Researchers used a new method to study PFAS's impact on immune cells, finding that they significantly reduced T-cell activity and impaired the function of certain immune cells. This could lead to increased susceptibility to infections and reduced antibody production after vaccinations.
A clinical trial found that hydroxyapatite toothpaste is equally effective in preventing cavities as fluoride toothpaste. The study involved 189 adults who used either hydroxyapatite or fluoride toothpaste for 18 months, with no significant difference in efficacy between the two groups.
Researchers propose employing freshwater delivery techniques from inland wetlands to mitigate coastal salinification. Alternative water sources like treated effluent and stormwater may support riparian ecosystems in urban settings. Techniques can help restore function and resilience in the face of climate change.
Researchers at Indiana University have identified a new method to reverse the effects of fentanyl, which is 50 to 100 times stronger than morphine. Cannabidiol, or CBD, was found to behave as a negative allosteric modulator at the binding site, successfully reversing fentanyl effects in in vitro tests.
Researchers found that individuals with heroin use disorder exhibited a bias towards processing drug cues, while healthy controls showed the opposite pattern. This suggests that efforts to downregulate responses to drug cues may come at the cost of amplifying responses to natural rewards.
A study found that Japanese beetles are likely to thrive in southeastern Washington and could spread throughout the region from Yakima to the Tri-Cities and north past Moses Lake. The beetles' potential dispersion is influenced by factors such as human activity and suitable habitat.
A Nagoya University research team discovered two distinct thermosensory pathways in the brain that transmit temperature information to different areas of the forebrain. Blocking one pathway was found to impair a rat's ability to avoid heat, while blocking another impaired its ability to avoid cold.
Researchers at MUSC have identified a potential novel biomarker for sepsis, which can be predicted by the contents of extracellular vesicles in the bloodstream. This discovery could lead to more accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies for sepsis patients.
Researchers at the University of Washington created a web app aimed to help children develop skills like self-awareness and emotional management. After speaking with the app for a week, most children could explain the concept of supportive self-talk and apply it in their daily lives.
New research from University of Southern Denmark warns that flooding low-lying areas with freshwater can lead to higher greenhouse gas emissions than using saltwater. Standing water is particularly problematic, as it allows methane-producing bacteria to thrive and emit significant amounts of methane into the atmosphere.
A team from Ames National Laboratory solved the structure of boron monoxide, a compound first discovered in the 1940s, using new nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods and techniques. The researchers found that the material forms nanosheets with a turbostratic arrangement.
The study found that relatives have an important role in home hospitals, providing emotional support and guidance during the treatment process. Relatives reported conflicting feelings about being involved, but ultimately felt satisfied with the experience and would contribute again if needed.
A study of over 100,000 participants found that eating breakfast late may increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The research suggests that a first meal before 8 am and an early dinner may help reduce this risk.
A study by University of Copenhagen researchers challenges a 70-year-old assumption about the origins of life on Earth. They found that oxygen concentrations in ancient ocean samples were 5-10 times lower than today, contradicting previous theories that increased oxygen levels drove the evolution of more complex marine organisms.
Researchers analyzed genes and conducted family studies, discovering mutations in the DHX9 gene disrupting its normal function. The study supports that variations of DHX9 underlie human neurodevelopmental disorders and neuropathy.
New research shows certain coral species can survive climate change without suffering reduced growth or other tradeoffs when partnering with thermally tolerant algae. This finding suggests these partnerships may dominate reef ecosystems in a climate-changed future.
A recent study led by Dr. Iva Franić emphasizes the importance of protecting forest ecosystems from non-native pests in the face of rising temperatures. The research found that climatic factors, phylogenetic distance, and geographic distance play a significant role in shaping tree-associated communities.
A new academic paper from Rice University and Texas A\(M g University found that interracial relationships do not necessarily end discriminatory tendencies among individuals, even those in romantic partnerships. Researchers examined existing research on close interracial relationships to see how they impacted overall attitudes about ra...
Researchers discovered two new cholera sublineages in a refugee population in southern Bangladesh, highlighting the importance of mass vaccination. The study used genomic surveillance to track the strains and showed that the vaccine intervention was crucial in preventing an epidemic.
Evan Lowder at George Mason University received funding for the Indiana Justice Reinvestment Advisory Council Racial Equity Project. The project aims to understand criminal-legal decision points contributing to racially disparate outcomes and inform data collection efforts.
The study identified significant differences in antibiotic resistance trends and associated factors depending on bacterial species and antibiotic resistance to certain antibiotics. High health system quality was linked to low levels of resistance, while high temperatures were associated with increased resistance in Enterobacteriaceae.
Researchers at the Indian Institute of Science have discovered picolinic acid's ability to disrupt viral entry into host cells, blocking enveloped viruses like SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A viruses. The compound targets a host-derived component of the virus, causing permanent damage while minimizing effects on the host cell.
A combination of far UVC and blue LED light has been shown to be effective in inactivating a wide range of microorganisms, including antibiotic-resistant ESBL-Ec bacteria. The coupling of these two light wavelengths increases their effectiveness through different mechanisms of microorganism inactivation.
Researchers at UC Berkeley found that people's perception of value is heavily influenced by their personal goals and the context in which a decision is made. The study suggests that achieving a goal is crucial to decision-making, with potential applications in policy changes, financial decisions, education, and therapeutic strategies.
Researchers have identified the molecular mechanisms underlying gastric carcinogenesis induced by H. pylori infections, highlighting the disruption of the Wnt/PCP signaling pathway. This study provides insights into the potential target for clinical interventions against H. pylori cagA+ infections.
A new UCLA Health study analyzed genetic data from 36,000 patients to identify disease risks and healthcare utilization among ancestrally diverse groups in the Los Angeles region. The research found substantial differences in diagnoses, hospital utilization, and genetic disease rates across clusters linked by shared genetic ancestry.
The USPSTF recommends against routine screening for lipid disorders in children and adolescents under 20 years old, citing insufficient evidence. This recommendation is consistent with its 2016 guidelines for preventive care services.
CEPI and HMRI collaborate to leverage AI technology for faster vaccine development. The partnership aims to identify epitopes that stimulate the immune system, enabling swift clinical testing.
Researchers developed an AI algorithm to predict the properties of new 2D materials with point defects, achieving 3.7 times greater accuracy than other machine learning algorithms. The model operates 1000 times faster than quantum mechanical computations and can handle multiple defects simultaneously.
Massachusetts General Hospital researchers discovered that concentrating moderate-to-vigorous physical activity into one to two days per week, or the
A rare fossil discovered in China's Liaoning Province reveals a dramatic moment when a carnivorous mammal attacked a plant-eating dinosaur, challenging the view that dinosaurs had few threats from their mammal contemporaries. The well-preserved fossil shows the mammal gripping the jaw of the larger dinosaur and biting into its ribs.
A new research programme called Prevail teaches employees evidence-based psychological techniques to manage mental health conditions, reducing stigma and sick days. The study found a 22% drop in recorded sick days among staff at the DVLA after implementing the programme.
Designers created bespoke hospital scrubs and 3D-printed chill out pods to reduce stress and improve workplace mental health. The project, funded by WorkWell Mental Health Improvement Fund, aims to create safe environments for healthcare workers.
Lancaster University researchers have developed a novel scanning thermal microscopy approach to directly measure the heat conductivity of two-dimensional materials. This breakthrough enables the creation of efficient waste heat scavengers generating cheap electricity, new compact fridges, and advanced optical and microwave sensors and ...
Research reveals non-native English speakers need up to twice as much time to read and write papers, with 2.5 times higher rejection rates for papers written in English. This disproportionately affects early career stage researchers from lower income countries.
Research discovered lipids concentrate on graphene oxide in cell membrane models, revealing a mechanism for lipid domain formation. The findings have implications for concentrating and separating lipids and membrane proteins, essential for medicine and drug discovery.
Researchers found that mannose inhibits the growth of certain types of cancer cells, making them more vulnerable to chemotherapy. Mannose has been shown to trigger 'honeybee syndrome' in these cells, which impairs DNA synthesis and replication.
Researchers confirm termites as cause of Namib Desert fairy circles, refuting the self-regulation hypothesis. The study found that sand termites eliminate plants in sandy soils, enabling long-lasting water storage after infrequent rainfall.
Researchers at Vienna University of Technology have developed a measurement method to detect individual nanoplastic particles, orders of magnitude faster than previous techniques. The new technique uses Raman scattering and an extremely fine gold grid to amplify the light signal, allowing for rapid detection even at low concentrations.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai have identified two disease-associated changes to the cornea in diabetes patients that delay wound healing. The study proposes three therapeutic pathways that reversed these changes and partially restored wound-healing function, offering new potential treatments for diabetes.
Researchers found that replacing forage fish with formulated diets increased crude protein content in largemouth bass muscles, while also altering fiber characteristics. The study suggests that this dietary shift can improve the nutritional aspects and meat quality of largemouth bass.
The Brazilian coast, particularly in South and Southeast regions, is experiencing increasingly extreme surface air temperatures and more frequent swings from heat to cold. Biodiversity and public health are affected, with rising mortality rates among animals and humans.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory researchers reconstructed crude oil transport paths by linking geotagged images with national railway networks. The study found that these inferred routes aligned with approximately 96% of documented incidents, highlighting potential risks along rail routes.
Researchers study the impact of climate change on bird populations in fragmented forests, assessing effects of microclimate variation and temperature changes on survival and reproduction. The team analyzes dietary specialization, stress, and behavioral adaptations to understand how these factors affect bird demographic responses.
Scientists have developed a vaccine candidate that protects children from Meningococcal group B (MenB), which can lead to severe infections like meningitis and sepsis. The vaccine uses an existing platform to produce a protective protein, showing strong and long-lasting protection in mice.
Researchers at NUS developed a mathematical formula to predict the fraction of cells with a unique oncogenic combination linked to low survival rates in DLBCL patients. This combination involves high MYC and BCL2 positivity, but negative BCL6 expression, suggesting BCL6 plays a protective role.
Millimeter-sized droplets can be levitated for long periods using solutocapillary convection within a pool of silicone liquid, allowing researchers to study the activity of viruses and microorganisms in airborne aerosols. This phenomenon has potential applications in microbiology and biochemistry.
Researchers at the University of Montreal found that movement circuits in mice brains are insensitive to dopamine levels, contradicting initial hypotheses. This discovery could lead to new approaches to reduce Parkinson's disease symptoms by identifying mechanisms involved in dopamine secretion.
Researchers developed bio-piezoelectric smart scaffolds for next-generation bone tissue engineering, demonstrating potential for clinical applications. The scaffolds can reconstruct desired tissue EM through non-invasive ultrasonic stimulation, promoting cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation.
A new study led by Indiana University School of Medicine researchers shows that primary care clinicians who receive specialized training can make accurate autism diagnoses for over 80 percent of young children referred with developmental delays. The EAE Hub system, a statewide network providing training and collaborative learning, has ...
Researchers found that lack of trust and information hindered conservation efforts, while agronomists played a crucial role. To save remnant native habitats, farmers must be empowered as leaders, supported by government agencies.
A recent study by Florida Atlantic University reveals that sewage is the primary cause of nitrogen surges in the Indian River Lagoon, contradicting previous findings that fertilizer use was the main contributor. The study found that water quality and harmful algal blooms worsened after five years of mandatory wet season fertilizer blac...
The Biodiversity Knowledge Hub (BKH) is a one-stop portal providing access to FAIR biodiversity data and services. It enables researchers to navigate linked data, tools, and services across the entire biodiversity research cycle.
A multimodal prenatal health care model combining in-office and telemedicine visits performed adequately compared with traditional in-office only prenatal health care, supporting its continued use after the pandemic. The study of 151,000 pregnant individuals found similar health outcomes for both models.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center will compare the effectiveness of ketamine and etomidate in critically ill adults undergoing tracheal intubation. The study aims to determine which medication helps patients survive or prevents symptoms of PTSD.
Researchers at Northwestern University discovered that antipsychotic drugs interact with a different neuron type than scientists originally believed, which could lead to better treatments for schizophrenia. The study's findings suggest that the effect of antipsychotics on dopamine receptors has little bearing on their efficacy in humans.
The BepiColombo mission has successfully observed how electrons raining down on Mercury's surface can trigger high-energy auroras. The observations confirm that the mechanism generating aurorae is the same throughout the Solar System.
A McMaster-led research study found that a virtual rehabilitation program for seniors with frailty was highly adhered to and showed improvements in mobility and quality of life. The study's results suggest that virtually delivered care is an alternative to in-person programs, potentially helping prevent decline in bodily functions.
A $7 million PCORI-funded study will examine the effectiveness of supervised and unsupervised exercise-and-diet interventions in pairs of older cancer patients and their caregivers. The five-year study aims to improve mental and physical functioning as well as physical activity and diet.
The team created a thermocell using a hydrogel that reacted to temperature changes, converting latent heat into electricity. This breakthrough supports the idea that various materials can be used for thermoelectric conversion, potentially reducing reliance on other energy sources and improving cooling systems.