Articles tagged with Shear Stress
A new platform called ATLAS enables researchers to generate large quantities of cancer cell clusters that accurately model metastasis. Using ATLAS, the Rice team gained insights into the mechanisms that enable cancer clusters to survive in the bloodstream during the metastatic process.
A new study from Kyoto University has identified a one-component superconducting state in strontium ruthenate, defying earlier predictions. The researchers developed a technique to apply shear strain to extremely thin crystals, finding that it had virtually no effect on the superconducting temperature.
An AI model developed by Ehsan Ghane at the University of Gothenburg can predict the durability and strength of woven composite materials, reducing development time. The model integrates material laws to make extrapolations outside training data, enabling better understanding of material behavior.
A recent study published in Nature has identified specialized blood vessels and nitric oxide as crucial for stem cell survival and immune evasion. Hematopoietic stem cells that produce high levels of nitric oxide survive by manipulating the immune response, creating an 'immune-privileged' environment.
Researchers at Ohio State University developed a ventilator-on-a-chip model that simulates lung injury during mechanical ventilation. The device detects real-time cellular changes, revealing shear stress from air sac collapse and reopening as the most injurious type of damage.
Researchers investigate geologic features on icy moons, revealing mechanisms behind strike-slip faults. Studies on Titan and Ganymede provide insights into potential environments conducive for life emergence.
Researchers found that exercise-induced heart rate can cause plaque in moderately to severely blocked carotid arteries to migrate and halt blood flow to the brain. This can lead to ischemic stroke. The authors recommend checking arterial health regularly for people doing intense workouts.
Researchers found that correctly occluded left atrial appendages minimized left atrial flow stasis and thrombogenicity using 4D flow MRI and 3D phantoms. The study provides a clinical goal for the procedure in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Researchers developed an in situ technique to observe material behavior under various stresses, including shear stress. This allows for precise understanding of how materials respond and identify preferred slip planes.
Researchers developed a model to simulate red blood cell destruction in high shear flows, revealing acceleration as a major factor. They recommend adding flow buffers to VADs to reduce hemolysis, aiming to improve hydraulic performance and patient outcomes.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science developed a flexible flow sensor that can measure shear stress and flow angle on curved surfaces. The sensor demonstrated effectiveness in measuring airflow speeds up to 170 m/s and has potential applications in industrial-scale fluid machinery.
A new study reveals that soft liquid droplets erode hard surfaces due to a shock wave created by the impact, which spreads out with the dropping speed exceeding sound velocity. This discovery could lead to more erosion-resistant materials for outdoor applications.
A new imaging technique can detect early signs of blood trauma in red blood cells, which could aid in the development of markers to prevent damage. The technique, developed by researchers at Shibaura Institute of Technology and Griffith University, uses high-speed cameras to visualize changes in RBC shape under stress.
Researchers from The University of Tokyo Institute of Industrial Science used computer simulations to study the aging mechanism that can cause an amorphous glassy material to turn into a crystal. By removing tiny irregularities in local densities, they found that it prevents atomic avalanches that trigger ordered structure formation.
Researchers built an artificial antrum to study the complex flow patterns and mechanical stresses in the stomach. The prototype revealed a classifying effect based on droplet breakup and transport phenomena, showing how lower stomach contraction waves classify foods.
Researchers found low-velocity anomalies in six subduction zones, leading to a shift in rupture mechanics and potentially inducing major megathrust earthquakes. The study suggests that these anomalies can increase interplate shear stress, making it easier for earthquakes to occur.
Researchers found that ice loss near Glacier Bay National Park has influenced earthquake timing and location with a magnitude of 5.0 or greater since the past century. This study links expanding mantle movement with large earthquakes across Southeast Alaska, where glaciers have been melting for over 200 years.
Researchers identified two novel vascular smooth muscle cell subsets under high hydrostatic pressure, which promote or exacerbate endothelial dysfunction. These subsets are associated with hypertension and contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease and stroke.
Researchers found that hyperactive immune cells aggravate heart valve disease by activating harmful inflammation due to shear stress. The study identified a potential drug target, Piezo-1, and showed that replacing the aortic valve has an anti-inflammatory effect.
Researchers developed two experimental devices to study the harmful effects of hyperperistalsis on synthetic uterine tissue. The study found that peristaltic shear stresses caused alterations to endometrial epithelial cells and myometrial smooth muscle cells.
Biophysicists analyzed the mechanical stability of a protein-ligand complex, finding that geometry affects stability and forces required to extract ligand vary by barrel structure. This discovery may improve experimental data analysis and understanding of mechanosensitive proteins.
Researchers at University of Illinois found geological signs pointing to catastrophic supervolcano eruptions would be detectable hundreds to thousands of years before an eruption. The study suggests that people need not panic, as the precursors to massive eruptions will be long-lasting and far greater than recent seismic activity.
A computer science approach using machine learning predicts the time remaining before a fault fails by analyzing acoustic signals emitted during laboratory-created earthquakes. The technique identifies new signals, previously thought to be low-amplitude noise, that provide forecasting information throughout the earthquake cycle.
Researchers at Rochester Institute of Technology study how cells respond to shear stress in blood vessels, aiming to understand biological mechanics and develop effective therapeutic strategies. The work could lead to breakthroughs in treating diseases like cancer metastasis and heart failure.
Research reveals that cells use a shared molecular network to respond to both chemical and mechanical cues, allowing them to combine conflicting signals into a unified path. This finding takes scientists closer to understanding biological processes like embryonic development, tumor metastasis, and wound healing.
Scientists have discovered PIEZO1, a cation channel in the inner layer of blood vessel walls, which translates mechanical stimuli into molecular responses controlling vessel diameter. This finding could lead to the treatment of high blood pressure by activating PIEZO1 pharmacologically.
Scientists at MIPT create ultrastrong material by applying high pressure to multiwall carbon nanotubes, forming bonds between them. The resulting material retains the durability of original nanotubes, making it suitable for harsh conditions.
Researchers proposed a new constitutive model to accurately describe the thermo-elasto-plasticity deformation of metal crystals at various temperatures. The model uses a simple and efficient approach, considering thermal expansion and its effects on plastic behavior.
Researchers from Amsterdam University and DESY discovered coexisting structural states in a glass made from microscopic silica spheres under shear stress. The study revealed that the glass's inner structure varies depending on the applied shear rate, affecting its flow behavior.
A recent study published in Science investigates the stress state on the fault that controls a very large slip during an earthquake. The research found that the present shear stress on the fault is nearly zero, indicating a nearly complete stress change during the earthquake.
Scientists visualize stresses induced by flowing blood in an embryonic heart for the first time, revealing how and why heart defects develop. The technique promises new insight into congenital heart defects such as abnormal valve formation.
Scientists have developed a technology to visualize how circulating blood affects the developing heart, potentially uncovering triggers for heart defects. The study maps shear stress on the endothelial cells lining the growing heart, which has been linked to gene expression changes and defect formation.
A new study finds that atherosclerotic plaques often form in regions of low shear stress immediately downstream, creating conditions favorable for additional plaque buildup. High shear stress is typically found within existing plaques, suggesting its role in maintaining their stability.
Researchers developed a method to predict which areas of the coronary arteries will develop more atherosclerotic plaque over time. The method calculates shear stress based on artery geometry and blood flow, identifying vulnerable plaque that is likely to cause a heart attack or stroke.
Researchers create hollow spherical nanospheres that can withstand extreme stress and deform without losing strength, approaching the theoretical ideal shear strength. The spheres' geometry is engineered to reduce stresses at specific regions, allowing them to transfer stress more efficiently.
Researchers found that steady blood flow creates frictional force and stretching force that protect blood vessels from atherosclerosis. The study identified proteins involved in this process, including PECAM-1 and Fyn, which could lead to the development of new therapies.
Researchers have identified Hsp90 as a key player in Alzheimer's disease, with a new drug candidate showing promise for reducing tau protein levels. Additionally, serine proteases may be the cause of abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome, and targeting them could provide relief.
Researchers identify EP1R as a key player in failed asthma treatments, revealing its interaction with beta2-adrenergic receptors. The discovery opens up new avenues for developing selective drugs to treat severe asthma in individuals who don't respond to current therapies.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University discovered that plant-derived compounds can block the activity of an enzyme that triggers inflammation in joints. These phytochemicals, also known as phase 2 enzyme inducers, may provide a new approach to treating arthritis and preventing joint pain.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that increased blood flow can cause cells to produce their own anti-inflammatory response. This effect is triggered by shear stress, which activates glucocorticoid receptors and leads to the production of genes that combat inflammation.
University of Pittsburgh scientist highlights sub-lethal mechanical trauma's effect on red blood cells, potentially shortening lifespan. Dr. Kameneva discusses the impact on artificial heart development and suggests understanding blood flow and cell interactions to improve device designs.
Research by Penn State engineers shows mechanical forces exert equivalent roles in some aspects of cardiovascular health and disease as bio-regulators like cholesterol and dietary fat. The study found a one-to-one correspondence between effects of shear stress and growth factor VEGF on blood vessel health.