Yarn-like supercapacitors, which combine high power density, fast charging and discharging, and lightweight flexibility, are regarded as one of the effective ways to realize wearable energy storage. MoS 2 has become a popular choice of electrode material due to its layered structure and high theoretical specific capacitance, but the lack of active sites and low electrical conductivity limit its further application, and elemental doping-induced defects are considered to be an effective means to improve the energy storage performance of MoS 2 . In addition, although water-based supercapacitors are environmentally friendly and safe, they are limited by low decomposition voltage (1.23 V). How to balance high voltage, high energy density and flexibility remains a challenge. To this end, Assoc. Prof. Xiaoyan Li’s team from Hebei University of Science & Technology, in collaboration with Prof. Sridhar. Komarneni from The Pennsylvania State University propose a Mn-doped modified MoS₂ strategy to prepare self-supporting/highly flexible nanocored yarn electrodes and symmetrically assembled yarn supercapacitors (NYC) by electrostatic spinning, and explores the mechanism of the synergistic effect of Mn-doped MoS 2 and carbon nanofibers on the extension of the voltage window.
The constitutive relationships between the microstructure, lattice spacing and electrochemical properties of the materials were analyzed by modulating the Mn doping ratio. The results show that Mn-doped MoS 2 can effectively expand the lattice spacing and optimize the electronic structure, and significantly improve the electrical conductivity and the number of active sites. Among them, Mn 7.5 MoS 2 exhibits a specific capacitance value of 386.3 mF/cm 2 at 1 mA/cm 2 (58% enhancement over MoS 2 ). The symmetric supercapacitor assembled based on Mn 7.5 MoS 2 has a maximum energy density of 13.84 mWh/cm² (power density 1441.01 mW/cm²) and a maximum power density of 5866.85 mW/cm² (energy density 2.93 mWh/cm²).
The specific capacitance of carbon fiber (CF-6h) treated with 6 h purification reached 12.42 mF/cm 3 at 10 mA/cm 3 , which was 8 times higher than that of the untreated sample; the CF/Mn 7.5 MoS 2 -CNF-based NYC prepared by carbonization at 600 °C showed the most excellent electrochemical performance, with a specific capacitance as high as 697.27 mF/ cm 3 , which is three times higher than the performance of CF/Mn 7.5 MoS 2 -PAN-based NYC. Meanwhile, the CF/Mn 7.5 MoS 2 -CNF-based NYC is able to exhibit a high energy density of 308.7 mWh/cm 3 at 1.6 V and maintain 86.4% capacitance reserve after 5,000 cycles. The unique internal series structure of assembled ultracapacitors (OAISSCs) implanted into a garment can power a temperature and humidity sensing hourly clock for 10 min showing excellent wearable performance.
Other contributors include Shangbo Li, Weihong Liu, Xianghong Li from the Hebei University of Science & Technology, Xuming Huang from the Postdoctoral Workstation in Dongguan Proamine Chemicals Co., Ltd, and Zaisheng Cai from the Postdoctoral mobile station of Textile science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University.
This research was supported by Scientific Research Project for Higher Education Institution in Hebei Province (No. BJK2023085), National Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (Grant No. E2024208048), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Project (2024M760414), 2024 Provincial Graduate Professional degree Teaching Case construction project (KCJSZ2024085) and Introduction of talents Research Funds for the Hebei University of Science and Technology (No. PYA2018012).
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Nano Research
Mn-doped MoS2-based nano-cored-yarn electrode with high voltage energy storage
1-Dec-2025