Articles tagged with Computers
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers have discovered a new type of weak topological insulator, made from bismuth combined with iodine or bromine, which could lead to significant advances in technology. The material's unique properties make it an attractive option for creating new transistor-like technologies and powering quantum computers.
Researchers found that participants abandoned automated advisors after receiving bad advice, but forgave human advisors more easily. The study suggests potential downsides of automation in the workplace, highlighting the importance of trust and forgiveness in human-computer interactions.
The Cubimorph modular interactive device can change shape on-demand, featuring touchscreens on each of its six faces and a hinge-mounted turntable mechanism. Researchers from the University of Bristol presented their design rationale and prototypes demonstrating key aspects at ICRA 2016.
A large-scale study found that offering small gifts, such as chocolate, can increase the willingness of people to share their passwords with strangers due to the principle of reciprocity. In the experiment, 43.5% of participants shared their passwords when given chocolate beforehand, compared to 29.8% in control groups.
Researchers at the University of Waterloo have developed a system that allows users to trigger different keyboard shortcut commands by pressing the same key with different fingers, hands, or hand postures. The system uses a built-in computer vision algorithm to identify fingers and hands on the keyboard.
Researchers found that simplified EULAs with separate pages and bullet points led to increased comprehension and a better attitude among users. This 'halo effect' enhances goodwill, transparency, and online safety for consumers concerned about privacy and security.
Scientists at the University of Bristol have developed a new method to simulate a 'quantum walk' on a primitive quantum computer, which they claim can solve problems that classical computers cannot. The study suggests that these smaller quantum processors could outperform classical computing for specific tasks, such as 'Boson Sampling'.
Researchers developed a software tool called DefSense that enables non-experts to create deformable objects with deformation-sensing functionality. The tool optimizes sensor layouts based on user-defined deformations, allowing for customized input devices.
Researchers found that human brains produce feelings of confidence that mirror statistical calculations, informing decisions. The study's model suggests that confidence is an objective computation, with the brain acting as a 'statistician' to make informed choices.
An experimental study found that readers prefer articles attributed to real journalists, but rate computer-generated texts as more credible. The study suggests that readers' expectations and limited experience with computer-based reports contribute to these differing assessments.
Researchers at NC State University developed a system that uses sensors in custom dog harnesses to monitor the dog's posture and body language. The algorithm triggered rewards when the dog exhibited the desired behavior, resulting in a 96% accurate rate.
Experiments at Cornell University and Beijing University found that retweeting creates cognitive overload, leading to poor comprehension and recall of information. The study suggests that web interfaces should be designed to promote rather than interfere with cognitive processing.
Researchers from SMU's Lyle School of Engineering are developing a computer-generated image of an object hidden from sight to create a hologram. The goal is to enable soldiers to 'see' around corners and behind walls, improving their situational awareness.
A comprehensive review of studies on one-to-one laptop programs found significant improvements in test scores and educational outcomes. The research suggests that laptops can enhance student engagement, teacher-student relationships, and 21st century skills like technological proficiency and problem-solving.
Researchers found that tablet use significantly improved children's performance on standardized tests of reading preparedness in three deployments. The system used inexpensive tablets loaded with educational apps and allowed children to explore and figure out the content on their own, yielding promising results.
Numerical simulations using BURST code reveal insights into the role of neutrinos, nuclei, and other particles in shaping the early universe. The research aims to investigate existing puzzles of cosmology, including dark matter and dark radiation.
The BURST code simulates conditions during the first few minutes of cosmological evolution to model the role of neutrinos, nuclei and other particles in shaping the early universe. This allows physicists to investigate existing puzzles of cosmology, including the nature and origin of visible matter and dark matter.
A new decentralized planning algorithm for teams of robots factors in moving obstacles, reduces communication bandwidth, and preserves strong mathematical guarantees. The algorithm allows robots to operate in a world with static and dynamic obstacles while retaining their local and global objectives.
A team of researchers at Binghamton University recorded the brain activity of 50 people while they looked at images, finding that participants' brains reacted differently to each image. This allowed a computer system to identify each volunteer's unique 'brainprint' with 100% accuracy.
Ganguly's research aims to reduce energy consumption in data centers using wireless frequencies, potentially saving 10 times the current energy usage. The project could lead to a more sustainable computing infrastructure by reducing power consumption and prolonging computer lifespan.
A recent study by Jacob Sherson and his team at Aarhus University found that humans excel in approaching problems heuristically and solving them intuitively, a skill computers struggle with. The research used an online game called Quantum Moves to analyze player solutions and identified common features in human intuition.
A study by KU Leuven researchers found that more than 70% of cloud-based security providers' DNS redirection strategies can be bypassed, exposing websites to DDoS attacks. To mitigate this risk, website owners can adjust their firewall settings or change their IP address once the contract with the provider is initiated.
Researchers found that users need different workstation components when standing at a computer workstation compared to sitting down. The final standing workstation setups were significantly different from seated workstation setups, with lower desks and monitors, and closer mouse and keyboard positions.
Researchers developed a system to enable robot or computer avatar interaction with patients playing the mirror game, promoting attachment and improving social coordination. The results show that players sharing similar movement features interact better, paving the way for social rehabilitation.
Physicists at Ames Laboratory have discovered a topological metal, PtSn4, with a high density of conduction electrons and large number of closely positioned Dirac points. This discovery may lead to energy-efficient computers with increased processor speeds and data storage.
Researchers at Disney Research and Carnegie Mellon University have developed a system to debug intermittent systems, such as those that harvest energy from the environment. The Energy-interference-free Debugger (EDB) can monitor and debug these systems without interfering with their power state.
Researchers found that mimicking simple actions can aid recovery, with human trainers outperforming computer-based methods. The study suggests a potential tool for rehabilitation, providing insight into the ongoing ability of Alzheimer's patients to imitate movements.
A study published in Cognition reveals that a specific facial expression, known as the 'not face', is universally interpreted as a symbol of negative emotion across languages. The researchers found that this expression is identical across native speakers of English, Spanish, Mandarin Chinese, and American Sign Language.
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University has developed an intelligent wheelchair system called iWheelchair, integrating various functions such as environment control, safety, and health monitoring. The system allows users to control home devices using a tablet computer, with features like fall monitoring and smart diaper detection.
Researchers at UC Berkeley have shown that magnetic chips can operate with the lowest fundamental level of energy dissipation possible, leading to dramatic reductions in power consumption. This breakthrough is critical for mobile devices and cloud data centers, which demand powerful processors on small batteries.
Researchers found that humans can recognize objects in partial- or low-resolution images, with a
The cloud-based virtual globe portal offers unprecedented speed and ease of use for visualizing Earth's geological evolution. It features interactive reconstructions of supercontinents and 3D visualizations of seafloor geology, allowing users to explore how the planet has changed over time.
A computer program developed by researchers can categorize leaves into large evolutionary categories, leading to improved fossil identification and a better understanding of flowering plant evolution. The method achieves a 72% accuracy rate over 19 leaf families compared to random chance.
UConn researchers develop a systematized approach to materials design using machine learning. They create numerical fingerprints of polymers based on atomic configurations, enabling computers to quickly scan theoretical compounds for desired properties. The breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize the search for new materials.
Researchers at Saarland University have developed a system that enables players to interact with each other and the game using spoken language, despite speaking different languages. The Dialog Box uses AI-powered voice interactions to facilitate collaboration and problem-solving among team members.
A Penn study found that using machine learning forecasts at arraignments can dramatically reduce subsequent domestic violence arrests. Machine learning analyzes data points like age, gender, and prior warrants to determine risk, offering extra information to courts.
Researchers studied brain activity in patients with severe epilepsy while navigating virtual landscapes on a computer screen. The results show that brain oscillations are driven entirely by internal processes, carrying information about speed and distance travelled during teleportation.
A new study from BSMS shows that computers can detect boredom by monitoring non-instrumental movements. The research has the potential to develop more engaging online tutoring programs and companion robots. By tracking subtle changes in body language, computers can adapt to a user's level of interest.
Researchers developed an algorithm called Melvin to design novel quantum experiments, finding unfamiliar solutions without relying on human intuition. The algorithm has led to dozens of new experimental tricks and is being built in laboratories.
A Dartmouth-led study finds that people struggle to tell the difference between real and virtual images, but training boosts accuracy. The research has implications for child pornography cases, where accurate identification is crucial.
Researchers at MIT developed a new model to reduce unnecessary communication in human-robot teams, enabling them to work together more effectively. The system has been tested on computer simulations and shows promise for improving team performance.
Researchers at University of Utah have discovered a new kind of 2D semiconducting material that could lead to much speedier computers and smartphones. The material, made of tin and oxygen, allows electrical charges to move through it faster than conventional materials.
A groundbreaking study from Michigan State University found that sleep-deprived individuals are 4.5 times more likely to sign false confessions than those who have slept eight hours the night before. This raises complex questions about police interrogation practices and the use of sleep deprivation in interrogations.
Assistant Professor Corinna Schlombs studied trans-Atlantic technology transfer and its impact on productivity in Germany following WWII. Her research reveals a distinct cultural and historical context for computer development in Europe.
Researchers at Harvard are using a $28 million grant to study the brain's visual cortex in unprecedented detail and map its connections. The goal is to inspire better computer algorithms for learning and pattern recognition, enabling computers to outperform humans in recognizing patterns from limited data inputs.
A working quantum computer system is expected to be developed by 2020, as predicted by Professor O'Brien of the University of Bristol. This will lead to breakthroughs in artificial intelligence, pharmaceutical discovery, and cyber security, disrupting traditional businesses and challenging current computing technologies.
Stanford researchers developed a lithium-ion battery that can be shut down by heating and restarted when the temperature cools. The new technology uses nanospikes to prevent overheating and reduce the risk of fires in batteries powered by devices like hoverboards and computers.
Neuroscientists argue that computers will never truly understand human communication due to lack of contextual understanding. Brain scans reveal areas of the brain where 'meeting of minds' occurs, enabling nonverbal mutual understanding.
Researchers at Newcastle University have confirmed that praying mantises use 3D vision to hunt, with a new model to improve visual perception in robots. The team used custom-made glasses with one blue and one green lens to show insects any desired images.
The Interact project creates mixed reality virtual Holocaust survivors that provide personal testimony and respond to questions. This innovative technology ensures a rich experience for audiences, allowing future generations to better understand the history of the Holocaust.
Researchers developed an easy-to-use app to capture accurate global cause of death data, addressing the issue of unregistered deaths worldwide. The app was field-tested in various countries, showing promising results in making diagnoses with computer models.
Researchers at Brigham Young University have developed technology that measures mouse movements to detect negative emotions such as anger and frustration. This allows websites to adjust their content and eliminate stress for users.
Researchers developed a Bayesian Program Learning framework that captures human learning abilities, allowing computers to recognize and generate new visual concepts. The algorithm achieved impressive results in visual Turing tests, with only 25% of judges performing better than chance.
A study published in Frontiers in Psychology found that people are quicker to find a hard-to-see person in an image when the directions mention a prominent landmark first, as opposed to last. The researchers also discovered that listeners prefer to use these landmarks as 'mental bookmarks' to speed up the process.
Researchers created cleverly designed molecular complexes that can store information in a quantum state, overcoming one of the biggest challenges in quantum computing. These new molecules could potentially lead to the development of functional devices and more efficient computer designs.
A new sensor, QStamp, enables consumers to monitor food freshness and reduce waste by 51%, as reported by the FAO. The smart tag allows users to track their at-home products, receive notifications for expiration dates, and make informed purchasing decisions.
Patients at safety-net hospital clinics with high clinician computer use were less likely to rate their care as excellent, and clinicians engaged in more negative rapport building. The study highlights the potential drawbacks of implementing electronic health records in these settings.
A new model, POISED, aims to balance technology use with human connection. Key findings include: Using computers in exams can compromise patient safety and relationships if not implemented correctly.
A new visual authoring tool is being developed to enable both experts and novices to create digital story worlds. The tool guides users through three main steps: story world creation, character and object authoring, and event creation.
Researchers developed patented prototypes of FlatCam, a thin sensor chip that processes sensor measurements into images and videos. The technology decouples the parameters of light collection and device thickness, enabling large sensors with thin devices.