Articles tagged with Integrated Circuits
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A WSU research team has uncovered previously unknown vulnerabilities in high-performance computer chips, which could be exploited by malicious attacks. The communications system is a critical component of the chip, and its malfunction can have severe consequences.
Researchers at Purdue University have discovered a new material that can store and retrieve data quickly without consuming too much power. The material, molybdenum ditelluride, allows for faster switching between high and low resistance states, which can increase the rate of storing and retrieving information.
Researchers have developed an ultrathin, stretchable electronic skin that can be used for various human-machine interactions. The new method creates a fast, simple, and inexpensive way to produce thin-film circuits with integrated microelectronics.
Researchers at Lobachevsky University have synthesized a hexagonal modification of silicon with enhanced optical properties, which can be used in optoelectronic integrated circuits. The material was created using ion implantation and exhibits an associated emission band in the infrared region.
Researchers from Tohoku University and the University of Barcelona have developed an in vitro neural circuit model that reproduces complex brain-like functions. The study reveals the importance of modular organization for maximizing flexibility in neural circuits, as well as the potential of biophysical models to understand collective ...
The new material allows for more data to be stored on CDs and microchips, with potential applications in high-density memories and devices that mimic human brains. It also addresses a problem called drift, which affects current materials' stability.
Researchers at the University of Vienna and McGill University have created a new approach to synthesizing RNA, making it up to a million times more efficient than previous methods. The breakthrough uses photolithographic fabrication technology and a new protecting group to produce RNA chips with high yields.
A NASA team is experimenting with ultrafast lasers to weld dissimilar materials, including exotic glasses and metals. The goal is to develop new manufacturing techniques that could benefit spaceflight instruments.
Osaka University-led scientists created integrated gene logic-chips called 'gene nanochips' to control gene expression and program cells. These nanochips can switch genes on and off within a single chip, preventing unintended crosstalk.
Researchers at RIT will use photonic integrated circuit technology to improve processing speed and energy consumption of brain-inspired computing techniques. The project aims to realize high performance neural networks using light, enabling applications in autonomous systems, imaging, and cybersecurity.
A new protective metamaterial 'cladding' prevents light from leaking out of curvy pathways in computer chips, allowing for more efficient processing. This breakthrough enables the integration of photonic with electric circuitry, increasing communication speed and reducing power consumption.
The University of Utah's Pierre-Emmanuel Gaillardon led two projects awarded by DARPA's Electronics Resurgence Initiative, focusing on developing open-source hardware compilers and high-quality FPGAs. The projects aim to create an eco-system for rapid development of complex system-on-chips.
The University of California San Diego is developing open-source hardware design automation tools with a $11.3M DARPA grant, aiming to create automated 24-hour chip design. Machine learning and extreme design partitioning will be applied to tackle the challenges of high-performance computing.
Researchers found that the elephant-nose fish generates negative images to filter out its own electrical interference, enabling it to better detect external signals and navigate its environment. This ability was demonstrated through neural recordings and behavioral experiments.
Scientists at Tokyo Institute of Technology designed a tiny, fast, reliable, and accurate 28-GHz transceiver for stable high-speed 5G communications. The new transceiver employs a local oscillator (LO) phase shifting approach, achieving an improvement in beam steering resolution of an order of magnitude compared to previous designs.
Spin waves transmitted through a magnetic insulator film have the advantage that energy loss is small and long-distance transmission is possible. By studying the influence of stress magnitude on spin waves, researchers found that large stress can transmit spin waves even with weak permanent magnets attached.
Microgap cooling technology aims to remove excessive heat from tightly packed electronics and devices, which are vulnerable to overheating in space. The test on the Blue Origin New Shepard launch vehicle will validate the system's performance under microgravity conditions.
University of Illinois engineers create 3D rolled-up transformers that take up to 100 times less space, perform better, and have a simpler fabrication process than traditional designs. The new design enables high-frequency signals and integration into IoT applications.
University of Waterloo chemists have found a new way to process and store information by inducing magnetization in semiconductors with light. This discovery could lead to the development of faster and more efficient computing devices, potentially extending Moore's Law.
Researchers have developed a novel microchip called BATLESS, which can continue to operate even when the battery runs out of energy. The chip uses a small on-chip solar cell to harness energy from the environment, allowing it to switch between minimum-energy and minimum-power modes.
A team of UC Santa Barbara scientists has developed a miniature, energy-efficient optical frequency synthesizer that can be integrated onto silicon photonic integrated circuits. The device can tune over 50 nanometers and deliver a frequency stability of 7 x 10-13 after one second of averaging, matching that of the input reference clock.
Purdue researchers design a compact switch that enables reliable confinement of light to small computer chip components, bypassing unwanted absorption of photons using surface plasmons. The development paves the way for hybrid photonic and electronic nanocircuitry, potentially leading to faster information processing in supercomputers.
Researchers developed an inkjet printing technique to print optical components such as waveguides with high precision. The technique can also fabricate electronics and microfluidics, paving the way for combined devices on a single chip.
Pai-Yen Chen, a Wayne State University professor, has received a $500,000 NSF CAREER grant to develop more efficient wireless wearable sensors using graphene-based bioelectronics. The technology holds promise for monitoring ocular health and detecting diseases.
Researchers at Hebrew University of Jerusalem have created a terahertz microchip that enables computers to run 100 times faster through optic communications. The new integrated circuit uses flash memory technology and has overcome major challenges of overheating and scalability.
Researchers found a brain circuit in the primary visual cortex that combines head and visual movement signals, enabling appropriate behavioral responses. This circuit involves the retrosplenial cortex, which encodes spatial navigation information.
Researchers aim to improve computer chip components with new materials and designs. The NEW LIMITS center will develop ultra-thin 2-D materials to boost transistor performance while maintaining smaller size.
Researchers developed a device that combines metasurface lenses with MEMS technology, enabling fast scanning and beam steering. The integrated device can control the angular rotation of a flat lens and scan the focal spot by several degrees.
MIT researchers have developed a new chip that consumes only 1/400 as much power as software execution of public-key encryption protocols, executing 500 times faster. The chip uses a general-purpose elliptic-curve design and features a dedicated inverter circuit to increase energy efficiency and reduce surface area.
Researchers developed ultra-thin memory storage device combining nanoscale memory and transistors, paving the way for advanced computing systems.
Harvard researchers have developed a technique to fabricate high-quality lithium niobate devices with ultralow loss and high optical confinement. This breakthrough opens the door to practical integrated photonic circuits for applications in quantum photonics, microwave-to-optical conversion, and more.
Cornell University engineers have developed event-based algorithms mimicking neural activity for tiny robots, enabling greater autonomy and adaptability. The technology aims to improve micro-robots' ability to navigate complex environments without increasing their weight or power consumption.
The European Research Council has awarded a €2 million ERC Consolidator Grant to TU Darmstadt's Heinz Koeppl for his project 'CONSYN', which aims to improve the design of synthetic genetic circuits. The grant will support computational modelling and computer-aided circuit synthesis to overcome experimental challenges in synthetic biology.
Scientists at Lund University have developed new systems to study microorganisms in the ground using microchips, revealing complex ecosystems and interactions between microbes and their environment. The technology allows for real-time analysis of microbial processes, enabling researchers to better understand soil structures and functions.
Researchers have created a method to make photonic devices that can bend and stretch without damage, using a specialized glass called chalcogenide. These flexible devices could be used in various applications such as skin-mounted monitoring devices, diagnostic systems, or as connectors for electronics.
A $10 microchip can be mounted onto a traditional ultrasound probe, providing 3-D imaging abilities similar to CT scans or MRIs. This technology has the potential to improve patient care, especially in emergency medicine and trauma cases where CT scans are not available.
A new method to control the momentum of broadband light has been demonstrated in a widely-used optical component known as a whispering gallery microcavity. This breakthrough enables coupling of all color lights with a single optical coupler, paving the way for applications in optical quantum processing and photonics.
Researchers created photonic computer chips mimicking human brain's synapses, enabling speeds a thousand times faster than the human brain. The breakthrough paves the way for new age of computing where machines work and think like the human brain.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a new gene circuit design strategy that can predict gene circuit behaviors using an integrated modeling framework. The framework, developed by Associate Professor Ting Lu and his graduate students, has successfully predicted key host metrics for multiple bacteria, including Esche...
University of Sydney researchers have achieved a groundbreaking breakthrough in transferring digital information between light waves and sound waves on a microchip. The innovation enables faster processing and reduces energy consumption by slowing down data transfer velocity to five orders of magnitude, making it suitable for use in te...
Researchers at Caltech have developed a prototype miniature medical device that can diagnose and treat diseases by tracking its location in the body. The ATOMS devices, which borrow from MRI principles, contain integrated sensors and wireless transmission technology to mimic atomic resonance properties.
The CUDOS research group has created compact, mass manufacturable optical circuits by integrating nonlinear glasses with silicon-based material. This breakthrough enables faster data processing and opens up opportunities for miniaturizing photonics devices, from laptops to smartphones.
Researchers at the University of Hamburg have developed a new transistor concept based on metal nanoparticles, which exhibit energy gap properties due to Coulomb repulsion. This approach enables scalable synthesis, high-quality thin films and flexible devices with adjustable electrical characteristics.
A team of researchers has discovered magnetic vortex-antivortex pairs arising from correlated electron spins in a newly engineered trilayer material. The finding could advance memory cells and points to the potential development of 3-D magnetic logic circuits.
Scientists have successfully demonstrated electronic spin effects in wet-chemically produced nanocrystals, opening doors to more efficient and powerful electronics. The Rashba effect, a phenomenon normally not observed due to high crystal symmetry, was controlled by varying layer thickness, light used, and electric fields.
Researchers from Rice University and the Texas Heart Institute have developed a battery-less pacemaker that can be implanted directly into a patient's heart. The device harnesses energy wirelessly from radio frequency radiation transmitted by an external battery pack, reducing complications related to traditional lead-based pacemakers.
Researchers from Graphene Flagship have successfully integrated graphene into a CMOS circuit, enabling the creation of high-resolution image sensors that can detect UV, visible, and infrared light. This technology has vast applications in fields such as safety, security, and medical imaging.
Researchers at ICFO have developed a graphene-QD CMOS image sensor that can capture visible and infrared light simultaneously. This breakthrough technology enables applications such as night vision, food inspection, fire control, and environmental monitoring, while also reducing production costs and enabling mass-market production.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed hybrid circuits that leverage both digital and analog components to improve the computational power of chaos-based systems. By distributing computation between digital and analog circuits, they achieve exponential reductions in computational time and enhance noise tolerance.
Researchers at NTT Corporation have combined a sub-wavelength nanowire with a photonic crystal platform to demonstrate two key firsts: Continuous-wave lasing oscillation by sub-wavelength nanowire, as well as high-speed signal modulation by a nanowire laser. This breakthrough overcomes material incompatibility issues and enables the de...
A team of researchers at MIT and University of Chicago has developed a self-assembly technique to produce narrow wires on microchips, breaking through fundamental limits in manufacturing processes. The new method uses block copolymers and could be scaled up for mass manufacturing with standard equipment.
Researchers develop subtransmitter concept to separate send and receive bands digitally, eliminating need for filters, and enabling simultaneous summation and cancellation of radio frequency signals across wide range of frequencies.
Researchers created an AI system called DeepStack that outperforms human players in heads-up no-limit poker by leveraging asymmetrical information about the game state. The system solves approximately 10^7 decision points in 5 seconds, enabling potential advances in real-world problems involving information asymmetry.
Researchers at Northwestern University successfully integrated borophene with an organic material, forming a self-assembled monolayer next to the borophene sheet. This breakthrough enables the formation of well-controlled interfaces between distinct materials, which is crucial for creating diodes and photovoltaics.
Cosmic rays generated by particles from outside the solar system can alter individual bits of data stored in memory, causing single-event upsets (SEUs) that can be difficult to characterize. The problem is becoming increasingly serious as computer chip technology advances and becomes smaller.
Researchers at RMIT University have developed a new technique using liquid metals to create ultra-thin electronic chips, paving the way for the next generation of electronics. The process enables the production of large wafers just 1.5 nanometres in depth, increasing processing power and reducing costs.
Researchers at Michigan State University have created a stretchable integrated circuit made entirely using an inkjet printer, enabling the potential for inexpensive mass production of smart fabric. The material can be produced on a standard printer and has applications in wearable electronics and soft robotics.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a new terahertz chip technology that can generate and capture intricate details of terahertz waves. The system uses tiny devices inside the microchip to read patterns created by the waves, enabling potential applications in medical imaging, communications, and drug development.
Researchers at Eindhoven University of Technology have developed a nano-LED that is 1000 times more efficient than predecessors, enabling gigabits per second data speeds. The new light source has the potential to take the brake off data traffic growth on chips.
A team of researchers has achieved the first optical coherence tomography images of cubic meter volumes, offering opportunities for long-range measurements and imaging. The new technology could be used to monitor processes, take technical measurements and nondestructively evaluate materials in industrial settings.