Articles tagged with Cement
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Researchers create spheres that can be made at low cost and promise to mitigate the energy-intensive techniques now used to make cement. The spheres are suitable for various applications, including bone-tissue engineering, insulation, ceramic, and composite materials.
The automatic tool improves both inter-operator and intra-operator reliability, with a peak force sharper than the sliding hammer. Both tools have high learnability, but the automatic tool is 75% more efficient.
This research article assesses two tools for cement crown retrieval, finding that the automatic tool improves reliability and efficiency. The study also reveals a significant difference in force patterns between the tools, with the compressed air-powered instrument producing sharper peak forces.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago developed a magnetic surgical cement that can guide nanoparticles to lesions near spinal fractures, providing targeted drug delivery. The technology has the potential to become a surgical option for patients with primary spinal column tumors or metastasizing tumors.
Researchers developed a novel antibacterial glass ionomer cement with chlorhexidine-encapsulated mesoporous silica, which significantly enhances anti-biofilm ability and maintains mechanical properties. The study proposes a new strategy for preventing secondary caries by using this modified GIC.
Researchers at Washington State University have developed a strong, durable concrete that uses fly ash as a binder and eliminates the use of environmentally intensive cement. This new concrete reduces energy demand and greenhouse emissions by utilizing coal waste and significantly lowering its environmental impact.
Scientists at the University at Buffalo have developed heated magnetic nanoparticles that can selectively target and destroy tumors with significant amounts of heat under low-magnetic fields. The new technology has potential benefits over other treatments, including minimal side effects and deeper penetration into hard-to-reach body pa...
Researchers create environmentally friendly composite binder using fly ash, reducing carbon dioxide emissions and the need for sodium-based activators. The new binder replaces Portland cement in concrete production with minimal impact on compressive strength.
The study shows that using rough particles can significantly reduce the amount of material needed to achieve sudden solidification in suspensions. This could lead to improved cement flow characteristics and potential applications in everyday materials like bullet-proof vests.
Researchers found that adding volcanic ash to traditional cement reduces the overall energy needed to manufacture concrete, with a 16% decrease in energy required. The optimal particle size of volcanic ash affects the strength and energy efficiency of the concrete.
Researchers discovered that a specific mix of hydrogen bonds is critical to making strong and ductile infrastructure materials. The optimal overlap of oxygen and hydrogen atoms forms a network of weak hydrogen bonds that connects soft and hard layers.
The Gulf Research Program aims to develop new technologies to improve understanding and management of systemic risk in offshore oil and gas operations. The program focuses on addressing the risks associated with hydrocarbon releases, which pose threats to human health, safety, environment, and infrastructure.
Scientists at the University of Konstanz have created a more durable cement based on the nanostructure of sea urchin spines, which is significantly more resistant to fractures. The new material's elastic properties are comparable to those of mussel shells and reach values of up to 200 megapascals.
By exposing plastic flakes to gamma radiation, researchers can create stronger, more flexible concrete structures. This innovative approach could reduce cement industry's carbon footprint and divert plastic waste from landfills.
Researchers from North Carolina State University have developed a micropillar compression technique to characterize the micro-scale strength of cement, allowing for the development of stronger, more sustainable materials. The study provides precise measures of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) compressive strength in cement mixtures.
Researchers used the Surface Forces Apparatus to investigate crevice and pitting corrosion in confined spaces. They observed intense local corrosion resulting in sudden pit formation, highlighting the complexity of the process and its dependence on electric potential difference.
A research project has developed fiber cement panels and biomass particleboard using agroindustrial waste, offering alternatives to toxic raw materials. The use of plant-based materials reduces the environmental impact of construction products.
Rice University scientists found that indented tobermorite responds differently than bulk material, with layers bonding through indentation remaining intact after force removal. The study reveals three molecular mechanisms at work in tobermorite, which are also responsible for the strength of calcium-silicate-hydrate mix in cement.
Researchers studied 2,000-year-old Roman concrete using X-rays and electron microscopy, discovering a natural chemistry that strengthens the material over time. The findings suggest a recipe for modern concrete with less environmental impact could be inspired by the ancient Romans' use of volcanic ash, lime, and seawater.
Researchers found that seawater's interaction with Roman concrete leads to the growth of rare minerals, increasing its cohesion and strength. The unique pozzolanic reaction and interlocking mineral crystals provide a system contrary to modern cement-based concrete.
A new research from Berkeley Lab found that the choice of pavement material can significantly impact carbon emissions. The study's decision tool helps cities understand the trade-offs of cool pavements and their potential environmental consequences. Cities may need to reconsider their cool pavement strategies, as the benefits may not o...
Scientists have discovered beachrocks along the Biscay coast with records of human activity, including industrial waste, trapped within their matrix. This finding provides evidence for the Anthropocene epoch and offers valuable insights into climate change.
Researchers at Rice University have made breakthroughs in understanding how concrete responds to stress at the atomic level. By studying the internal structure of tobermorite, they found that defects can lead to increased strength and toughness by allowing layers to glide past each other.
Rice University scientists have decoded the kinetic properties of cement and developed a way to 'program' microscopic particles to create less porous and more durable material. This technique may lead to stronger structures that require less concrete, reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers at Eindhoven University of Technology aim to develop cement substitute from steel slag, a massive CO2-reduction opportunity. The new cement has potential to replace 'normal cement' and reduce emissions by tens of millions of tons annually.
Researchers found that cement manufacturing emits significant CO2, but also gradually reabsorbs it through a process called carbonation, reducing its overall impact on climate change. Over 76 billion tons of cement were produced between 1930 and 2013, with an estimated 38.2 gigatons of CO2 released.
A new study reveals that cement materials absorb approximately one billion tons of atmospheric CO2 each year, offsetting 43% of CO2 emissions from cement production. The researchers found that mortar cement captured the most carbon, with concrete cement being the second largest contributor.
Rice researchers detail previously unexplored aspects of cement's crystalline nature, which affects the energy required to make it and greenhouse gas emissions. By fine-tuning its components, they hope to save energy and reduce carbon emissions in concrete manufacturing.
A team of researchers has found that the temperature can cause significant volume changes and micro-cracking in cement paste due to water physics. This is because water freezes or evaporates from the smallest pores, causing stresses and expanding the material.
Researchers found that cracks tend to follow the path of least resistance and turn towards voids or portlandite particles, sapping energy from them. This interaction regulates competing deformation mechanisms, leading to increased strength and toughness.
Researchers at MIT have designed a new bioinspired framework to improve concrete's strength and durability. By studying natural materials such as bones and shells, they have developed guidelines for engineers to design cement with precise control over its internal structure and properties.
A new study establishes a link between long-term cement dust exposure and decline in lung volumes. The research found that workers exposed to higher levels of dust experienced significant decreases in lung function over time.
Rice University scientists have discovered that certain types of tricalcium silicates are more efficient to produce cement due to their structural properties. These findings could lead to lower energy consumption and reduced greenhouse gas emissions associated with concrete production, a major contributor to climate change.
Scientists at Diamond Light Source are pioneering research to make the nuclear fuel cycle safer, more efficient, and straightforward. They're developing new cement materials that can effectively contain radioactive waste for thousands of years.
The article highlights the African housing shortage, particularly for low-income families, and explores the challenges posed by inadequate housing. Experts suggest that a combination of local materials and innovative building methods, such as interlocking bricks, could provide affordable solutions.
Researchers investigated how carbon dioxide interacts with host rocks like limestone and sandstone. They found that limestone becomes more permeable when dissolved in saltwater-carbon dioxide mixture, while sandstone's cement degrades.
An international geoscientific group proposes the recognition of a new geological epoch, the Anthropocene, marked by rapid environmental changes caused by human activities. The study finds that human impacts are recorded in geological strata as quantifiable signs, distinguishing it from the relatively stable Holocene epoch.
Researchers at Binghamton University have discovered a material with superior mechanical properties that could be used in fighter planes and spacecraft. The boron nitride nanotubes exhibit stronger interfaces with polymers, enabling the creation of lighter yet more fuel-efficient aircraft and space shuttles.
Researchers have identified 'sweet points' in dental cement where it regains elasticity before hardening, allowing for longer-lasting fillings. This breakthrough could lead to better applications of fillings and easier treatment options for patients.
Scientists discover fiber-reinforced rock resembling Roman concrete at Campi Flegrei volcano, which helped withstand record ground swelling. The natural process mimics ancient Roman construction techniques, using chemical reactions to form a strong and durable material.
Consumers are curating looks and creating images on outfit sharing websites, fueling popular fashion bloggers and a new logic of accessibility. This shift has changed market-level changes in institutional work, categories of actors, and underlying logics.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have developed a new glass ionomer cement for tooth fillings that is mercury-free and offers improved durability. The material has good biological properties and releases fluoride to prevent cavities, making it a promising alternative to existing composite filling materials.
Researchers at UCLA and Université Pierre et Marie Curie identified a method for manufacturing more durable glass that resists temperature variations and aging. This breakthrough could result in stronger materials for various applications, including display screens, fiber optic cables, windows, and cement.
Researchers at Rice University found that optimizing the process of turning clinkers into cement can save a significant amount of energy and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. By analyzing the crystal and atomic structures of clinkers, they identified areas where defects and internal stresses affect the grinding process.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab discover that Roman volcanic ash-lime mortar binds fragments with a durable calcium-alumino-silicate mineral, preventing microcracks from propagating and preserving cohesion. This finding has significant environmental advantages over modern Portland cement-based concretes.
A new study suggests a way to reduce cement's greenhouse-gas output by more than half, resulting in stronger and more durable concrete. By adjusting the calcium-to-silica ratio, the material can achieve twice the resistance of normal cement, with significant reductions in carbon emissions.
Research published in BMJ Open found a link between cement use in partial hip replacement and sudden death, cardiac arrest, or severe decline within minutes of surgery. The study analyzed 62 cases of bone cement implantation syndrome (BCIS) between 2005 and 2012.
EPFL-led consortium develops new cement blend that substitutes up to half of Portland cement, promising to reduce CO2 emissions by up to 40%. The new blend, called LC3, is stronger and more robust than traditional cement, thanks to synergistic chemistry between calcined clay and ground limestone.
A new antibacterial orthodontic cement containing dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM) inhibits biofilm formation and reduces lactic acid production. The results show that the DMADDM-containing cement is promising for reducing demineralization in enamel around orthodontic brackets.
Researchers from the Niels Bohr Institute found that adding sugar cane ash to cement makes it stronger, more durable and crumbles less. The ash helps bind water in the cement, saving energy and reducing pollution from cement production.
Researchers from the University of Southern Denmark have discovered that crushed concrete can bind up to 90% of phosphorus, a key contributor to algae growth. The technique uses crushed concrete as a filter to remove excess phosphorus from rainwater, reducing its impact on water quality and aquatic life.
Researchers from the University of California, Berkeley, have found inspiration in ancient Roman concrete to create more durable and sustainable modern concrete. The discovery could help reduce carbon emissions from cement production and improve the lifespan of structures in ocean environments.
Researchers have discovered properties that made ancient Roman concrete sustainable and durable, with potential applications for environmentally friendly modern concretes. The Roman recipe needed less than 10% lime by weight, making it at two-thirds or less the temperature required by Portland cement.
Researchers from Argonne National Laboratory have created a semi-conductor material by turning liquid cement into liquid metal through electron trapping. This process creates metallic-glass material with positive attributes including conductivity, fluidity, and low energy loss.
A Canadian research project is testing the use of low-carbon fuels from construction and demolition waste, railway ties, and asphalt shingles to power cement plants. The goal is to reduce CO2 emissions, with the potential to decrease Canada's carbon footprint by up to 3%.
Researchers at Kansas State University have developed a material that uses biofuel byproducts to make concrete stronger and reduce its carbon footprint. The new material replaced 20% of cement with cellulosic ash from biofuels, increasing the strength of concrete by 32%.
A new psychology study from the University of Texas at Austin suggests that friendships between straight women and gay men are rooted in the absence of deceptive mating motivations. Gay men may provide more trustworthy love advice to straight women because they don't have conflicts with them, unlike other women or straight men.
Jute has been found to enhance the strength and resistance of mortar and concrete by working as a reinforcement fiber. The addition of jute fibers also delays the hardening process, making it beneficial for applications requiring transported pre-mixed cement aggregates.
A GW University researcher is using a green electrochemical process to form cement without CO2 gases, aiming to replace traditional cement production methods. The project could potentially decrease the cost of solar cement and contribute to training the next generation of renewable energy scientists.
A University of Houston civil engineering researcher has received a $2.6 million grant to develop 'smart' cement that can monitor the health of offshore wells during construction and operation. The new material will retain its piezoresistive nature after hardening, allowing for easy detection and localization of structural problems.