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Life Sciences

Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.

447,757 articles | 2542 topics

Health and Medicine

Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.

431,843 articles | 751 topics

Social Sciences

Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.

260,756 articles | 745 topics

Physical Sciences

Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.

257,913 articles | 1552 topics

Applied Sciences and Engineering

Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.

225,386 articles | 998 topics

Scientific Community

Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.

193,043 articles | 157 topics

Space Sciences

Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.

29,662 articles | 175 topics

Research Methods

Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.

21,889 articles | 139 topics

Mathematics

Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.

3,023 articles | 113 topics

New device steps toward isolating single electrons for quantum computing

Researchers at University of Chicago have developed a new device that captures trapped electrons and manipulates them using superconducting quantum circuits. The team successfully holds electrons in place for up to 12 hours, leveraging the unique properties of liquid helium to isolate individual electrons.

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Quantum computing closer as RMIT drives towards first quantum data bus

RMIT researchers have successfully trialled a quantum processor capable of routing quantum information from different locations, opening a pathway towards the first quantum data bus. This breakthrough has significant implications for future quantum technologies, including quantum computing and secure communication.

Unlocking the gates to quantum computing

Researchers from Griffith University have successfully implemented a simplified version of the quantum Fredkin gate, a challenging circuit that enables efficient processing in quantum computers. This achievement could lead to more powerful and compact quantum computing systems.

Quantum processes control accurately to several attoseconds

Researchers at Lomonosov Moscow State University successfully controlled ultrafast motion of electrons down to three attoseconds, breaking natural obstacles and observing quantum interference. The achievement opens a new horizon for studying ultrafast processes in physics.

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Photons open the gateway for quantum networks

Scientists at the Niels Bohr Institute have developed a photon contact that can control the transport of photons in a circuit. This breakthrough enables the creation of complex quantum photonic circuits and paves the way for the development of quantum networks based on photons.

Chance effect of lab's fluorescent lights leads to discovery

Scientists at Penn State and University of Chicago discovered a new way to use light to draw and erase quantum-mechanical circuits on topological insulators, allowing for non-invasive and faster experimentation. The technique uses ultraviolet and bright red light to manipulate the electronic properties of these materials.

New optical chip lights up the race for quantum computer

Researchers have developed an optical chip that can process photons in an infinite number of ways, a major step forward in creating a quantum computer. This breakthrough brings together existing quantum experiments and paves the way for new protocols, making it easier to conduct research and discover new science.

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Strength in numbers

Quantum physicists at the University of California - Santa Barbara have developed a quantum circuitry system that self-checks for errors and suppresses them, preserving qubits' state(s) and imbuing the system with reliability. The system uses the surface code scheme to detect errors based on parity information.

In the quantum world, the future affects the past

Physicist Kater Murch's experiment combines information about a quantum system's evolution before and after a target time to narrow the odds of correctly guessing its state. The 'hindsight' prediction is 90% accurate, suggesting that time runs both backward and forward in the quantum world.

Nanoscale resistors for quantum devices

Researchers have created high-value, compact nanoscale resistors using thin-film chromium oxide, enabling faster development of quantum devices for computing and fundamental physics research. The new resistors can be tuned by controlling oxygen content, making them compatible with quantum phase-slip circuit requirements.

Watching Schrödinger's cat die (or come to life)

Physicists at UC Berkeley have demonstrated a way to follow the 'life history' of a quantum system, allowing for continuous error correction. This technology could enable steering quantum evolution and optimizing chemical reactions.

Superconducting-silicon qubits

Theorists propose using a bottom-up approach to create hybrid quantum devices by placing superconducting regions within silicon crystals. This could combine the benefits of both silicon spin qubits and superconducting circuits, enabling more robust qubit designs.

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Researchers find weird magic ingredient for quantum computing

A new study from the University of Waterloo's Institute for Quantum Computing reveals that contextuality is a necessary resource for achieving the advantages of quantum computation. Researchers have confirmed theoretically that contextuality is required for building a universal quantum computer.

Seeking quantum-ness: D-Wave chip passes rigorous tests

Researchers at USC have validated the quantum nature of D-Wave processors using elaborate tests on its functional qubits. The results consistently agree with quantum models but contradict classical models, indicating the presence of quantum effects.

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Teleported by electronic circuit

Physicists at ETH Zurich have successfully teleported information across a distance of six millimeters using a solid state system. This achievement demonstrates the potential for quantum communication and may lead to faster and more efficient quantum computing in the future.

Novel beams made of twisted atoms

Physicists have built a theoretical construct of twisted atom beams, which can have potential applications in quantum communication and atomic processes. These beams were created by solving the non-relativistic Schrödinger equation for atoms driven by a laser field.

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Large-scale quantum chip validated

The USC-Lockheed Martin Quantum Computing Center has successfully demonstrated the functionality of a large-scale quantum optimization processor, with 128 qubits. The team verified that the device operates as a quantum processor, using quantum mechanics to solve optimization calculations.

A new twist for quantum systems

Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a new control method for quantum systems, enabling precise steering through Hilbert spaces. This breakthrough has significant implications for the development of practical quantum computers.

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Quantum algorithm breakthrough

Researchers at the University of Bristol successfully implemented a full quantum circuit to calculate unknown eigenvalues using a quantum algorithm without prior knowledge. This achievement marks an important step towards practical quantum computing, enabling applications in quantum simulations and metrology.

The dance of quantum tornadoes

Researchers at University of Cambridge create hundreds of tiny twisters on chip using quantum mechanics, controlling electron movement and light interaction to form 'polariton'. This enables precise measurement of motion and surface irregularities with sensitivity.

Quantum computing with recycled particles

A team from the University of Bristol's Centre for Quantum Photonics has developed a technique to recycle particles in a quantum computer, reducing physical resources required for factoring. This breakthrough enables more efficient calculations, paving the way for larger implementations of quantum algorithms.

Bus service for qubits

Researchers successfully excite a spin qubit using a resonant cavity, addressing challenges of quantum processing and decoherence. This breakthrough enables the transportation of quantum information over 'bus' conduits, similar to digital information in conventional computers.

UCSB researchers demonstrate that 15=3x5 about half of the time

Researchers at UCSB have successfully factored a small composite number using a quantum processor. The achievement is significant as it demonstrates a milestone on the road to building a quantum computer capable of factoring larger numbers with significant implications for cryptography and cybersecurity.

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Scientists play ping-pong with single electrons

Researchers at Cambridge University have developed a technique to transfer quantum information by controlling individual electrons in Gallium Arsenide. This innovation has the potential to enable faster and more efficient processing in quantum computers, addressing complex problems beyond classical computers' capabilities.

Dramatic simplification paves the way for building a quantum computer

Scientists at the University of Bristol develop a new technique to dramatically simplify controlled operations in quantum computing. This breakthrough reduces complexity in quantum circuits, enabling more sophisticated algorithms and applications in precision measurement, simulation, and beyond.

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U.Va.'s Pfister accomplishes breakthrough toward quantum computing

Physicist Olivier Pfister and his team create 60 measurable Qmodes, a multilevel variant of entangled qubits, in a major step towards building a quantum computer. This achievement has significant implications for quantum computing, potentially revolutionizing fields such as data encryption and complex system simulations.

NIST mechanical micro-drum cooled to quantum ground state

Researchers at NIST have developed a technique to calm the vibrations of a microscopic aluminum drum to the quantum ground state, allowing for longer storage of individual packets of energy. The drum's motion is slowed by applying microwave light, enabling applications in quantum computing and testing of quantum theory.

Optical circuit enables new approach to quantum technologies

Researchers have successfully demonstrated a quantum logic gate acting on four particles of light, enabling new approaches to quantum technologies. The device has the potential to improve secure communication and precision measurement, paving the way for more efficient computers and innovative applications.

NIST electromechanical circuit sets record beating microscopic 'drum'

Physicists at NIST have demonstrated an electromechanical circuit that processes information and controls motion at the quantum scale. The device uses a micro drum to transmit mechanical vibrations, achieving strong interactions between microwave light and the drum, paving the way for quantum applications.

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New generation of optical integrated devices for future quantum computers

Researchers from the University of Bristol demonstrated the quantum operation of new components that will enable compact circuits for future photonic quantum computers. These integrated photonic circuits are compact, stable, and low-noise, paving the way for mass production of chips for quantum computers.

Electron billiards in nanoscale circuits

Scientists created a 70-nanometer narrow channel to analyze photogenerated electrons with high precision. They demonstrated that photogenerated electrons can flow several micrometers before colliding with crystalline atoms, revealing the influence of circuit geometry on electron paths.

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NIST develops 'dimmer switch' for superconducting quantum computing

Researchers at NIST have developed a new type of control device that can tune interactions between quantum bits (qubits) and quantum buses, potentially speeding up the development of practical quantum computers. The 'dimmer switch' enables flexible control over interactions in intricate networks.

NIST demonstrates 'universal' programmable quantum processor

Physicists at NIST demonstrate the first universal programmable quantum information processor using two qubits, capable of running any program allowed by quantum mechanics. The processor stores binary information in beryllium ions and can perform 160 different processing routines, making it 'universal'.

NIST demonstrates sustained quantum information processing

Physicists at NIST demonstrate sustained, reliable information processing operations on ions, overcoming hurdles in scaling up ion-trapping technology. They successfully performed a combined sequence of five quantum logic operations and ten transport operations while maintaining qubit data integrity.

Physicists find way to control individual bits in quantum computers

Researchers have created a way to manipulate single qubits without affecting neighboring information, enabling the development of more reliable quantum computers. The new approach uses polarized light to create effective magnetic fields, simplifying the process of addressing individual qubits.

Scientists create first electronic quantum processor

Researchers at Yale University have successfully created a rudimentary solid-state quantum processor, performing simple algorithms like a search and demonstrating quantum information processing with a solid-state device for the first time. The team's achievement marks a significant step towards building a practical quantum computer.

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Scientists demonstrate all-fiber quantum logic

Researchers at the University of Bristol have successfully implemented a high-fidelity fibre controlled-NOT gate using single photons in optical fibres. This achievement paves the way for more sophisticated quantum networks with increased range and potential applications in computing, communication, and advanced measurement.

Quantum ghosts are helpful

Physicists at University of Bristol and Imperial College London develop new method using 'spooky action' to identify quantum black boxes, overcoming fundamental limitations. This breakthrough has significant implications for future quantum computing and information science.

Silicon chips for optical quantum technologies

A team of physicists and engineers at the University of Bristol demonstrated control of single particles of light on a silicon chip, a crucial step towards a super-powerful quantum computer. The controlled-NOT gate, the building block of a quantum computer, was achieved with high-fidelity operation.

Physicists team up to learn how quantum mechanical states break down

Researchers at Ames Laboratory and Microsoft Station Q studied nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond to understand decoherence, a process destroying quantum coherence. They discovered that environmental interference can be regulated by applying a moderate magnetic field, gaining insight into the decoherence process.

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APS physics tip sheet #62

Researchers have designed a new quantum processor core that keeps qubits active all the time, enabling faster calculations and making quantum computers more efficient. This breakthrough could lead to advancements in fields like molecular biology, biophysics, and materials science.

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Qubit link could pave the way for world's most powerful computers

A team of international researchers has discovered a new method to link qubit rings, which could lead to the creation of the world's most powerful computers. The breakthrough opens up the possibility of creating quantum gates, a more advanced version of processors found in modern computers.

Qubits turn up trumps

Researchers have developed a silicon-chip qubit that can perform quantum computations without leaking information due to decoherence. This achievement is based on a blueprint from 1998 and could lead to the creation of large arrays of qubits for practical quantum processing.

Opitcal coherent and ultrafast science

The National Science Foundation has established FOCUS, a Physics Frontier Center at the University of Michigan, to advance coherent control in quantum, ultrafast, and high-field physics. The center will focus on three major research components: High Field Control, Ultrafast Control, and Quantum Control.