A new type of microfluidic device that can help industry to optimize paints, coatings for microelectronics and specialty polymers has been developed by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) researchers. The device is made of a chemically durable plastic that is resistant to many common organic solvents. It was fabricated with a rapid prototyping method also developed at the agency.
Described in the Aug. 18 issue of the Journal of the American Chemical Society,* such devices can be used to make specialty polymers in small amounts, or to rapidly change polymer ingredients so that the impact of expensive additives on material behavior can be systematically analyzed. This is becoming important as more specialty polymers use designer elements for applications in nanotechnology and biotechnology.
Devices typically measure about half the size of a credit card and are made with a technique called "frontal photopolymerization." The NIST researchers adapted the technique to fabricating microfluidic devices. Ultraviolet light was shined through patterned "stencils" into a liquid layer of a chemical called thiolene. Areas exposed to the light harden into a solid polymer while unexposed areas remain liquid and can be flushed away, leaving relatively deep channels capable of handling thicker fluids than current lab-on-a-chip devices.
In a separate paper,** the NIST researchers provide detailed data about how varying doses of ultraviolet light affect the height of the polymer structures formed. Such data should be helpful for increasing the complexity of devices that can be fabricated with the technique.
*T. Wu, Y. Mei, J.T. Cabral, C. Xu, and K.L. Beers. 2004. A new synthetic method for controlled polymerization using a microfluidic system. Journal of the American Chemical Society. [ http://polymers.msel.nist.gov/publications/ ]
**J.T. Cabral, S.D. Hudson, C. Harrison, and J. Douglas. 2004. Frontal photopolymerization for microfluidic applications. Langmuir. Expected print publication in Nov. [ http://polymers.msel.nist.gov/publications /]
Journal of the American Chemical Society