Some skin cancers, in particular basal cell carcinoma, can be successfully treated with a prescription cream containing the compound imiquimod. The antitumor effect of imiquimod is multifactorial. One of the more complex aspects of imiquimod's antitumor effects is its ability to modify the immune response. A team of researchers led by Maria Sibilia, at the Medical University of Vienna, Austria, has now identified a new way in which imiquimod modifies the immune system to clear tumors in a mouse model of melanoma, the most deadly form of skin cancer. Specifically, the team found that topical application of imiquimod leads to the recruitment of immune cells known as plasmacytoid DCs to the site of the tumor. Moreover, exposure to imiquimod at the site of the tumor then converts these cells into tumor-cell killers. Nina Bhardwaj and colleagues, at New York University, New York, discuss in an accompanying commentary the implications of these data for antitumor therapies designed to combat both skin cancers and other cancers.
TITLE: Imiquimod clears tumors in mice independent of adaptive immunity by converting pDCs into tumor-killing effector cells
AUTHOR CONTACT:
Maria Sibilia
Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Phone: 43.1.4277.65131; Fax: 43.1.4277.65193; E-mail: maria.sibilia@meduniwien.ac.at .
View this article at: http://www.jci.org/articles/view/61034?key=bce90e43bcd605799561
ACCOMPANYING COMMENTARY
TITLE: Plasmacytoid dendritic cells lead the charge against tumors
AUTHOR CONTACT:
Nina Bhardwaj
The New York University Langone Medical Center and the New York University Cancer Institute, New York, New York, USA.
Phone: 212.263.5814; Fax: 212.263.6729; E-mail: Nina.Bhardwaj@med.nyu.edu .
View this article at: http://www.jci.org/articles/view/61345?key=3f09068264890ed311f8
Journal of Clinical Investigation