Articles tagged with Metals
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers have discovered a new physical phenomenon called acoustic plasmon, which can be triggered into an excited state with very low energy input. This discovery could have significant implications for the design of ultra-high velocity electronic devices and materials for medical applications.
A study found that diabetic patients who continued long-term clopidogrel therapy had lower rates of heart attack and death compared to those who discontinued the medication, regardless of stent type. Long-term clopidogrel therapy was particularly beneficial in reducing mortality risk with bare metal stents.
A panel of experts shares their perspective on the causes of stent thrombosis, including early discontinuation of anticoagulation medication and stent fracture. The latest research on its prevention will also be discussed, highlighting the need for better strategies to solve this problem.
Researchers at UCR have discovered cyclic alkyl amino carbenes (CAACs), which can mimic the behavior of metals in splitting hydrogen under mild conditions. This breakthrough could lead to the development of carbon-based systems for storing hydrogen and producing useful amino compounds.
X-ray scattering techniques have been successfully applied to determine how dissolved metal ions interact in solution, revealing their structures and long-range interactions. This research helps understand how metal ions behave in the environment and has implications for predicting reactions to metal contaminants.
A new Mayo Clinic study found that heart patients' likelihood of receiving a drug-eluting stent varies greatly by insurance type, hospital location, and procedural volume. Patients with private insurance are more likely to receive a drug-eluting stent than those with Medicare or Medicaid, while hospitals serving large numbers of Medica...
Researchers at the University of Delaware will identify nano-sized catalysts to convert liquid fuels into hydrogen. The goal is to supply affordable hydrogen with reduced emissions for powering cars and heating homes.
Scientists at Harvard University have developed a method for creating microfluidic channels with parallel metal wires, allowing for the control of magnetic components. The method uses polydimethylsiloxane resin and molten solder to produce stable metal cables, which can generate strong magnetic fields within the channel.
Researchers at Queen's University have devised a novel approach to creating emulsions, which can be used for various industrial applications such as cleaning up oil spills and extracting oil deposits from tar sands. The new 'green chemistry' solution uses a reversible surfactant that can be activated by carbon dioxide or air, allowing ...
Scientists at the University of Alberta developed a unique coating process to make the sharpest tip known, opening doors to new possibilities in electron microscopy and nanotechnology. The sharp tips can withstand extreme temperatures and enable finer resolution in electron microscopes.
Researchers have found that various bacterial species can form electrically conductive wires under different environmental conditions, leading to a new understanding of microbial energy distribution. The discovery, made by microbiologist Yuri Gorby, suggests that the planet may be 'hard-wired' with electricity-producing bacteria.
Researchers have determined that gallium evens out the uneven bonds between plutonium atoms, leading to a stable high-symmetry cubic structure. The findings shed light on the nature of plutonium and improve confidence in its safety and reliability.
The lecture highlights the evolution of interventional cardiology, from longer procedure times and higher risks of heart attacks to advancements in steerable guidewires, perfusion catheters, and drug-eluting stents. Bioabsorbable stents offer a promising solution by dissolving into carbon dioxide and water once healed.
Researchers at Rice University have made an unexpected plasmonic discovery, finding that terahertz waves slow down as they pass through smaller metal wires. This phenomenon has significant implications for the development of new chemical sensors and endoscopes.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that gamma ray bursts are rare and unlikely to occur near our solar system due to the Milky Way's metal content. The study suggests that GRBs pose no danger to life in our galaxy, dismissing theories of mass extinctions caused by these events.
Researchers at the University of California - Davis have detected lattice solitons in heated uranium crystals using X-ray and neutron scattering experiments. The isolated vibrations play an important role in uranium metal, shedding new light on a previously unknown property of solid materials.
Brookhaven scientists have developed a method to create well-defined nanoparticles of metal compounds for catalytic interest. This new approach, reactive layer assisted deposition (RLAD), enables researchers to understand the atomic structures of these particles and their reactivity on the nano scale.
The TAXUS Express trial showed that paclitaxel-eluting stents reduced restenosis by 40% and cardiac events by 11.5%, compared to vascular brachytherapy. The benefits were achieved without compromising safety, making drug-eluting stents the new standard of care for most patients with restenosis.
A Dartmouth research study confirmed earlier findings that toxic metals like arsenic and lead remain in the top 10 inches of soil after pesticide use. The new study reveals these metals are now part of the fine silt and organic matter, increasing erosion risk to nearby waters.
Scientists from Max Planck Institute and MIT perform atom-by-atom investigations, gaining insight into dynamic fracture instabilities. They propose a new model that explains how material properties affect crack propagation, with implications for understanding fracture in various materials and scales.
Researchers have manipulated hydrogen atoms below the surface of a palladium crystal, creating a structure predicted to be important in fuel cells, metal catalysis, and hydrogen storage. This breakthrough allows scientists to test theoretical predictions and apply data from direct observation.
Scientists have found experimental evidence of quantum chaos in a system with freely dispersing components. The researchers replicated an historical experiment, demonstrating photoelectric effect and observing Ericson fluctuations.
A study found that drug-eluting stents significantly reduce the risk of restenosis in vein grafts, cutting heart attack rates by fourfold compared to bare metal stents. The treatment also decreases repeat procedures and death rates, suggesting a long-term advantage for patients with worn and diseased vein grafts.
Researchers studied gold nanoparticles supported by carbon atoms and found that a large carbon shell can physically squeeze together particles, triggering a merging process. This discovery suggests encapsulating individual metal nanoparticles within carbon shells could prevent uncontrolled size changes in nanoparticle arrays.
Researchers have developed diamond-like carbon coatings for medical implants, reducing friction and corrosion while providing biocompatibility. The new method of coating plastics, metals, and collagen enables the production of harder-wearing implants and enhances patient outcomes.
Federal, provincial and territorial mines ministers agree that vulnerable mining communities are a priority. The conference discussed ways to maintain community viability through cooperation on exploration initiatives, processing technologies, and Aboriginal engagement.
The TAXUS V trial found paclitaxel-eluting stents significantly reduced angiographic restenosis and target vessel revascularization rates. The study's results support the use of these stents for patients with more complex coronary lesions, reducing the risk of artery re-narrowing after angioplasty.
Researchers have designed new cyclic alkyl amino carbenes (CAACs) that enhance stability and efficiency of metal catalysts. These carbene-based catalysts facilitate faster chemical transformations at lower temperatures, reducing costs in pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Researchers at NIST have developed chip-scale refrigerators capable of reaching temperatures as low as 100 milliKelvin, enabling cooling of bulk objects. The solid-state refrigerators have applications in semiconductor defect analysis and astronomical research.
Researchers at Rutgers University develop nanostructured iridium surfaces to extract hydrogen from ammonia, enabling efficient fuel cell operation. The process could contribute to the solution of hydrogen economy's storage and transport obstacles.
UCR researchers Ludwig Bartels and team advance nanoscale electronics development by controlling chemical reactions one molecule at a time. They use an STM to guide individual molecules through step-by-step reactions, enabling fine-tuning of reactivity and optimizing atomic-scale construction of complex molecules.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have developed a new set of molecules that can catalyze the cleanup of common groundwater pollutants called organohalides. The compounds 'break bonds' holding dangerous pollutants together, rendering them safer.
Research found that adults with high blood concentrations of lead or cadmium were almost three times more likely to develop peripheral artery disease, a condition similar to coronary artery disease. The study suggests that low-level exposure to these metals may be problematic in terms of cardiovascular disease risk.
A study of 2,125 adults found that those with the highest blood concentrations of lead or cadmium were almost three times more likely to develop PAD. The highest levels of the two metals were well within what is currently considered safe levels.
Scientists at Yale University used X-ray crystallography to image the self-splicing group-I intron and its associations with metal ions. This discovery reveals an evolutionarily ancient mechanism for RNA splicing, previously thought only possible in proteins.
Researchers discovered an optimal shape of nanoscale contact surface that enhances adhesion strength, which becomes insensitive to small variations at a critical size scale of around 100 nanometers. This finding suggests combining size reduction and shape optimization for robust and reliable adhesion.
Catalina Achim, a Carnegie Mellon University chemist, has received the prestigious NSF CAREER award to support her research on incorporating metal ions into peptide nucleic acid (PNA). The grant will also enable her to develop an interdisciplinary course bridging inorganic chemistry and art.
The new system uses high-frequency seismic waves to detect buried mines, distinguishing them from soil and ground clutter. Researchers have demonstrated its advantage in laboratory and limited field tests, with promising results at government testing facilities.
A new cryogenic refrigerator, developed by NIST, uses a solid-state design to cool X-ray detectors to subKelvin temperatures. The device reduces the need for bulky and expensive current equipment, making it ideal for semiconductor manufacturing and astronomical applications.
Researchers have deciphered the genome of Geobacter sulfurreducens, a microbe that can remove dissolved uranium from groundwater and generate electricity. The study reveals new capabilities, including enhanced electron transport and metal reduction genes.
Scientists discover conditions for cracks to propagate supersonically in brittle solids, challenging classical theories on fracture speed. Hyperelasticity governs dynamic fracture under extreme deformation, with a characteristic length scale near the crack tip.
Researchers at NIST created improved phantom materials that can mimic blood, bone, fat, and skin using carbon black powder. These polymers have low-frequency electrical properties and can be formed in various shapes and sizes.
Researchers have found a new state of matter where bosons condense into a glass-like, metallic state. This discovery contradicts the conventional theory of metals and poses a serious theoretical question about the nature of this intermediate phase.
Johns Hopkins researchers found deformation twinning in nanocrystalline aluminum, explaining how it deforms under high loads. This discovery will help build models to predict the performance of these materials in real-world devices.
A Ph.D. student in chemistry at Virginia Tech has been selected to attend the 53rd Meeting of the Nobel Laureates, focusing on biochemistry. The student will have personal interactions with Nobel laureates and engage in seminars and roundtable discussions.
Researchers at Rutgers University and Los Alamos National Laboratories used computer simulations to predict that heated plutonium will collapse five percent in volume and exhibit anisotropic elastic properties, leading to unusual deformation behaviors. This study aims to aid material scientists and engineers in storing the metal.
The SNAP process creates high-density nanowire lattices with reported junction densities exceeding 1011 per square centimeter. Researchers can deposit wires out of almost any material and transfer them onto substrates for various applications, including molecular switches, sensors, and magnetic storage devices.
Researchers pinpoint stellar production of helium, revealing it was 24-25% of matter in the primordial universe. The study's findings suggest metal-rich stars produce 2.1 times as much helium as metals, with implications for dark energy.
Rice University scientists develop a nanosensor that can precisely analyze chemical information, opening doors for new methods to examine single molecules. The technology has widespread applications in environmental science, chemistry and biosensing, with potential early detection of cancer.
Researchers establish superconductivity in lithium at pressures greater than 30 GPa, with critical temperatures ranging from 9 K to 16 K. This finding contradicts theory and sparks interest in searching for high-temperature superconductivity in light element compounds.
The Purdue team has developed a new type of antenna that can detect a single molecule using electromagnetic radiation. This innovation could lead to detectors millions of times more sensitive than current technology, with potential applications in medical diagnostics and homeland security.
The Cornell team will study the chemistry of inorganic-organic interfaces and develop fabrication methods to overcome difficulties in connecting wires to organic transistors. Their goal is to produce testable devices with useful properties, tackling challenging problems in molecular-based electronics.
A new computational model developed at Purdue University accurately predicts the performance of thermal-barrier coatings, allowing designers to predict the properties of various mixtures. The model has been shown to be over 90% accurate and promises to save time and money by ruling out ineffective mixtures.
Chemists at Ohio State University have created the first-ever compounds of uranium bonded to atoms of three so-called
Researchers from Utrecht have discovered that carbon nanofibres can effectively replace active carbon as a carrier for catalysts, enhancing the efficiency of hydrogenation reactions. The new material allows for the reuse of catalysts and has shown promise in the industrial-scale production of compounds like cinnamon alcohol.
Researchers at Purdue University have successfully linked two tiny structures called quantum dots to create a semiconductor-based quantum computer. The device uses quantum bits that exist in both on and off states simultaneously, enabling faster processing of information than conventional computers.
A recent study by Virginia Tech researchers reveals that despite corrosion, the lead in bullets and shot remains trapped in mineral coatings, reducing environmental risk at shooting ranges. High concentrations of lead have been found on ranges worldwide, raising concerns about toxicity and environmental impact.
Virginia Tech researchers create supramolecular complexes with multiple capabilities, including new DNA binding properties and solar energy conversion potential. The complexes are formed by connecting metal-based molecules using polyazine ligands, allowing for the creation of diverse systems with unique properties.
Research shows that smoking exacerbates circulatory problems caused by vibration white finger, a condition affecting workers who use pneumatic tools. Smokers are twice as likely to experience severe symptoms of vasoconstriction compared to non-smokers.
University of Cincinnati researchers have developed new techniques to analyze selenium in food supplements, identify arsenic accumulation in seafood and sea plants, and speed up sample preparation using microwave energy. These advancements hold promise for environmental health, bioremediation, and understanding metal toxicity.