A study by University of Vienna researchers clarifies cycads' origin and geographic distribution, revealing a dynamic evolutionary history with key lineages becoming extinct or spreading. The findings provide valuable insights into biodiversity research and have implications for conservation efforts.
The NHS struggles to address ethnic inequalities in healthcare until better ethnicity data is available. Analysis reveals stark disparities across various measures, including stillbirths, infant mortality, and mental health outcomes.
Researchers have developed panels of protein biomarkers that distinguish healthy hips from those with developmental dysplasia of the hip. These biomarkers show high sensitivity and specificity in detecting hip dysplasia, offering a potential tool for early diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers analyzed PFAS levels in fish food and organisms used in aquatic laboratory experiments. They found significant contamination across different types of food and aquaculture practices, recommending pre-testing for all feeds and organisms.
State policies expansion telehealth services mental health facilities, with lower growth counties Black residents and Medicaid acceptance. Despite growth, disparities access care persisted during COVID-19 pandemic.
A West Virginia University study found that over half of surveyed faith community nurses and leaders reported moderate-to-high stress and compassion fatigue. The researchers recommend team-based approaches to support these individuals, emphasizing the importance of recognizing burnout and promoting self-care.
A multinational study identified immune resilience as a critical factor influencing life span, HIV/AIDS, flu, sepsis mortality, recurrent skin cancer, and COVID-19 mortality. Individuals with optimal levels of immune resilience were more likely to resist infections and recover from inflammatory stressors.
A research team has developed an organic redox polymer that surpasses the capacity of graphite, enabling aluminium-ion batteries to store up to 167 milliampere hours per gram. The battery retains 88% of its capacity after 5,000 charge cycles at 10 C.
Scientists from USTC and their collaborators achieve a record-breaking point-to-point long-distance quantum key distribution of 1002 km using the twin-field QKD (TF-QKD) protocol. The achievement demonstrates the feasibility of TF-QKD at extremely long distances, enabling high-speed intercity quantum communication networks.
Research found that microplastics can increase sand temperature, potentially altering sea turtle sex ratios and hatchling success. Concentrations of up to 30% microplastic had the greatest impact, with temperatures rising by 0.58 degrees Celsius.
A new study in PLOS Biology found that specific brain cells, R2 and R4 neurons, are activated when flies encounter dead flies, leading to faster aging. This increased activity is linked to the serotonin receptor 5-HT2A, which can potentially be targeted for slowing down human aging.
A new study found that pregnancy causes a shift in the types of immune cells present in a woman's blood, with neutrophils increasing dramatically. This discovery provides a 'normal reference' for studying immune changes during pregnancy and may have implications for understanding diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
A recent study published in Regional Studies found that California's Cap and Trade Programme does not achieve its goal of reducing carbon emissions while allowing for economic growth. The researchers compared county-level economic growth and emissions data with neighboring states and found no significant differences, indicating a poten...
A study using digital reconstructions of Australopithecus afarensis muscles suggests that the 3.2 million-year-old 'Lucy' hominin could walk upright as efficiently as modern humans. The research, published in Royal Society Open Science, used open-source data on Lucy's fossil to create a detailed model of her lower body muscle structure.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open analyzed emoji use among hospitalists and found that emojis do not cause confusion or affect professionalism. The researchers analyzed thousands of lines of messages and discovered that emojis often serve a linguistic role, adding new information to the conversation.
A new study reveals that only one in four adolescent residential treatment centers across the US provides buprenorphine, a proven tool in fighting opioid addiction. The lack of access to this medication undercuts US efforts to alleviate the overdose epidemic, which claimed over 109,000 lives in 2022.
Scientists at POSTECH successfully grow two-dimensional molecular crystals, demonstrating control over exciton interactions. The findings could enable various applications in organic semiconductors and solar power generation.
A study by academics at the University of Cambridge found that lockdown children continued to play, adapting their habits to their changed circumstances. Despite limited options, children displayed positivity, confidence, and optimism about playing, with play persisting as a feature of their lives during the pandemic.
VIRTUOSO, developed by Dr. Hyunkook Lee from the University of Huddersfield's Applied Psychoacoustics Lab, enables immersive 3D audio without loudspeakers through binaural technology powered by ASPEN. This technology simulates the ambience and reflections found in a room with headphones, allowing for accurate translation to real speakers.
USC researchers warn that overpayments to Medicare Advantage plans now exceed 20 percent or $75 billion annually due to favorable selection of beneficiaries with lower spending. The study highlights the urgent need for reform to improve the relationship between FFS expenditures and Medicare Advantage payments.
Researchers have made significant progress in reprogramming cells to supply the ribosome with building blocks other than alpha-amino acids. The ultimate goal is to make the translation system fully programmable, allowing for the production of an unlimited variety of new molecular chains with unique properties.
A study from the University of Illinois analyzed 7,839 US meat processing plants to identify factors associated with plant survival. Small and medium-sized plants were more likely to fail than large plants, while business diversification played a critical role in small plant survival.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that higher levels of diglycerides and triglycerides are associated with an increased risk of primary open-angle glaucoma. The research suggests that these lipid metabolites play a role in the disease's pathogenesis, highlighting potential new targets for prevention or treatment.
A machine-learning study has found that individual characteristics, including age and weight, determine which drug combinations most effectively reduce COVID-19 recurrence rates. The study used real-world data from a hospital in China and identified unique treatment combinations for different demographic groups.
Research by the University of Sussex reveals that white light makes it harder for male common glow-worms to find glowing females, potentially disastrous consequences for global glow-worm populations. Male glow-worms spend more time in the bottom part of the maze without moving towards a female when dazzled by white light.
Professor Lapointe suggests treating certain types of wastewater with passive, modular, and decentralized solutions, reducing techno-economic barriers. These solutions include bioretention cells, aggregate-decant systems, and seepage areas through functionalized soils.
A team of researchers uncovered that the Neolithic Revolution in North Africa was a result of complex genetic and cultural exchange between European farmers and native hunter-gatherers. This discovery suggests that biological diversity played a key role in the success of Neolithization in the region.
Researchers reveal alternative locomotion methods used by extinct kangaroos, including striding on two legs and traversing on all fours. These findings suggest that large-bodied kangaroos were not only specialized in endurance-hopping but also had diverse gaits.
Scientists at the Stowers Institute for Medical Research have uncovered the structure of the first step in amyloid formation for Huntington's disease. The team proposes a new method for treating not only Huntington's but potentially dozens of other amyloid-associated diseases by preventing the initial, rate-limiting step from occurring.
A study published in The BMJ found that women diagnosed with early stage breast cancer today can expect to become long term cancer survivors. The average risk of dying from breast cancer in the five years after a diagnosis has fallen from 14% to 5% since the 1990s.
A new study found that elevated Lipoprotein(a) levels are a significant predictor of recurrent coronary heart disease (CHD) in people over 60. The study suggests current cholesterol-lowering medications may not be effective in reducing the risk of recurrent CHD, highlighting the need for novel therapeutics to target elevated Lp(a).
A nationwide Danish study found that both men and women with migraine have a similarly increased risk of ischemic stroke. Women with migraine may also have a slightly higher risk of heart attack and hemorrhagic stroke compared to men and the general population.
New research confirms that adhering to global Cancer Prevention Recommendations lowers cancer risk, particularly for breast, bowel, and lung cancers. The study found a 12% lower risk of bowel cancer, an 11% reduction in breast cancer risk, and an 8% lower chance of lung cancer.
Researchers designed a wearable variable-emittance device that can be modulated between two states to stabilize radiative heat loss. The fabric adjusts how much body heat is retained and radiated away, providing consistent skin temperature regardless of external temperature.
Researchers argue that emoji-based language systems can improve communication between patients and physicians, particularly for vulnerable populations such as those with stroke or vocal impairments. The use of emoji can condense surveys and questionnaires, increasing response rates and appealing to patients.
Researchers suggest that multifactorial prediction models could enhance dementia risk estimation. Current dementia risk scores are found to have limited clinical utility for estimating 10-year dementia risk.
Researchers have created a 'meta-cell' that combines data from 50 similar cells, allowing them to study Alzheimer's disease without the limitations of single-cell genomics. This process reveals insights into microglia states and gene activity, which can be targeted for therapeutics.
Researchers at Laureate Institute for Brain Research developed a novel approach to studying the elusive gut-brain connection, measuring neural responses during gastrointestinal stimulation. The study found that enhanced stimulation led to improved perceptual accuracy and reduced variability in reaction time.
According to the study, 18.6% of adolescents experience low mood, with girls more likely to suffer from the condition, affecting 25.1% of them. The research highlights contextual factors such as sexual violence and physical inactivity as contributing to these gender differences.
Researchers have created an RNA nanoparticle therapy that disables the pathways through which multiple myeloma cells travel, stopping their spread. The therapy targets the microenvironment of the cancer and prevents the production of a protein that attracts cancer cells to blood vessels.
The FDA has issued a Biomarker Letter of Support for four novel biomarkers identifying drug-induced pancreatic injury. These microRNAs will enhance the detection of acute drug-induced pancreatic injury (DIPI) in phase 1 clinical trials, improving safety and accuracy.
A new study reveals that product trade plays a pivotal role in shifting pollution and its associated health burdens across sectors and regions in China. Consumption-based effects from sectors such as food, light industry, equipment, construction, and services cause significantly higher deaths than those from a production perspective.
Researchers discovered that components of heat-marred DNA can be absorbed during digestion and incorporated into the DNA of consumers, potentially triggering genetic mutations. This finding has important implications for dietary choices and public health, highlighting the need to reassess cooking methods.
A new study published in Aging-US has identified the p53-p16/RB-E2F-DREAM complex as a critical regulator of cellular senescence. The researchers found that this complex represses multiple target genes involved in cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, and chromatin structure, leading to the stability of the senescent arrest.
A new study found that the serotonin booster prucalopride increased functional brain connectivity in healthy adults, particularly between cognitive networks. The results suggest that prucalopride may improve cognitive function and have therapeutic potential for depression patients.
Researchers discovered evidence of scarlet macaw breeding in Old Town, New Mexico, dating back to the early 1100s. The findings suggest that macaw breeding was occurring north of its known range and may shed light on the practice of breeding and keeping these birds in the Americas.
The ASHP Summer Meeting presented research on clinical pharmacists' impact on type 2 diabetes treatment intensification with GLP-1 receptor agonists. A study found 85% of patients received care from clinical pharmacists had their medication titrated to the first effective dose, compared to 12.5% without pharmacist involvement.
ASU's new collaboration, ʻĀkoʻakoʻa, aims to restore coral reef vitality and coastal sustainability through a partnership between scientists and local communities in Hawaiʻi. The initiative focuses on West Hawaiʻi island, where 120 miles of reef harbor diverse human and coral conditions.
A new method for diagnosing sleep-disordered breathing in dogs has been developed, revealing that brachycephalic breeds are more susceptible to the condition due to their shorter snouts. The study used a neckband system to measure breathing during sleep and found a higher number of events in short-snouted dogs.
Lung mesenchymal cells have been identified in a new experimental model, enabling the study of pulmonary diseases such as fibrosis and interstitial lung disease. The researchers used an iPSC line carrying a lung mesenchyme-specific fluorescent reporter to test growth factors and small molecules, finding that stimulating retinoic acid a...
Four state policies associated with increased telehealth access for mental health care in U.S. facilities, but disparities found in counties with higher Black resident populations and Medicaid acceptance. The expansion has improved mental health care accessibility during the pandemic.
The proposed multi-scale facial video pulse extraction network uses separable spatiotemporal convolution and dimension separable attention to extract pulse signals from facial videos. This approach yields better results than single-scale methods, especially when fusing multiple scales.
A new study from the Gibson Lab at Stowers Institute for Medical Research sheds light on how some of Earth's earliest animals evolved. Researchers discovered that a common genetic toolkit is deployed in different ways to drive embryological development, producing diverse adult body plans.
A study found that childhood adversity between ages 3-5 affects epigenetic patterns in adolescence, particularly in individuals exposed to single-parent households. The researchers suggest that early life experiences can shape biological processes and influence health outcomes.
Researchers discover cBAF protein complex plays crucial role in controlling T cell fate during infection. The study reveals how chromatin remodeling and genetic code accessibility influence the development of cytotoxic T cells into effector and memory subtypes.
The discovery of human fossils at Tam Pà Ling cave in northern Laos reveals that modern humans spread from Africa through Arabia and to Asia much earlier than previously thought. The findings confirm that early Homo sapiens did not just follow coastlines and islands, but also traveled through forested regions along river valleys.
Researchers have identified DYRK1A as a key regulator of the SARS-CoV-2 viral receptor, which is critical for entry into human tissues. Reducing DYRK1A activity decreases infection, providing new insights into COVID-19 causation and potential antiviral treatments.
A study of hospital transfers during COVID-19 found that decision-makers, environmental factors, and patient characteristics played a significant role in transfer decisions. The researchers identified three categories of factors affecting these decisions, which often resulted in moral distress for healthcare workers.
A MU study found that providing educational information about naltrexone to healthcare professionals increases patient prescriptions for the drug. The study resulted in a 36% increase in patients leaving the facility with a prescription for naltrexone, suggesting better-informed decisions by healthcare professionals.
A recent NIH-funded study found that only 1 in 4 residential addiction treatment facilities for adolescents under 18 years old offer buprenorphine to treat opioid use disorder. The study highlights a significant gap in access to evidence-based treatment among young people, with many facilities not offering this life-saving medication d...