A study of 37,000 pediatric head and neck cancer patients found significant decreases in care receipt and survival time with increasing social determinants of health vulnerability. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to address social vulnerabilities in pediatric cancer care.
Researchers developed a testing model to understand cognitive challenges of superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD), a rare condition causing sound-induced dizziness and hearing abnormalities. The Mongolian gerbil model shows promise for accelerating recovery with reversible diagnostic findings characteristic of patients with SSCD.
Researchers developed an open-microfluidic 3D blood-brain barrier model to study the complex structure and function of the barrier. The model allows for simultaneous measurement of permeability and morphological changes, providing new insights into how the barrier responds to injuries and diseases.
The study demonstrates a new approach to boost molecular diffusion by constructing hierarchical Murray zeolites, which exhibit highly ordered and fully interconnected macro-meso-microporous structures. This leads to improved mass transfer of bulky molecules, resulting in enhanced catalytic performance.
Researchers discovered that poly-β-hydroxybutyrate enhances the differentiation of sulfomucin, a key protein in treating diarrhea and colitis. PHB facilitates Lactobacillus johnsonii biofilm formation, promoting probiotic proliferation and alleviating inflammation.
A new pumping strategy has been developed to slash energy costs of fluid transport by up to 22%. By switching pumps on and off, turbulent flows can be reduced, resulting in more efficient fluid transport. This approach could bring significant economic and environmental benefits, particularly for the transition to green energy.
A recent study analyzing 177 mass shooters found that social isolation was the most important external indicator leading up to attacks. The researchers suggest that addressing social isolation could be an ideal target for interventions at both individual and societal levels.
A recent study finds a strong association between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and an increased risk of coronary artery disease and stroke. The study suggests that hypertensive disorders in pregnancy can be classified as risk factors for cardiovascular disease, highlighting the importance of prenatal care.
A study found that vaccinated people are less likely to have opportunistic pathogens in their nose and throat, and also experience milder symptoms of COVID-19. This is attributed to the presence of transcriptionally active nasopharyngeal commensals, which play a key role in defining mild symptoms.
Researchers at NIH's National Human Genome Research Institute identified a gene, KTD1, that provides resistance to the K28 toxin in yeast. This discovery sheds light on the molecular mechanisms underlying toxin resistance and has implications for understanding human toxin resistance.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University have identified new antioxidants in meat, including beef, chicken, and pork, which show high antioxidant activity. These discoveries were made using a highly sensitive detection method, enabling the quantification of these compounds in living organisms.
A new study found that stroke patients experience a daily rhythm in cerebral blood flow regulation, with greater regulation during afternoon hours compared to morning and night times. This discovery may improve health outcomes by guiding daily activity and personal care during stroke recovery.
A systematic review published in Topics in SCI Rehabilitation suggests that indwelling catheters do not increase the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) compared to intermittent catheterization. The review found that only three studies reported significantly higher UTI rates with indwelling catheters, but all three had critical flaws.
Researchers found that patients undergoing polysomnographies experienced longer REM sleep in winter than summer, but less deep sleep in autumn. The study suggests that humans may need more winter sleep to adapt to seasonal changes.
A study by the University of Antwerp and University of Liège found that prolonged microgravity affects human cerebral connectivity, with some changes persisting even after returning to Earth. The research used MRI data from 14 astronaut brains before and after their space missions.
Pharmacokinetic analysis reveals Omomyc's lasting anti-cancer effects, with structural integrity persisting in tumor tissue for at least 72 hours. This finding is significant for clinical trials evaluating Omomyc as a MYC inhibitor.
Researchers at Tokyo Tech developed a novel architecture that reduces jitter and boosts performance in electronic devices. The non-uniform OSPLL increases loop bandwidth by 60 times, minimizing jitters and reducing power consumption.
Carolina researchers have engineered silicon nanowires that can convert sunlight into electricity, splitting water into oxygen and hydrogen gas. This innovative design enables the production of a greener alternative to fossil fuels, making it more competitive with traditional energy sources.
A new study suggests that even moderate amounts of alcohol can accelerate brain atrophy and increase amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease. Researchers found that chronic drinking altered healthy brain function and behavior, potentially setting the stage for increased plaque proliferation.
Researchers have developed a chloride-free salt mixture that can melt snow and ice on roads for seven to eight years. The new asphalt additive, made from waste products and polymers, provides effective winter road safety without the downsides of traditional salt-based solutions.
A team of researchers has developed a new method to screen FDA-approved drugs to determine if they could be repurposed or improved to help patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 5 (SCA5), a rare and debilitating disease. The pipeline uses cutting-edge spectroscopy to examine the interaction between mutant β-III-spectrin and actin, i...
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have discovered a frictional phenomenon that governs how quickly faults heal after an earthquake. This discovery could help scientists understand when and how violently faults move, providing valuable new insights into the causes and potential for large earthquakes.
Scientists have developed a simulation environment to test multistage attack scenarios using deep reinforcement learning, achieving success rates of up to 95% in stopping cyberattacks. The AI-powered approach offers promise for proactive cyber defense and the ability to detect changes in the cyber landscape earlier.
Researchers at MIT have developed a membrane-free electrochemical process to remove carbon dioxide from seawater, potentially reversing ocean acidification. The system could be integrated with existing desalination plants or ships to help mitigate emissions.
Researchers examined three epigenetic age acceleration measurements and found inverse associations with lung cancer risk in men and younger participants. However, these findings did not support a positive association between epigenetic age measures and lung cancer risk in the study.
Scientists have discovered a new virus that can kill antibiotic-resistant bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The virus, named Fyn8, was found in local creeks near the University of Southern Denmark campus and has been fully sequenced.
UC San Diego researchers study smallest dust particles in interstellar medium using JWST, gaining insights into star formation and ISM physics. High-resolution images reveal details of gas filaments and 'bubbles' blown by newly formed stars.
A team of researchers from the University of Minnesota Medical School identified approximately 100 genes associated with fat deposition in women. One gene, SNX10, was found to be strongly associated with cholesterol and triglycerides, which has implications for cardiovascular health.
Researchers at City University of Hong Kong develop a self-charging electrostatic face mask that can continuously replenish its electrostatic charge through the user's breathing. The mask provides high-efficiency airborne particle removal with 95.8% effectiveness after 60 hours of testing.
A study found that immediate reductions in child abuse and neglect-related emergency department visits occurred after the disbursement of expanded child tax credit payments. The results suggest that making the temporary expansion permanent could lead to improved child welfare outcomes.
Kyoto University researchers have created a map comparing circuit structure with neural activity in mammals, revealing a new mechanism behind visual cortex activities. This discovery sheds light on the hidden connections between neurons and could provide directions for constructing power-efficient deep neural networks.
The Strategically Focused Research Network on Obesity has published its findings, revealing new information about the causes of obesity and its link to cardiovascular disease. The research team made significant strides in understanding the interface between obesity and cardiovascular disease, including the role of a specific drug target.
Researchers have discovered that cancer patients who don't respond to immunotherapy often lack CD5+ dendritic cells, which are essential for effective T cell activity. Boosting these cells may help more patients benefit from immunotherapy.
Researchers confirmed the first cases of canine distemper virus in tigers and leopards in Nepal, which can cause fatal neurological disease. The study found that 11% of tigers and 30% of leopards had antibodies to CDV, indicating prior infection with the virus.
Researchers from the Infection Biology Laboratory have identified XCR1+ cross-presenting dendritic cells as crucial for reactivating exhausted lymphocytes and controlling chronic viral infections. The study suggests that these dendritic cells can be a promising therapeutic target to improve virus control.
A new study by Oxford University Press USA found that watching nature documentaries, such as BBC's Green Planet, increases public awareness of plants and their importance. The researchers measured online behavior and found a significant effect on viewers' interest in portrayed plant species.
A team of researchers from Peking University's College of Future Technology has identified a DddA homolog from Simiaoa sunii that can efficiently deaminate cytosine in double-stranded DNA. This discovery expands the sequence compatibility of mitochondrial base editors, enabling efficient and highly specific editing.
A recent study published in JAMA Oncology found that Black women with early-stage, estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer are more likely to experience higher mortality rates due to both social determinants of health and tumor biology. The research analyzed data from 60,137 women between 2004-2015 and discovered that these factors co...
Researchers have identified a unique gas cloud, nicknamed the Tadpole, revolving around a massive black hole 100,000 times more massive than the Sun. The team used advanced telescopes to detect the unusual cloud's curved shape and motion, suggesting it is being stretched by gravitational forces.
A Penn State-led research team found that language models can plagiarize content in three ways: verbatim, paraphrase, and idea reuse. The study highlights the need for more research into text generators and their potential ethical implications.
Researchers at NUS Cancer Science Institute discover FAM3C in tumor-derived extracellular vesicles promotes distant lung tumour colonization. FAM3C enhances cellular transformation and stimulates metastasis potential, offering new therapeutic strategy targets.
Researchers identified 91 genes associated with fat distribution in women, which may lead to metabolic health issues. The study found that a specific gene, SNX10, is linked to higher waist-to-hip ratios and cardiovascular disease risk in women.
A new neural network method has been developed to measure the 3D distance between two differently-colored spots in microscopic samples. This approach combines PSF engineering with machine learning to overcome accuracy limitations due to diffraction and provides accurate measurements for studying cellular processes.
Researchers found that an immersive virtual reality (IVR) intervention significantly improved pain and anxiety in pediatric patients undergoing a blood draw. The IVR group showed better outcomes compared to the control group.
Researchers at University of Gothenburg developed AI method using graph theory and neural networks to analyze cell movement, enabling better understanding of biological processes and development of new medical technologies. The method can reconstruct cell paths and test medication effectiveness as potential cancer treatments.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have developed a new ultrafast water disinfection method that uses locally enhanced electric field treatment, killing bacteria with nanosecond pulses. This technology reduces energy consumption by eight times and shortens treatment time by 1 million times, making it an affordable sanitatio...
Researchers at IQAC-CSIC have developed light-controlled drugs that can be activated by external light to target cancer cells more effectively. These photosensitive molecules inhibit histone deacetylase enzymes and show promising results in treating various types of cancer.
A novel method has been developed to produce platinum-based alloy nanoparticles for efficient hydrogen fuel cells. The nanocatalysts exhibit enhanced power performance and stability, with high specific rated power of 5.9 kW/g Pt, surpassing 2025 targets set by the U.S. Department of Energy.
A study of 81,000 UK Biobank participants found that increased moderate to vigorous physical activity can reduce healthcare burdens and improve quality of life. Higher physical activity levels were associated with a lower risk of hospitalization for various health conditions.
Researchers have successfully converted pluripotent stem cells into hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells using optimized transcription factors. The resulting PSC-derived cells generated all types of white blood cells in mice without giving rise to tumors or leukemias, suggesting a promising future for PSC-based transplant therapies.
Researchers have identified functional networks responsible for generating seizures in children with epilepsy. The new method uses noninvasive techniques and advanced computational methods to measure electric and magnetic signals generated by neural cells.
A study by Carnegie Mellon University researcher Edson Severnini found that large-scale hydroelectric dams constructed in the US before 1950 spurred short- and long-term growth, while those built after 1950 had modest effects on local economies. The decline is attributed to advancements in high-tension transmission lines.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine investigated neural crest cell development to better comprehend and treat craniofacial birth defects. They discovered that changes in chromatin accessibility are regulated by the miR-302 microRNA family, which can be used to generate healthy cells for regenerating craniofacial defects.
Researchers examine ultralow frictional healing and slow slip events along the Hikurangi tectonic plate boundary, shedding light on seismic hazards and tsunamis. The study aims to improve early warning systems and monitor events using data from monitoring sites in the trench.
A team of scientists developed a new method to distinguish between correlated and independent magnetic fields detected by multiple quantum sensors. This technique uses sophisticated computation and signal-processing techniques, enabling the detection of subtle relationships between microscopic magnetic fields.
Hydrated electrons play a significant role in various processes, and researchers have observed their effect on the water solution. The study reveals that the electron causes a 'water quake' or 'tsunami,' which is caused by sudden charge separation during its formation.
Researchers found that interactive simulation formats were more effective than conventional text-based formats in convincing vaccine-hesitant adults to get vaccinated. The study suggests that interactive simulations can boost people's decision-making competence, leading to positive changes in vaccination intentions and benefit-to-harm ...
The Brain Canada Foundation and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research have invested $663,000 in two groundbreaking projects: REBALANCE and HiCALS. REBALANCE explores focused ultrasound as a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease, while HiCALS investigates the link between high-fat diets and ALS survival.
Tactile Engineering's Cadence tablet allows users to access technical diagrams and read equations using a refreshable display of electronic cells. The investment will enable the company to manufacture Cadence in larger quantities, supporting its mission to strengthen Braille literacy and equal-opportunity STEM education.
Researchers from HKU identified a protein called menin as the 'reader' of H3K79me2, a histone mark associated with cancer. They used a novel chemical approach to capture menin and visualized its interaction using cryo-electron microscopy.