Articles tagged with Nanostructures
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Scientists at KIT replicate nanostructures that produce vibrant colors independent of viewing angle, suitable for textile, packaging and cosmetic industries. The innovation could replace toxic pigments with sustainable alternatives.
Researchers at TU Wien have successfully created nanostructures made of pure gold using an additive direct-write lithography technique. The new method allows for the fabrication of three-dimensional gold structures, which are essential for various applications in electronics and sensor technology.
Researchers have developed a flexible, disposable sensor for monitoring proteins in the blood released from damaged heart muscle cells after a heart attack. The sensor uses nanostructures to detect low concentrations of troponins with high accuracy, enabling quick diagnosis and treatment at home.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed a method to guide the self-assembly of multiple molecular patterns within a single material, creating new nanoscale architectures. This technique enables the spontaneous formation of complex nanostructures without exhaustive preliminary patterning.
An international team has discovered an elegant way to decouple organic nanosheets grown on metal surfaces. By exposing the networks to iodine vapour, they reduced the adhesion between the network and the metal, allowing the molecules to behave almost as if they were free-standing.
Researchers at PNNL have developed a stronger titanium alloy using a novel nanostructure, with potential applications in lightweight vehicle parts. The alloy achieved a 10-15% increase in strength, making it suitable for high-strength-to-cost ratio and greater fuel economy.
Researchers at RMIT University have developed a method to grow nanostructures that degrade organic matter when exposed to light, directly onto textiles. The technology has the potential to create fully self-cleaning textiles that can spontaneously clean stains and grime with minimal effort.
A team of scientists has developed a colorless, non-toxic ink for use in inkjet printers, inspired by the nanostructure of squid skin for natural camouflage. The ink, made from titanium dioxide, can be deposited on various surfaces without high-temperature fixing and does not fade from UV exposure.
A new research by L. Mahadevan and his team discovered a fundamental origami fold, the Miura-ori, that can be used to create almost any three-dimensional shape. The team developed an algorithm that can create certain shapes using the Miura-ori fold, repeated with small variations.
Researchers at McGill University have developed a method to assemble gold nanoparticles using DNA structures, allowing for the creation of novel materials with unique properties. This 'printing press' for nanoparticles has the potential to facilitate use in electronic and medical applications.
Researchers develop aluminum nanostructure pixels using plasmon resonance to create vibrant colors across the entire visible spectrum. The new approach enables the production of high-resolution images and improved display performance.
Researchers at INRS develop a new strategy for fabricating atomically controlled carbon nanostructures using molecular self-assembly and chain polymerization. The technique produces network of long-range poly(para-phenylene) (PPP) nanowires on copper surface, displaying quasi one-dimensional dispersion in conductive polymeric nanowires.
A recent study reveals that tiny nanostructures in the exoskeletons of blue-haired tarantulas are responsible for their vibrant color. The researchers believe this discovery could lead to new ways to improve computer and TV screens using biomimicry.
Researchers have developed a new computed tomography method that uses scattering to visualize nanostructures in objects measuring just a few millimeters. This technique allows for the precise three-dimensional visualization of collagen fibers in human teeth, revealing their detailed structure for the first time.
Scientists have successfully developed a method to control both heat and electricity conduction in thermoelectric materials using nanostructures. By introducing ultrasmall Ge nanodots into Si, they achieved high electric conductivity and low thermal conductivity, enabling simultaneous control of both.
By 'crumpling' hybrid nanostructures, researchers increased surface area and improved SERS detection sensitivity. The new design enables enhanced nanoplasmonic sensing applications for environmental analysis, pharmaceuticals, and biomedical research.
Researchers created a compact photonic switch on silicon nanostructures, enabling ultrafast optical pulse switching at femtosecond rates. This device could revolutionize computing by transferring data at tens and hundreds terabits per second, outperforming traditional electronic devices.
Researchers discovered that umbrella-shaped diamond nanostructures with metal mirrors can collect photons three to five times more efficiently than bulk diamond. This breakthrough could lead to applications in magnetic sensors and quantum computing.
Researchers successfully grew atomically thin 2D sheets of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites from solution, exhibiting efficient photoluminescence, color-tunability, and unique structural relaxation. The ultrathin sheets have square-shaped geometry, high quality crystallinity, and large size, facilitating their integration into futu...
Researchers from Aalto University have developed DNA nanostructures for smart drug-delivery vehicles and molecular devices. These structures provide new applications in molecular medicine, such as targeting cancer cells with tailored payloads.
Researchers at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München have developed a novel photonic crystal that changes color in response to moisture, enabling humidity-sensitive contactless control. The nanosheet-based material displays unparalleled sensitivity and response time, making it ideal for next-generation touchless navigation systems.
The researchers used broad ion beams to create nanostructured arrays on a gallium arsenide wafer, resulting in well-defined structures reminiscent of sand dunes. The process involves heating the sample during ion bombardment and compensating for missing atom bonds by forming pairs of gallium atoms.
The 'dancing droplets' phenomenon allows small droplets to launch themselves from moderately hydrophobic surfaces, enabling efficient removal of accumulated droplets in fibrous webs. This technology has potential applications in water purification and oil refining by reducing clogging and improving efficiency.
Researchers at Cornell University have created a polymer mold that can shape liquid silicon into perfect, 3-D single crystal nanostructures. The breakthrough uses extremely short laser pulses to heat the silicon without degrading the polymer mold.
A team of scientists has developed a new method to visualize the growth of complex self-assembled nanostructures in liquids, enabling detailed understanding of their formation. This breakthrough will facilitate future advances in nanotechnology.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a method to fine-tune the acoustic response of nanoparticles by varying the thickness of their attachment layer, opening doors for new applications in photonics and wireless communications. This breakthrough uses ultrafast laser pulses to induce atomic vibrations in gold nanodisks.
Scientists have successfully recorded sound and audio files onto a non-magnetic plasmonic nanostructure, increasing storage capacity by 5,600 times. The technology uses novel gold nanoantennas to store audio information as a temporally varying intensity waveform or frequency varying intensity waveform.
The new electrode boasts nearly 1415 farad per gram capacitance, high current density, low resistance, and high power density. It also exhibits long-term cycling stability, retaining up to 95% of initial capacitance after 3000 cycles.
Scientists at Berkeley Lab have developed a new design tool to predict the nonlinear optical properties of metamaterials. This breakthrough enables efficient design and creation of high-performance materials for applications such as coherent Raman sensing, entangled photon generation, and frequency conversion.
Researchers from Poland and Denmark demonstrate spontaneous formation of Turing patterns at the nanoscale, which can be used for surface modification of materials. The patterns can be 'imprinted' in other chemical compounds, opening doors to interesting applications.
Researchers from North Carolina State University have developed a new lithography technique that uses nanoscale spheres to create three-dimensional structures. The new method reduces the cost of nanolithography and allows for the creation of complex nanostructures without expensive equipment.
Researchers have discovered how a desert beetle collects dew on its back, which could lead to improved water yield in man-made dew condensers. The beetle's unique nanostructure allows for near-perfect infrared emissivity, enabling efficient cooling and dew formation.
Scientists at Forschungszentrum Juelich re-measured the van der Waals force for single molecules, revealing a superlinear increase with growing molecular size. The study highlights the importance of van der Waals forces in biomolecules and adhesives, such as geckos' ability to climb smooth walls.
A University of Texas at Arlington research team has developed a new method to fabricate transparent nanoscintillators that could advance medical safety and homeland security. The resulting scintillator material has better energy resolution than currently used materials, making it more effective for radiation detection.
A new synthesis method enables the creation of nanostructures that efficiently split water into hydrogen fuel using sunlight. The approach allows for the design and construction of higher-order nanostructures with specific symmetries or shapes, enabling potential applications in quantum computing, sensors, and clean energy.
An international team of researchers has synthesized a new form of magnesium carbide with unique atomic structure. The substance retains its structure after pressure and temperature reduction, making it a promising element for synthesizing other compounds.
Researchers have discovered a new quantum mechanism that triggers the emission of tunable light at terahertz frequencies, enabling unprecedented efficiency. This breakthrough uses asymmetric 2D nanostructures to enhance light emission in a challenging spectral range.
Researchers have demonstrated a technique for producing acoustic phonons at 10 GHz, promising unprecedented resolution for acoustic imaging. The team used nanostructures to generate and detect the phonons, which can be used to 'see' subsurface structures in nanoscale systems.
Researchers at the University of Kentucky have discovered methods to build heat-resistant RNA nanostructures and arrays, showcasing its potential as a stable alternative to conventional polymers. The breakthrough offers new possibilities for controlling RNA nanoparticles for therapeutic applications.
Researchers are designing ultrathin solar cells with photovoltaic nanostructures to increase efficiency and reduce material costs. These nanostructures behave like a molecular hall of mirrors to trap photons inside the cells.
Researchers at UCSB created a compound semiconductor with embedded nanostructures that can manipulate light energy in the mid-infrared range. The technology has potential applications in solar cells, medical applications and plasmonics.
Researchers found that reducing indium nitride's dimensions can produce green light with higher energy, leading to more efficient LEDs. The nanostructures can be tailored to emit different colors of light, enabling the creation of natural-looking white lighting.
Scientists explored how Staphylococcus cells adhere to nanostructures and found that surface features can inhibit bacterial adhesion. The researchers developed nickel nanostructures with various shapes, including tubular-shaped pillars, which showed higher bacteria survival rates.
The researchers propose to build complex polymer nanostructures on scaffolds made of plant viruses to provide control and precision. They aim to produce an evenly dispersed polymer coating with consistent and efficient properties, reducing toxic side effects in drug delivery.
Using genetic algorithms, researchers at Columbia University have developed an inverse design framework to create novel nanostructured materials. The study shows the potential of machine learning and
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a new microfluidic approach to assemble functional materials, including polypeptides and nanostructures. The technique uses tailored flows in microfluidic devices to control the assembly process, enabling reproducible fabrication of advanced materials.
Arizona State University researchers develop nanostructures through dealloying process, showing promise for lithium-ion batteries with improved energy storage capacity. The porous nanostructures can also improve electrochemical sensing technology and provide more resilient radiation damage-resistant materials.
Researchers at Oregon State University have identified a compound in table salt that can prevent the collapse of silicon nanostructures, allowing for mass commercial production. This breakthrough could lead to new applications in fields like photonics, biological imaging, and batteries.
Researchers have discovered that using heterogeneous nanoblocks can alter the morphological structure of polymers at the nanoscale. This effect can lead to improved properties in materials like refractive surfaces and computer chips.
Researchers at Arizona State University are developing a new DNA nanostructure-based vaccine to combat nicotine dependence. The approach uses precision control over the placement of antigenic components to stimulate an immune response and recruit antibodies capable of binding with nicotine, potentially improving efficacy and safety.
Researchers developed nanostructures made of graphene using a new, controlled approach to chemical reactions. They used atomic force microscopy to track individual carbon atoms and their bonds in real-time.
Scientists successfully grew a nanomoustache-like structure by pressurizing carbon and iron atoms, offering insights into nanostructure formation. The discovery paves the way for the creation of complex nanostructures with designed shapes and patterns.
Researchers developed nanostructures that suppress 'thin-film interference', a phenomenon causing light loss in multiple-layered thin films. These nanostructures reduce reflection by up to 100 times, potentially increasing the efficiency of thin-film solar cells.
Researchers at KAIST have developed a low-power phase-change memory using self-assembled nanostructures, which can store data even when not powered. The new technology reduces power consumption by up to 1/20th of its present level, making it suitable for mobile electronics applications.
Researchers at the University of Illinois developed a novel technique called atomic force microscope infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR) to measure chemical properties of polymer nanostructures as small as 15 nm. This technique enables accurate identification of material composition, crucial for applications in semiconductors, composite mat...
Scientists at Caltech have developed a unique microscope that captures the motion of DNA structures in both space and time, allowing them to directly measure stiffness and map its variation. This breakthrough technique has far-reaching implications for understanding biological nanomaterials and their properties.
Researchers have created a nanostructure that manipulates electron waves to form plasmonic halos, offering control in light filtering and potential applications in biomedical plasmonics and discrete optical filtering. The unique structure allows for selective light transmission, creating an array of colored 'halos',
A new single-photon detector has been developed, achieving a previously unattained detection efficiency of 91% and low error rate. The detector's high performance enables reliable detection of single photons, crucial for optical data transmission and quantum computation.
Researchers developed a new diagnostic tool using atomic force microscope based infrared spectroscopy to characterize polymer nanostructures and identify integrated materials. The technique allows for chemical analysis of polymer lines as small as 100 nm, enabling critically needed metrology for nano-manufacturing.
Researchers at Arizona State University develop first vaccine complex that can be delivered safely and effectively by piggybacking onto self-assembled, three-dimensional DNA nanostructures. The vaccine complexes trigger a robust immune response up to 9-fold higher than traditional methods.