Two studies led by UCLA researchers reveal how cancer cells use energy to survive and grow, shedding light on why some prostate cancers become resistant to hormone therapy. The findings highlight the importance of considering cell metabolism in developing new cancer treatments, particularly those targeting the androgen receptor.
A new study reveals a disproportionate increase in pediatric eating disorder hospitalizations, particularly among males, younger teens, and those with eating disorders other than anorexia or bulimia. Hospitalizations rose by 139% over 17 years, with the greatest increases seen for these atypical groups.
Researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder have developed a new technique using doughnut-shaped beams of light to take detailed images of objects too tiny to view with traditional microscopes. This approach could help scientists improve nanoelectronics by inspecting semiconductors without damaging them.
A new study published in Cell Reports mapped ketamine's effects on the brains of mice, revealing widespread structural changes in the dopamine system after repeated use. The findings suggest that targeting specific areas of the brain with ketamine therapy could minimize unintended effects.
Physicists at CCNY have developed a technique to enhance optical data storage capacity in diamonds by multiplexing storage in the spectral domain. This allows for storing multiple images at the same location using different wavelengths of light.
A study by Kyoto University researchers uses hierarchical mathematical modeling to analyze the shapes of skin eruptions and link them to the in vivo pathological dynamics of CSU. The Criteria for Classification of Eruption Geometry (EGe criteria) was developed, demonstrating high reliability among dermatologists.
A new study suggests that Canada's ability to meet its 30 by 30 target relies on national coordination and prioritizing biodiversity-rich areas. If successful, this could protect over 65% of all species, but regional strategies hinder progress and result in lost biodiversity.
Researchers sequenced over 100 'magic mushroom' genomes to learn about their domestication and cultivation. They found that commercial cultivars lack genetic diversity, while naturalized populations in Australia maintain more diversity, including unique gene variants controlling psilocybin production.
A new study published in PNAS Nexus reveals that deep-sea corals and sponges produce the ROS superoxide, a highly reactive compound with previously unknown effects on ocean life and chemistry. The researchers used a one-of-a-kind deep-sea chemiluminescent sensor to detect superoxide in water closely surrounding corals.
Researchers developed a new technique called MAbID to study multiple mechanisms of gene regulation simultaneously, enabling the connection between different gene expression processes. This technology can be applied to various fields, including human development and disease research.
According to a new study published in Annals of Internal Medicine, most adults who qualify for statin use for primary prevention are not receiving them. The study found that despite increased overall statin use over time, only 35% of eligible adults were taking statins between 2013 and 2018. The researchers suggest that innovative effo...
The December issues of The American Journal of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Services explore postpartum depression, responses to stress in adulthood, and adversity in children. APA highlights increased rates of suicide among Black women, shedding light on childhood resilience and genetics.
The December issue of Health Affairs explores global responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, revealing growing quality issues in the pharmaceutical industry and concerning healthcare disruptions in Latin America. Survey data also highlights vaccine uptake inequities in low- and middle-income countries.
Researchers discovered that Osteopontin induces mitochondrial biogenesis in deadherent breast tumor cells, which aids metastatic success. The study suggests a possible mechanism and targets for treating cancer metastasis by increasing ATP levels and mitochondrial mass.
The project aims to create a digital twin of the world's wetlands using satellite data, mathematical models, and artificial intelligence to monitor and reduce methane emissions. Dr Robert Parker from the University of Leicester will lead the project as one of 75 new Future Leaders Fellows.
University of Adelaide researchers observed sucrose transport in plant aquaporins for the first time, expanding their role in plant biology. HvNIP2;1 aquaporin has altered structural characteristics that enable saccharide transport.
A novel bio-inspired computing approach using Biologically-Inspired Experience Replay (BIER) has improved the reliability of Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs) and other adaptive control systems. The method leverages recent experiences to stabilize UUVs in challenging conditions, outperforming conventional methods.
Researchers using acoustic imaging measure eye size and growth to better understand myopia's contributing factors. Education level, light stimulation, and outdoor time are found to correlate with the development of myopia. Current solutions like glasses and contacts are being replaced by eyedrops for children and collaborative efforts ...
Researchers at Temple University Health System report that the BASHIR Endovascular Catheter reduces blockages in lung arteries and correlates with improved right ventricle function, suggesting better survival outcomes. The catheter also shows significantly lower bleeding rates compared to other devices.
Researchers reconstructed data on fertility and education using a modeling framework, affirming existing literature that educated women have lower fertility rates. The study highlights the spillover effect of education on fertility behavior, with more women following suit in communities where education levels increase.
Researchers mapped crocodile family trees to shed light on their evolution and conservation. Climate change and competition played key roles in shaping modern-day crocodile diversity, with ecology being an unexpected factor in survival.
A research team has developed a new method for detecting protein ions using superconducting nanowire detectors, which achieve almost 100% quantum efficiency and can distinguish between macromolecules based on their impact energy. This breakthrough improves the detection of proteins in mass spectrometry and offers additional information.
Researchers discover substantial presence of frozen carbon monoxide in 'The Brick', a mysterious dark region at the Milky Way's center. The findings indicate a critical need to re-evaluate established theories regarding star formation.
The COMCID study demonstrates the safety of cilostazol in patients with MCI, but shows no efficacy in preventing disease progression. However, treatment with cilostazol increased blood concentrations of albumin and β-amyloid complex, suggesting a potential role in clearing β-amyloid from the brain.
A new study by RAND Corporation links the nation's opioid crisis to a surge in child suicides, with reformulated prescription opioids contributing to the growth. The analysis found that geographic areas with higher rates of prescription OxyContin misuse experienced sharper growth in child suicide rates.
Researchers developed a robot prototype inspired by a snail's ability to collect food particles at the water-air interface. The device uses an undulating motion to suck in microplastics from the surface of oceans and seas.
A new study compiled over 600,000 records from US and Canadian wildlife rehabilitation centers to investigate the threats facing more than a thousand species by region, highlighting human activities such as climate change and extreme weather events
A study of nearly 16,000 kindergarten children found that total screen time and different content types were associated with mental health problems. Limiting screen time and prioritizing educational programs are recommended for young children.
Researchers at KIST identified degradation factors causing rapid capacity degradation and shortened lifespan in all-solid-state batteries. The team found that cracking of the cathode material, irreversible phase transformation, and lithium consumption contribute to overall cell capacity reduction.
Astronomers discover star S0-6 with chemical composition similar to small galaxies outside Milky Way, suggesting extragalactic origin. The star, 10 billion years old, has traveled over 50,000 light-years from its birthplace to reach vicinity of Sagittarius A*, raising questions about its past and possible companions.
Researchers have discovered a new source of antimicrobial compounds in ice cores, which could help combat the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance. The study employs bioprospecting and synthetic biology techniques to unearth unique compounds from these biological time capsules.
Researchers developed an all-inorganic nano-heterostructure luminant with enhanced sensitivity, stability, and efficiency, paving the way for multifunctional optical control devices. The 0D/2D configuration enables polarized blue fluorescence and multifunctional capabilities.
Advancing towards sustainable 3G technologies in CO2 utilization, researchers focus on enhancing C1 fixation efficiency and productivity of desired compounds. Chemo-bio hybrid systems leveraging electricity and light offer emerging strategies to overcome challenges.
A new bottom-up approach to genome synthesis in multicellular plants is proposed using the model moss Physcomitrium patens. The study discusses challenges such as genome assembly and plant transformation, highlighting recent breakthroughs and limitations that must be overcome for wider application.
Researchers have developed a needle-free ultrasound vaccine delivery technique that produces a higher immune response than traditional methods. By harnessing acoustic energy to clear passages and drive drug molecules into cells, the approach shows promise in reducing costs and increasing efficacy while minimizing risks.
Scientists at National University of Singapore developed a hybrid generative machine learning model to explore structural disorders in complex materials. The model unveiled pathways to material disorder, shedding light on factors affecting piezoelectric response. It also found evidence that domain boundaries maximize entropy.
Research found that being overweight hampers the body's immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, leading to reduced antibody levels and activity. However, vaccination offered protection against COVID-19. The study suggests personalized recommendations for overweight individuals to ensure better COVID-19 management.
Researchers created a unique dataset from flying discs, enabling students to learn basic signal processing tools and data visualization techniques. The experiment uses Doppler shift to determine velocity, providing valuable insights into acoustics.
Adding immunotherapy atezolizumab to chemotherapy and bevacizumab improved overall survival by 32.1 months compared to 22.8 months with standard therapy alone. The two-year survival rate was also higher, with 60% in patients treated with the experimental combination.
Researchers discovered a novel family of effector proteins called Cami1 that inhibit translation in bacteria attacked by viruses. By cleaving specific mRNAs, Cami1 prevents the production of viral proteins, allowing the bacterium to conserve resources.
A study from Boston University School of Medicine identifies pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) as a critical player in heavy alcohol consumption. PACAP's action in the brain's bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) region is found to be linked to increased stress responses and excessive drinking behavior.
A new study published in Cannabis and Cannabinoids Research found that 12% of people aged 50-80 have consumed a THC-containing substance in the past year. Those who drink alcohol at risky levels have a higher rate of cannabis use, highlighting the need for education and screening for older adults.
Pre-modern states faced a steeply increasing risk of collapse within two centuries after formation, driven by environmental degradation, economic inequality, and other internal mechanisms. The research highlights the need to understand these internal processes that contribute to state demise.
ChromoSense uses a translucent rubber cylinder with colored sections to detect changes in bending, stretching, compression, and temperature. The device has potential applications in wearable technologies and soft robots, offering a more targeted and information-dense sensing solution than traditional camera-based systems.
Researchers at Fralin Biomedical Research Institute present comprehensive findings from the Abecedarian Project on early childhood education and development. The study, spanning five decades, shows that coordinated education, healthcare, and social services can improve community quality of life and attract businesses.
Researchers at ADA Forsyth have discovered the regenerative properties of Resolvins, specifically RvE1, which promotes pulp regeneration and reduces bacterial invasion in dental pulp. The technology has far-reaching potential for regenerative medicine beyond oral health, including growing bones in other parts of the body.
Researchers from Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University developed a system to assess water quality challenges in Suzhou, China. The study found that the city's water capacity has increased since 2001 due to effective water management measures.
A study published in Science Advances found that abnormal cell stress in the placenta's syncytiotrophoblast layer may lead to preeclampsia. Researchers also developed a mouse model to demonstrate the effects of this stress, showing similar signs of high blood pressure and kidney damage.
Researchers surveyed 690 people with spinal cord injury to understand their residential mobility patterns. They found that those who moved were younger, healthier, and less advantaged socioeconomically, often moving due to accessibility issues or housing quality.
Researchers found that prenatal vitamins provided short-term benefits, while postnatal vitamins offered sustained impacts on breast milk B-12 adequacy. Both types of supplements supported healthy growth and development in infants.
Researchers have identified 'backbones' in HLA complexes that link to peptide-centric CARs, allowing for targeted therapies across different variants and tumor types. This breakthrough enables the design of more efficient CAR therapies for a broader range of patients with complex and difficult-to-treat cancers.
Researchers discovered that prion protein and copper form sticky droplets under oxidative stress, leading to abnormal solid formation. The study highlights the biological significance of liquid-liquid phase separation in regulating copper homeostasis by PrP.
LMU researchers create a two-dimensional supercrystal that generates hydrogen from formic acid using sunlight, holding the world record for green hydrogen production. The material uses plasmonic nanostructures to concentrate solar energy and convert it into high-energy electrons.
A comprehensive study finds that continuous antiviral therapy significantly reduces the risk of liver nodules and cirrhosis in HBeAg-negative CHB patients. Patients with high HBV DNA levels also show a significant decrease in liver cirrhosis risk with ongoing treatment.
Researchers at Indiana University discovered that pathogens can apply physical forces during entry into host cells, evading degradation and surviving intracellularly. This finding suggests targeting pathogen movement may be a new way to combat infection inside cells.
A recent study published in Circulation: Genomic and Precision Medicine reveals that genetics significantly contribute to the sex differences in hypertension development. The research found that females with high genetic risk scores had a higher risk of hypertension compared to males, while low-risk females had a lower risk than males.
Researchers from Universities of Bonn and St. Andrews propose an alternative theory of gravity as the cause of the discrepancy in measured values of the Hubble-Lemaitre constant. This 'modified Newtonian dynamics' (MOND) theory predicts the existence of regions with lower matter density, which would explain the observed deviations.
The Cre-LoxP system's specificity is compromised due to non-specific promoters driving Cre expression, leading to inaccurate results. This limitation requires careful consideration for proper interpretation of experimental outcomes.
Researchers used machine learning and mobile mapping systems to analyze the town of Sabbioneta's streets and pavements, identifying accessible trajectories and paths for citizens with motor disabilities. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of AI in assessing physical accessibility in historic urban contexts.
A study of 170 COVID-19 patients with severe ARDS found that prone positioning compared to supine positioning did not significantly reduce the time to successful weaning from ECMO. The study suggests that other factors may influence ECMO weaning outcomes.