditional high oxygen content strategies.
Researchers found that an antioxidant called apocynin can cut plaque buildup in half and lower inflammation to pre-attack levels. This treatment could help reduce the risk of a second heart attack or stroke, particularly in mice that have experienced a first attack or stroke.
The NSF Institute for Research and Innovation in Software for High-Energy Physics (IRIS-HEP) will tackle the unprecedented data challenges from the HL-LHC. The institute aims to develop innovative software tools and train the next generation of users to analyze large sets of data.