Articles tagged with Electrodes
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Researchers improve energy density of supercapacitors using a suitable electrolyte solvent, doubling the charge storage capacity of titanium carbide MXenes. The study reveals that specific solvents can significantly increase charging speed and boost energy storage.
Proteins exhibit surprising electrical conductivity when connected to electrodes via specific molecules, paving the way for sensitive chemical sensors. The study identifies six proteins capable of conductance, with two specific contacts resulting in highest conductivity.
Scientists successfully demonstrated that electroencephalography can be used to accurately study activity in the deep areas of the brain. This breakthrough technique may lead to better understanding and treatment of diseases such as Parkinson's, Tourette syndrome, and obsessive-compulsive disorders.
Researchers create experimental device to mimic realistic chest impacts, testing its effect on bioengineered heart tissue. Contrary to previous studies, they found that even very rapid strains had no effect on the propagation of electrical impulses.
A new method borrows from Goldilocks thinking for evaluating metal thickness, finding the ideal electrode thickness. This technique can increase catalyst activity by 10-50 times and use 90% less metal than current fuel cells.
Researchers create experimental device to subject bioengineered heart tissue to dynamic strain cycles and measure electrophysiological response. Contrary to previous studies, they found that rapid strains do not disrupt electrical impulses, suggesting alternative explanations for deadly blows to the chest.
Researchers are working on developing faster-charging batteries for electric vehicles by understanding how lithium ions distribute within the electrode. They used X-rays to create a micron-scale movie of lithium distribution, revealing inhomogeneous movement similar to people spreading out in a room.
A research team from the University of Science and Technology of China has developed a simple solution to fabricate large-area Ag-nylon flexible transparent windows for high-efficiency PM2.5 capture. The material shows excellent mechanical stability and can be used as both a thermochromic smart window and a high-efficiency PM2.5 filter.
Researchers create ultrasmall, untethered electrodes activated by near-infrared light for neural stimulation, reducing inflammation and scarring in neural tissue. The technology offers improved spatial precision and potential for deeper tissue access.
The study reveals that using a metallic substrate with higher chemical reactivity can significantly increase the phase transition yield of 2D-TMD materials. This method enables the easy achievement of structural phase transitions and opens possibilities for new device applications such as low contact resistance electrodes.
A Swedish patient has become the first recipient of an osseo-neuromuscular implant to control a dexterous hand prosthesis. The breakthrough technology enables patients to use implanted neuromuscular interfaces to control their prostheses while perceiving sensations in daily life.
Researchers at Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences have developed a method to change the shape of a flat sheet of elastomer using actuation that is fast, reversible, and controllable by an applied voltage.
Researchers have developed graphene quantum dot sensitized C-ZnO nanotaper photoanodes, which demonstrate superior photoconversion efficiency and incident-photon-to-current conversion efficiency. The resulting quantum dot sensitized solar cells exhibit improved photovoltaic performances compared to conventional ZnO-based photoanodes.
Researchers at the University of Kansas are working on a new lithium-oxygen battery technology that promises higher energy storage capacity and longer-lasting performance. The goal is to overcome current limitations, such as slow discharge rates, and develop practical applications for consumer electronics and electric vehicles.
A team of researchers has found that diffusion may not be necessary to transport ionic charges inside a hydrated solid-state structure of a battery electrode. This discovery could lead to new design principles for electrodes and potentially improve the energy density and cycle life of high-power batteries.
Researchers have developed a graphene-based sensor that can detect brain activity below 0.1 Hz, unlocking new insights into epilepsy and brain function. This technology could lead to novel multiplexing strategies, enabling unprecedented mapping of low-frequency neural signals.
Researchers developed nanosized LiFePO4 modified electrodes for biochemical analysis, detecting rutin and hemoglobin with high sensitivity. The electrodes achieved detection limits of 8.0 nmol L-1 for rutin and 0.068 mmol L-1 for trichloroacetic acid reduction.
Researchers found that frequency affects neural activation during electrical stimulation, contrary to previous assumptions. This discovery opens up new possibilities for activating different neural circuits with the same implant, which could lead to improved neuromodulation therapy.
A Johns Hopkins study found that the brain's push-pull dynamic between hemispheres contributes to risk-taking behavior, with cumulative feelings from past bets influencing decisions. Researchers used stereoelectroencephalography to analyze neural signals and developed a mathematical equation to calculate each patient's bias.
Researchers at Binghamton University have developed a new type of microelectromechanical system that uses electrostatic levitation to provide a more robust system, reducing damage to MEMS switches in cell phones and power lines.
Researchers at NYU Tandon School of Engineering have developed a physics-based model that reveals the relationship between structural defects in graphene and electrode sensitivity. By optimizing point defects in number and density, they can create an electrode up to 20 times more sensitive than conventional ones.
Researchers investigated the transition from tunneling leakage current to molecular tunneling in single-molecule junctions, finding optimal nanogap distances for proper function. The study suggests that future single-molecule electronics require precise control over molecular length and gap size.
Scientists have developed a method to monitor changes in membrane potential and observe ion fluxes by studying the behavior of water molecules surrounding neuronal membranes. This breakthrough could provide insight into neural activity, enabling scientists to track neurons without using electrodes or fluorophores.
Researchers at Far Eastern Federal University found that arc welding produces toxic nanoparticles in the air, which can be inhaled through the respiratory system. The particles contain metal oxidation products, particularly those with diameters under 1 nanometer, and can translocate to the central nervous system.
Researchers have developed a tiny device that electrically stimulates the brain, paving the way for minimally invasive treatments for conditions such as epilepsy and Parkinson's disease. The Stentrode can deliver targeted stimulation without open-brain surgery, opening up new possibilities for treating neurological disorders.
Researchers have identified a key brain region, the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), as an effective target for electrical stimulation to improve mood in people with depression. Stimulation of this area has been shown to produce acute improvement in mood and normalize activity in mood-related neural circuitry.
Researchers at Imperial College London have created a rapid prototyping method for intricate electrode patterns, allowing devices to sense and measure biological molecules more efficiently. This method enables community labs and hackspaces to design and develop analytical devices in days, not weeks or months.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have developed a new electrochemical process to clean mercury from water, reducing its content by over 99%. The technique uses a platinum electrode to form an alloy with mercury, creating a stable and recyclable material.
MIT engineers have built and flown the first-ever plane with no moving parts, powered by an 'ionic wind' that generates enough thrust to propel the aircraft over a sustained flight. The lightweight aircraft is silent, doesn't depend on fossil fuels, and produces zero combustion emissions.
Researchers from Ruhr-University Bochum developed a system combining gas diffusion electrode technology with the enzyme hydrogenase to achieve significantly higher current densities. The resulting biofuel cell achieved a power density of up to 3.6 milliwatts per square centimeter and an open circuit voltage of 1.13 volts.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum developed a new fabrication process for transparent ultra-thin silver films, which may improve the efficiency of solar cells and light-emitting diodes. The process overcomes challenges associated with traditional chemical methods.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new system to extend the shelf life of single-use metal-air batteries by introducing an oil barrier that protects the aluminum electrode from corrosion. The design has shown a thousandfold improvement in energy loss, enabling batteries to last up to 24 days without degradation.
Researchers have developed a 3D 'organ on a chip' that enables real-time continuous monitoring of cells, which could lead to the development of new treatments for diseases. The device allows scientists to study cells and tissues in new ways, mimicking the body's native three-dimensional environments.
The EPFL-developed nerve-on-a-chip platform enables rapid recording of hundreds of nerve responses with a high signal-to-noise ratio. The platform can also record individual nerve cell activity, enabling the development of more effective neuroprosthetics for treating chronic pain and regenerating peripheral nerves.
Scientists at UC Santa Cruz and LLNL fabricated electrodes using printable graphene aerogel to build a porous three-dimensional scaffold loaded with pseudocapacitive material. The novel electrodes achieved the highest areal capacitance, while maintaining performance without sacrificing energy storage capacity per unit mass or volume.
Researchers have created a see-through microfluidic device that minimizes biological sample destruction and allows for clear observation of inner workings. Thin hafnium oxide layers enable biocompatibility and transparency, reducing unwanted side effects like cell lysis.
A Kanazawa University-based collaboration developed a microscopy approach to visualize real-space charge distribution at interfaces. The technique, called 3D open-loop electric potential microscopy (OL-EPM), overcomes challenges in measuring lateral charge distribution at solid-liquid interfaces.
A KAIST research team has reported a stretchable pressure insensitive strain sensor by using an all solution-based process. The new electronic skin can distinguish mechanical stimuli analogous to human skin and can be uniformly coated on 3-dimensional surfaces.
Researchers at Lund University discovered that intestinal bacteria like Enterococcus faecalis can generate an electric current from breaking down sugar inside their cells. This finding has implications for bioenergy production, waste treatment, and biosensors.
A UC Berkeley study reveals the brain's orbitofrontal cortex replays and revisits nearly every feature of previous decisions after placing a bet. The researchers found that gamblers' regret from losing or not betting more is the main driver of activity in this region.
Researchers at the University of British Columbia have developed a plasma treatment method that modifies electrode surfaces to facilitate efficient water transport in fuel cells. This innovation enables fuel cells to operate effectively without excessive moisture, improving overall performance and energy conversion rates.
A new 'see-through' EEG device, developed by Boston Children's Hospital researchers, measures individual neurons with fine-grained precision. The transparent microelectrode array enables simultaneous neuroimaging and optogenetics experiments.
A pilot study found that transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation improved arousal, lubrication, and orgasm in women with female sexual dysfunction. Eight out of nine participants reported significant improvements, comparable to or greater than prior studies of different treatments for FSD.
Researchers developed a ceramic steam electrode that self-assembles for high-performance electrochemical hydrogen production below 600o C. This breakthrough enables efficient hydrogen production using only water and electricity.
Researchers at The University of Tokyo's Institute of Industrial Science developed a method to detect the motion of individual molecules using terahertz radiation. This breakthrough allows for the study of molecular vibrations and electron tunneling with unprecedented sensitivity.
Researchers fabricated an asymmetric supercapacitor based on FeCo-selenide nanosheet arrays, demonstrating a specific capacitance of 978 F/g and cycle stability of 81.2%. The device also showed excellent electrochemical performance, providing evidence that FeCo-selenide could be the next-generation promising electrode material.
Researchers designed a novel molecular wire with a polyyne backbone and a ruthenium-based unit, achieving higher conductance than previous organic molecular wires. The origin of high conductance lies in orbital splitting, which induces changes in the electron orbitals to facilitate electron transfer between metal electrodes and the wir...
Researchers have developed a practical and inexpensive way to prevent lithium-ion battery fires by hardening the electrolyte on impact. The additive-based approach uses a shear-thickening behavior to block fluid flow, preventing electrode contact and fire.
A study published in the journal HeartRhythm recommends that pediatric patients with epicardial devices should get regular screening chest x-rays and cine CT scans or catheter angiography to assess their wires and detect coronary artery compression. This can help prevent fatal complications and identify patients at risk.
Nir Grossman's temporal interference (TI) approach stimulates deep brain regions without surgery, offering a new treatment option for brain disorders. TI uses multiple electric fields to target specific brain areas, improving spatial resolution and non-invasiveness.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a new 3D printing method that creates porous microlattice structures in battery electrodes, resulting in fourfold increase in specific capacity and twofold increase in areal capacity. The technology has potential applications in consumer electronics, medical devices, aerospace, a...
Researchers at Columbia University have used Stimulated Raman Scattering microscopy to directly observe ion transport in electrolytes for the first time. They discovered a lithium deposition process with three stages: no depletion, partial depletion, and full depletion of lithium ions. The study also found a feedback mechanism between ...
New class of materials has been identified that can be used to make batteries that charge faster. Lithium ions move through the materials at rates that exceed typical electrode materials, resulting in a much faster-charging battery. The researchers found that these materials, known as niobium tungsten oxides, do not result in higher en...
Researchers from the University of Basel and IBM Research - Zurich have developed a technique that allows electrical contact to individual molecules to be established. Thousands of stable metal-molecule-metal components can be produced simultaneously by depositing a film of nanoparticles onto the molecules.
A South Korean research team has developed an organic image sensor that captures vivid colors without color filters, increasing R/G/B color selection options. The new-concept image sensor uses a bonding technique between organic semiconductors and transparent electrodes, reducing surface defects and improving reproduction.
A new thermal camouflage system has been developed by researchers, allowing it to rapidly adapt to different temperatures and become indistinguishable from its surroundings. The system, which contains layers of graphene and an ionic liquid, can be applied to a variety of surfaces and is thin, light, and flexible.
A new capacitive sensor design created by Binghamton University professor Ron Miles allows for efficient sound sensing in devices without significant electrostatic forces. The flexible sensor can move with small air movements, addressing issues with existing sensors and expanding possibilities for applications.
Researchers at KAUST have developed a novel biosensor that can detect metabolites like lactate with high efficiency. This device combines an electron transporting polymer with lactate oxidase to realize efficient electron transfer, promoting electrical communication between the sensing electrode and enzyme.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology found that sodium- and potassium-ion batteries can be more stable and have a longer life than previously thought. The study suggests that these batteries could be used in large-scale energy storage systems, such as smart grids, due to their potential for cost-effectiveness.
Researchers at UC San Diego developed a technique to engineer graphene electrodes with low impedance and transparency. This allows for simultaneous recording of neuronal activity and high-quality imaging of brain cell activity in transgenic mice. The technology brings graphene electrodes closer to being adapted into next-generation bra...