Articles tagged with Software
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The Global Justice XML Data Model, released in Version 3.0, enables efficient data sharing between federal, state, and local agencies. By providing a common language and vocabulary, the model allows for automatic translation of information across different systems, facilitating faster response to potential criminal and terrorist activity.
Boston University's CMLD program develops methodologies for diverse, high-quality chemical libraries needed for biological research and drug discovery. The e-lab notebook provides web-based access to protocols and tools for outside researchers to synthesize new compounds.
The new software equips SEMs with a model library of possible line measurements, enabling accurate determination of circuit feature shapes and sizes. This reduces measurement errors from tens of nanometers to just a few nanometers, increasing reliability and efficiency in semiconductor manufacturing.
End-user programmers, estimated at 55 million by 2005, create nontrivial bugs nearly half of the time. Researchers from U.S. National Science Foundation develop new techniques and tools to aid debugging, focusing on 'negotiated' interruptions and novel environments that ask questions about code behavior.
The NIST virtual surface calibration Web site provides free two-dimensional surface texture analysis software and a database of 10 different types of surface profiles. Manufacturers can validate software measurements and upload their own surface profiles to gain confidence in the accuracy of their software.
Researchers developed a computational method to 'morph' deformed fossils back to their original shapes using geometric morphometrics and multiple rock slabs. The new retrodeformation programs have been tested with fossils from the Middle Ordovician Period, showing promise for understanding ancient deformation.
The European DataGrid (EDG) project has successfully built a test computing infrastructure capable of providing shared data and computing resources across Europe. GridPP resources contributed to the EDG testbed, developing important 'middleware' for efficient task distribution and security. The EGEE project will take Grid technology fu...
Cardiff University is introducing students to state-of-the-art software for interpreting three-dimensional seismic data, enabling deeper study of the earth's structure. The new technology has already helped identify a meteor impact crater off the Yorkshire coast and aims to reduce risk and cost in oil exploration.
Researchers at OHSU will explore the use of evolutionary computing to analyze images and classify abnormalities in the prostate. The goal is to create a more accurate and less invasive method for detecting prostate cancer.
Researchers at Florida Institute of Technology are developing new models to understand hacker tactics, with the goal of creating defensive techniques against cyber attacks. The project aims to break the cycle of cat and mouse games between hackers and defenders.
A recent study conducted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology has found that DVD compatibility is only 85 percent, resulting in potential issues such as DVDs not working or freezing. The test involved 14 models of DVD-ROM drives and over 50 different brands and types of recordable DVD discs.
Researchers developed MVAPICH, a software that connects traditional supercomputing software with InfiniBand technology, enabling faster data flow. The innovation allows scientists to study climate change and other complex phenomena more efficiently.
Researchers from NCAR's Research Applications Program developed the NCAR Efficient Spectral Processing Algorithm (NESPA) to aid pilots in navigating turbulent storms. The algorithm achieved an impressive accuracy rate of over 80%, detecting turbulence encounters with very few false positives.
The project aims to develop new solutions to major wireless communications problems using advanced devices and software. Professor Dirk Grunwald of the University of Colorado at Boulder leads the networking component, focusing on building a new kind of wireless network that leverages radio-level decisions for efficient communication.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have received a $2.5M grant to develop software framework for analyzing high-resolution digital images from fluorescence microscopes, enabling the extraction of detailed biological information.
The NEST software program provides cost estimates for homeowners to select the most cost-effective replacement materials for roofing, siding, windows, and garage doors. The program uses a virtual model of the user's home to estimate installation and maintenance costs, as well as monthly financing costs over the product's lifetime.
Four IU computer science projects will develop new software systems to improve weather forecasting accuracy, protect scientist data, enable grid computing participation and make biomedical instruments accessible globally. These projects aim to increase research collaboration and accessibility.
Researchers have developed a new software tool called PathBLAST that can represent and compare protein interaction networks from different organisms. The tool uses algorithms to translate the information into a linear code, allowing for rapid comparisons of interaction networks.
Rice wins nine NSF ITR grants, including a $15m award for Virtual Grid Application Development Software. The university also leads the 100 X 100 Project to develop 100-megabit-per-second Internet access nationwide.
A new software tool, LoopDA, allows architects and engineers to determine the size of natural ventilation openings needed for desired airflow rates. The program uses an engineering-based design process to control indoor air quality and thermal comfort.
The US Navy is developing an all-digital radio receiver that can handle multiple simultaneous signals and reduce communication 'clutter'. The new technology, developed by HYPRES Inc., will enable seamless interoperability among different military units and systems.
Dr. Och's system uses statistical models and parallel data to find the most likely translation for a given input, outperforming traditional approaches that rely on grammatical rules and vocabulary lists.
The EVAP-COND software simulates the performance of evaporators and condensers with various cooling agents, enabling engineers to optimize designs. This tool helps conserve energy while reducing laboratory testing and design-to-production time.
The CAST software anticipates team members' information needs, finds commonalities, and determines data processing. This helps improve team decision-making and collaboration in time-critical environments.
Researchers at the University of Southern California have developed new FPGA programming techniques that can automatically translate programs into pipelined designs and optimize software for fixed-property chips. This allows for a low-cost, high-speed bridge from existing application software to FPGA platforms, reducing design time by ...
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University warn of automated web forms being exploited for mass unwanted catalogs and postal disruptions. They propose technological fixes to prevent such attacks, including altering online form coding and implementing human verification steps.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed a prototype software program called InfoCanvas, which creates an abstract pictorial representation of information people want to monitor. The canvas displays on a separate monitor and uses icons to represent different data elements, gradually changing as information updates.
A new software developed by Ohio State University engineer Benjamin Coifman uses data from in-road detectors to pinpoint traffic congestion and measure travel time. This technology can improve traffic monitoring while minimizing disruptions to drivers, reducing the financial costs of traffic jams.
The Visualization Center at UCSD has made cutting-edge visualization technology available in the classroom, enabling students to interact with three-dimensional images and real-time data. This technology is particularly beneficial for underprivileged students who may not have access to such resources otherwise.
A researcher at the University of Toronto has developed a method to automatically remove the unsightly scarlet spots, known as red-eye, from digital images. The software isolates the reddened areas of the eyes and replaces them with natural eye color, providing a convenient solution for consumers.
The Navy's new concept, FORCEnet, focuses on integrating long-haul networks, knowledge management tools, and wireless technologies to support warfighters in the field. This initiative aims to provide real-time information advantage and enhance combat operations.
Researchers have developed a reusable multi-agent infrastructure called RETSINA, which enables teams of intelligent agents to work together autonomously. This allows for more efficient collaboration among humans and agents in joint mission planning and execution.
Engineers at Purdue University have created a new kind of computer-imaging software that uses stippling to quickly produce complex pictures of internal organs and other renderings. The method is 10 times faster than some conventional methods, enabling real-time previewing of medical images.
Ó Riain's study reveals the high-pressure work environment of technical communities, where social relations are defined by common interests rather than employer ties. Technical workers experience strenuous deadlines, long hours, and frustration, limiting their civic engagement and advancement opportunities for women.
The Rice Connexions program is expanding its offerings with new software tools and partnerships, making high-quality educational content freely available worldwide. The project aims to empower diverse cultural communities and break down barriers between academic disciplines through a collaborative approach to teaching materials.
A study by Oregon Health & Science University found that computer prescriptions significantly reduced errors in the prescribing process. The system improved legibility and accuracy, resulting in a 0.8% error rate compared to 2.3%, saving time for pharmacists and improving patient safety.
A new database technology developed by Dr. Peng Liu can detect single, multiple or simultaneous attacks, isolating malicious transactions while preserving benign ones. The software also repairs the database by containing corrupted data objects and undoing the effects of the attack, allowing for static and on-the-fly repairs.
The UB system generates user profiles based on standard operations and commands, detecting significant deviations from procedures. This approach reduces false alarms and improves accuracy in detecting cyberattacks.
The Timbot robotic model monster truck is developing software that could guide unmanned vehicles like cars, buses, or aircraft in the future. It supports 'graceful degradation' by adapting to changes in its environment and prioritizing critical functions.
A free computer program developed by Johns Hopkins researcher Benjamin W. Schafer allows designers to test stability and safety of thin-walled structures before construction. The CUFSM software provides critical predictions on buckling conditions, enabling the development of sturdiest and most cost-effective designs.
The US Marine Corps has begun using a new software system called ANT to schedule fighter air operations, reducing the time spent on planning from hours to minutes. The system balances various factors, including maintenance requirements and resource constraints, to create efficient schedules for aircraft carriers.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new approach to protect software by placing hundreds of tiny 'guards' throughout the code, making it harder for hackers to use the program without permission. The system has shown promising test results and is being licensed to a startup company, Arxan Technologies Inc.
A new study by UB researchers provides the first scientific proof that handwriting is unique to each individual, setting a significant standard for handwriting analysis in forensic applications. The team's software system can distinguish with 96% confidence whether two documents were written by the same person or different people.
The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) has won a $3.8 million NASA grant to develop the core software for an Earth System Modeling Framework. The framework will enable models to work together, assimilate observational data, and produce more realistic simulations of weather and climate.
NASA is investing $22.8 million in 11 research teams to develop software infrastructure for climate and space science modeling. The partnerships aim to create a framework that enables seamless sharing, reuse, and comparison of scientific approaches from multiple sources.
ColorBrewer is a free web-based tool that enables users to select from various color schemes for their maps. The tool offers sequential, diverging, and qualitative schemes, allowing users to test and refine their choices. Additionally, ColorBrewer provides detailed color specifications for printing, projection, or web display.
A multidisciplinary program is underway to create computer software for modeling the genes and proteins that underlie cellular behavior. This research aims to understand molecular mechanisms underlying processes like bacterial contamination, jet lag, and wound healing. By developing accurate mathematical representations of these mechan...
Researchers at Ohio State University used satellite images to identify potential routes across the Ross Ice Shelf, avoiding deep crevasses. The identified safe corridors could enable more economical and convenient overland transport than air transport.
Researchers at Penn State developed new software to design multifunctional surgical instruments, reducing instrument exchanges and improving tactile feedback. The software was used to create a single MIS instrument that can grasp, cut, pivot, and bend around obstructions.
A new method developed by Purdue University's chemical engineers uses artificial intelligence to simultaneously test thousands of formulations, drastically speeding up the discovery process. The technique has the potential to significantly improve catalyst performance and result in substantial economic benefits.
A new computer program, First Exon Finder, has been developed to detect overlooked gene segments in the human genome. The program identifies non-coding first exons, which are essential components of gene structure and function.
A computer-controlled differential braking system can stabilize vehicles by reducing spin, which causes rollovers. The system has been developed to adjust brake forces on the right and left sides of the cab independently.
The FaceIt face recognition system uses local feature analysis to capture tiny components of the face, allowing it to recognize faces even when only a portion is visible. It can track up to 10 faces simultaneously and search for matches against a database at a rate of 60 million/minute.
The UrbanSim project will use advanced software to create realistic animated streetscapes showing the potential impact of current decisions on urban development. The system will integrate data from various sources, including demographic and economic information, to provide a comprehensive understanding of long-term effects.
A team led by Jonathan M. Smith from the University of Pennsylvania aims to engineer better security features into mainstream computers through open-source collaboration.
Researchers at VBI are developing software to integrate metabolomics data with gene expression and proteomics, enabling scientists to pinpoint the exact function of genes and proteins. The collaboration with Phenomenome aims to create a global understanding of biological systems from a dynamic perspective.
Chemists are using statistical design of experiments and parallel reactors to improve the creation of polymers. This approach enables the efficient production of novel elastomers by determining the optimal reaction conditions. By doing so, researchers can generate predictive models and discover new materials.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania will explore ways to incorporate a focus on embedded computer reliability into product design, developing models and analysis tools to identify potential bugs. The goal is to improve product dependability and reduce costs by predicting reliability earlier in the design phase.
Berkeley Lab is developing new computational tools, including algorithms and software frameworks, to tackle complex scientific problems. The funding will support the creation of a terascale simulation environment for accelerator science and technology.
The first public human genome sequence was successfully assembled using GigAssembler, a computer program developed by James Kent and David Haussler. The program utilized a greedy algorithm to assemble nearly 400,000 DNA sequence pieces, resulting in an 88% complete draft.