MMTVT, originating from testicular tunica vaginalis mesothelial cells, has a global incidence of 0.54–0.95 per 10 million person-years. Most patients are incidentally diagnosed during surgeries for hydrocele or inguinal hernia, with a preoperative misdiagnosis rate exceeding 95%. Asbestos exposure—with a 20–40-year latency period—is a major risk factor, particularly among workers in mining, construction, and shipbuilding. High-risk regions in China include Dayao County (Yunnan) and Yuyao/Cixi (Zhejiang) due to long-term asbestos exposure.To address the lack of standardized protocols, CHARM led a multidisciplinary team to develop the consensus, marking a milestone in China’s rare disease management.With a median overall survival of 23–35 months, MMTVT has a poor prognosis, especially for patients with primary metastasis. The consensus shifts clinical practice from empirical treatment to evidence-based, personalized care. CHARM plans to update the consensus with ongoing clinical data and emerging therapies, while strengthening high-risk population screening and public awareness.
Commentary/editorial
Not applicable
Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Malignant Mesothelioma of the Tunica Vaginalis Testis
28-Jul-2025
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.