A team of scientists at MUSC identified a key gene that plays a role in the link between long-term stress and a common type of depressive behavior in mice. The study suggests that there may not be one central mechanism by which stress causes depression, but rather multiple pathways connecting stress with different symptoms.
A new UC Davis study found that high blood pressure in young adulthood is associated with lower regional brain volumes and worse white matter integrity, both factors linked to dementia. The research also showed sex differences in the negative brain changes, with men exhibiting stronger effects than women.
A randomized clinical trial found that anakinra did not prevent mechanical ventilation or reduce mortality risk in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Future research is needed to assess anakinra in less severe cases.
Psychiatrists at Indiana University School of Medicine found deaths by suicide increased during the week of a full moon, especially in people over age 55. They also identified 3-4 p.m. and September as peak times for suicides.
A new equation and 3D imaging technology have been developed to score pancreatic cancer patients for surgical removal of their tumor. The method provides a precise way to determine which patients are eligible for surgery, with the potential to improve treatment outcomes.
A team at the University of Pittsburgh has created a framework to analyze the influence of online conspiratorial content on individuals and communities. The project aims to identify sociodemographic and psychometric factors that contribute to the spread of such messages.
A new study from Weill Cornell Medicine has identified four clinically distinct groups of people with autism spectrum disorder, each with unique brain connection patterns and behavioral traits. The findings highlight the potential for personalized therapies tailored to individual subgroups, which may lead to more effective treatments.
A new UCLA study identifies sex-specific brain signatures associated with obesity in men and women, revealing differences in brain networks related to early life adversity, mental health, and sensory stimulation. The findings suggest the need for tailored interventions based on an individual's sex.
A recent study has found that the fungus Candida auris uses a genetic agent called the Hil family to adhere to host tissue and form biofilms, making it difficult for humans to fight off infections. This adaptation allows the fungus to evade the human immune system and become resistant to anti-fungal drugs.
African provinces' inclusive wealth per capita rose modestly by 1% between 2012 and 2018, signaling weak sustainability performance. The study highlights the tradeoffs between income and natural capital growth, emphasizing the importance of harmonizing national and subnational interventions.
A German-Chinese research team has developed a general method to produce two-dimensional nanoparticles, which have high catalytic potential. The synthesis process is carried out in a simple aqueous solution without toxic additives or high temperatures.
A survey of science journalists in Latin America and the Caribbean reveals key ethical priorities, protections, and violations. The report aims to establish guiding principles for science journalism globally.
A population-based study found that pregnancy-associated cancers have a higher overall 5-year mortality rate compared to non-pregnancy associated cancers. The study highlights the need for improved cancer screening and treatment options during pregnancy.
A new type of meta-optics, developed at Harvard, has been successfully tested at Graz University of Technology, allowing the observation of ultra-fast physical processes. The lens uses extreme ultraviolet radiation to track charge carriers in space and time, enabling optimization of modern transistors and optoelectronic circuits.
A team of investigators created embryo-like structures from monkey embryonic stem cells and transferred them into female monkeys, which implanted and elicited a hormonal response similar to pregnancy. The study provides new tools and perspectives for exploring primate embryos and reproductive medical health.
Researchers from George Mason University found that anti-tobacco campaigns on Facebook discussing the risks of second-hand smoking to pets received the most user engagement. The studies analyzed factors influencing effective antismoking campaigns and user interaction.
A clinical study has shown that vaccination during pregnancy can effectively prevent severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease in infants. The vaccine was found to be well-tolerated and provided over 80% protection against RSV illness, with benefits expected for vulnerable populations worldwide.
A recent study by England Hockey star Tess Howard found that 70% of teenage girls in the UK dropped out of sports due to body image concerns related to their clothing. The research led to the introduction of new, more inclusive uniform policies allowing athletes to choose between skirts and shorts.
Regular third trimester ultrasound scans can help identify undiagnosed breech pregnancies, allowing for better care before and during labor. This could lead to improved perinatal outcomes and reduced rates of undetected breech pregnancy by 71%.
Residual carbon emissions are a major obstacle to achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. According to University at Buffalo researcher Holly Jean Buck, the world must reach net-zero this century to limit temperature increase, but residual emissions pose significant challenges.
A toolkit for coral gardening could accelerate reef recovery in Saudi Arabia and globally. The Maritechture TM system includes tiles, stackable crates, and coral pods to create artificial reefs that attract natural coral settlement.
Users appreciate automation's ability to learn personal preferences, reducing tedious tasks. However, they also desire user control and consent for system engagement, leading to a delicate balance of interactivity and automation.
Researchers from Chinese Academy of Sciences have doubled lithium storage capacity in hard carbon anodes by exploring lithiation boundary parameters. The study reveals the dual effect of lithium intercalation and reversible lithium film as key to high-reversible capacities.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that doxycycline can reduce the incidence of syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia by two-thirds when taken within 72 hours after condomless sex. The research also highlighted a slight increase in antibacterial resistance, emphasizing the need for further exploration.
A team of scientists from City University of Hong Kong and HKUST discovered novel, tridimensional compounds with high anticancer activity and low toxicity. These compounds can overcome drug resistance in cancer cells by inducing a different cell death pathway.
A study by Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center found that climate change-related natural disasters have increased since 1980 and cost the US over $2 trillion in recovery costs. The analysis suggests that rising CO2 levels and temperatures will lead to more frequent and severe disasters, with exponentially increasing costs.
A new reputation-based consensus mechanism is proposed to improve blockchain node deployment on vehicles and RSUs, reducing block propagation time and increasing efficiency. The proposed mechanism is verified through simulation results in a 12km×12km square region.
A blood draw can provide valuable information on the effectiveness of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for neuroendocrine cancer patients. Blood-based biomarkers PPQ and NETest were found to predict PRRT response with 96% and 90% accuracy, respectively. The study opens possibilities for tailoring treatment to individual patients.
A team of Cornell University scientists has dusted off an ancient electrochemical equation to better understand the conversion of carbon dioxide. The Cottrell equation enables researchers to control experimental parameters and produce useful carbon products like ethylene, ethane, or ethanol.
A study from the University of East Anglia found that environmental impact assessments often fail to account for species movement between sites, leading to underestimated impacts on wildlife. The research highlights a planned airport development in Portugal that could affect over 10 times the number of Black-tailed Godwits estimated by...
Researchers found that even low levels of glyphosate herbicide residues harm endophytic microbes in garden strawberry, which promote plant nutrition, disease resistance, and stress tolerance.
Researchers replaced reactive hydrogens in PHA plastics with methyl groups, enhancing thermal and mechanical properties. This approach enables closed-loop chemical recyclability, a crucial step towards increasing sustainable use of PHAs.
A recent study has investigated how cells divide in fibrous environments, revealing the impact of extracellular matrix shape and fiber number on mitotic errors. By re-creating and studying lattice structures, researchers have gained a deeper understanding of cellular dynamics and its connection to disease biology.
Research using mice models of Alzheimer's disease found that deep brain stimulation activated only a small population of new neurons, restoring cognitive and non-cognitive functions. The study also identified protein pathways involved in improved memory performance and plaque clearance.
A new study finds significant variation in life-threatening maternal complications among Medicaid enrollees, with rates differing by state and race-ethnicity. The five states with the highest rates of severe maternal morbidity included D.C., California, Nevada, New Jersey, and New York.
Researchers at the University of Washington School Medicine have engineered stem cells that do not generate dangerous arrhythmias. These 'MEDUSA' cardiomyocytes can engraft in the heart, mature into adult cells and beat in sync with natural pacemaking without generating dangerous heart rates.
A study of high school students in Brazil found that excessive smartphone use is associated with thoracic spine pain (TSP), affecting girls more than boys. The research highlights the importance of health education programs to combat this issue and promote physical activity and good posture.
A decade-long study suggests Indigenous-managed forests can absorb up to 26,000 metric tons of dangerous pollutants from wildfires each year, preventing an estimated 15 million cases of respiratory and cardiovascular disease. This absorption saves Amazon cities US$2 billion a year in healthcare costs.
A fasting diet that focuses on early eating has been shown to reduce the risk markers of type 2 diabetes. Researchers found that participants who followed a time-restricted, intermittent fasting diet experienced greater tolerance to glucose and reduced blood lipids compared to those on a daily, low-calorie diet.
New research suggests the Marinoan Ice Age, which created glaciers from pole to pole 635 million years ago, had patches of open water in mid-latitude seas. This finding provides evidence that life could have persisted during this period, potentially influencing the carbon cycle and climate.
Researchers have identified new ways to treat antibiotic-resistant TB by targeting unique weaknesses in the bacteria. The study found that certain drug-resistant strains are more sensitive to antibiotics targeting unrelated pathways, paving the way for faster treatment and reduced resistance.
A new pesticide exposure test has been developed to help protect the health and safety of agricultural workers, particularly those in the emerging cannabis industry. The test uses a bio solid-phase microextraction method that can detect ultra-trace levels of pesticide residues in human blood plasma.
New research suggests a way to ward off age-related weight gain by stimulating beige fat cells. Beige fat has thermogenic properties that can reduce blood sugar and fatty acids causing heart disease. The study identifies a specific signaling pathway responsible for suppressing beige fat formation in older mice.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge have built a super-sized nanocage that could deliver larger drug cargoes, outperforming existing nanocages in terms of internal volume and stability.
The SWELL project focuses on recovering non-metallic components, including electrolytes, from spent lithium-ion batteries. This can lead to a significant increase in battery material sustainability.
Researchers at Penn State found that broccoli's aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands bind to a protein in mice, promoting gut health and reducing disease. This interaction activates various activities that affect intestinal cell functions, leading to improved gut barrier function and resilience.
Research explores the complex relationship between droughts, food security, and conflict in Central America. The study finds that decreases in water availability play a major role in conflict insurgences, while stable conditions of peace are more influenced by favorable socio-economic conditions.
A new study reveals how ferroelectric coatings improve all-solid-state lithium batteries by reducing space charge layers and enhancing lithium transportation. The coatings made from guanidinium perchlorate increase battery capacities to near-liquid lithium-ion levels.
Researchers at Hokkaido University and Kyushu University have developed a technique to synthesize potential molecular switches from anthraquinodimethanes (AQDs), a group of overcrowded organic molecules. The synthesized derivatives can stably form twisted and folded isomers, as well as other isomeric forms, in different solvents.
Researchers tracked female bushcrickets' movement and found they tend to fly more frequently and longer distances than males, making them more vulnerable to bats. This contradicts the assumption that males take higher risks in search of mates.
Enoblituzumab, a monoclonal antibody, is safe in men with aggressive prostate cancer and may induce clinical activity against cancer throughout the body. The drug targets B7-H3 protein overexpressed on prostate cancer cells, blocking immune system inhibition and triggering tumor cell destruction by activating immune cells.
A study of California's high-elevation Sierra Nevada squirrels reveals that climate is just one factor influencing their niche. Squirrel species use different spaces due to variations in climate, topography, and land cover, such as meadows or forests.
Researchers investigated the impact of COVID-19 on oocyte quality and embryo development in a prospective cohort study. The study found that SARS-CoV-2 infection did not have a clear negative effect on oocyte quality or embryo development, with some women experiencing improved outcomes after infection.
Researchers found that underutilized asset building programs could be a solution to help low income families build wealth. The study showed that incorporating these programs into healthcare may make them more accessible to families in need.
A new study found that despite awareness of COVID-19 risks, bushmeat consumption remained unchanged in rural communities along the Kenya-Tanzania border. Education levels played a critical role in understanding disease transmission. Increased food costs caused by regulations led to increased bushmeat consumption.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University developed Pix2pix3d, a machine learning tool that generates realistic 3D representations of 2D sketches. The tool allows users to create customized 3D models for various applications, including video games and consumer products.
Researchers have identified a biomarker signature that can predict which patients with kidney cancer will respond well to immunotherapy. The signature is based on the number of immune cells in and around tumors, the amount of dead cancer tissue, and mutations to a tumor suppressor gene called PBRM1.
The MSU facility will provide several thousand additional hours of chip testing capacity annually, addressing the US national shortfall in advanced microelectronics testing. The K500 cyclotron will be used to test electronic components for space-based applications where levels of ionizing radiation are higher than at Earth's surface.
Researchers discovered that viruses that infect bacteria and archaea in deep-sea hydrothermal vents share a common immunological memory, allowing symbiotic microbes to defend against the same virus. This challenges conventional wisdom on virus-host interactions, revealing a more nuanced relationship between these microorganisms.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University analyzed the collection of leptons to demonstrate that the lepton flavor mixings are large in the random mass matrix model. The study found that the measure of the matrix should obey the Gaussian distribution, which supports the experimental results for the seesaw model.