Articles tagged with Signal Processing
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Scientists have developed a technique to enhance digital sensor capabilities beyond current limits, enabling applications in consumer photography, medical imaging, and space exploration. The new approach uses 'modulo' sampling to process a wider range of information, unlocking high dynamic range for sensors.
A deep learning-based method developed by Kaunas University of Technology researchers can predict the possible onset of Alzheimer's disease from brain images with an accuracy of over 99%. The algorithm was trained on functional MRI images from 138 subjects and performed better than previously developed methods.
The CHIME telescope has detected over 500 fast radio bursts, quadrupling the number of known radio bursts. The newly discovered signals reveal two distinct classes: repeaters and one-offs, which are thought to arise from separate mechanisms and astrophysical sources.
Echolocating bats use time-based distance estimates, regardless of air conditions. The study found that bat accuracy improved when closer to targets, suggesting an innate ability to discern surroundings in terms of time.
A team of scientists has developed a single spin-decoupled metasurface that can distinguish between spatial angular moment (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes. The device exploits the geometric phase and dynamic phase to transform vortex beams into focusing patterns, enabling simultaneous detection of SAM and OAM.
A team of scientists from Bielefeld and Berlin successfully controlled graphene's nonlinearity by applying modest electrical voltages, enabling efficient processing of high-frequency signals. This breakthrough paves the way for using graphene in THz frequency converters, mixers, and modulators.
Researchers created a tool that uses light reflection analysis to identify deepfake photos, achieving 94% accuracy. The technique exploits differences in reflected light patterns between real and fake images, providing a promising solution to combat deepfakes.
A new $1 million Federal Government grant will enable a major upgrade to the Murchison Widefield Array, giving the giant radio telescope greater power to process signals from distant outer space. The upgrade will allow researchers to detect finer frequency and time observations, improving their ability to study the universe.
A research team at FAU has developed an intelligent camera that achieves high spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution. The camera can precisely determine material properties and depth, opening up new applications in autonomous driving, environmental protection, and agriculture.
Emery N. Brown, a neuroscientist and practicing anesthesiologist, has won the SfN's Swartz Prize for his contributions to neural signal processing, anesthetic mechanisms, and statistical methods. His research advances neuroscientific understanding of how anesthetics affect the brain, improving patient care.
Researchers developed a novel method to generate variable low-noise microwaves using an optical microresonator frequency comb and a compact laser. The approach allows for significant frequency tunability and improved phase-noise levels compared to traditional methods.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum developed a new method for efficiently identifying deep-fake images by analyzing objects in the frequency domain. The study found that images generated by GANs exhibit artefacts in the high-frequency range, which can be used to distinguish them from real photos.
A new sensor system developed at Saarland University uses AI and machine learning techniques to identify the exact cause of disturbances in industrial plants. The system can distinguish between useful signals and false alarms, reducing operationally disruptive and costly responses.
Researchers successfully demonstrated high-capacity transmission of 172 terabit/s over 2040km using a standard outer diameter coupled-3-core optical fiber. This achievement more than doubles the current world record and paves the way for early adoption in backbone high-capacity transmission systems.
Iowa State University engineers develop a closed-form solution for the inverse chirp z-transform, enabling efficient computation on the unit circle and lifting restrictions of existing algorithms. The algorithm achieves high accuracy with 64-bit floating-point numbers and operates in O(n log n) time.
Researchers have successfully demonstrated a world record transmission capacity of 10.66 peta-bit per second over a 38-core 3-mode optical fiber, achieving a spectral efficiency of 1158.7 bits per second per Hz. This breakthrough enables a drastic increase in data-rate per fiber for intra- and inter data-center communication.
Researchers at Iowa State University have developed a new algorithm to solve the inverse chirp z-transform (ICZT), a problem that had gone unsolved for 50 years. The algorithm has been tested for numerical accuracy and shows promising results in terms of computational complexity.
Researchers at UCSB have enabled identifying a person behind a wall using only WiFi transceivers outside, utilizing received power measurements of a WiFi link. The proposed approach achieves an accuracy of 84% in correctly identifying the person behind the wall, with potential applications in surveillance and security.
The professor aims to improve radio frequency sensing systems and enhance consumer wireless communications by sharing the limited electromagnetic spectrum. This collaborative effort enables radar to detect targets with enhanced sensing capability and higher energy efficiency, while allowing wireless communications to access more spectrum.
A new study by Dr. Norman Lee and his team uses a performance index and treadmill system to measure how well flies respond to different cricket songs. The findings provide insights into the sensory basis of song recognition, signal discrimination, learning and memory in eavesdropping enemies.
A team of neuroscientists discovered that the brain combines visual features through high-frequency oscillations to achieve a unified percept. The researchers measured nerve cell activity in rhesus monkeys while performing a visual perception task, finding that faster responses occurred with stronger high-frequency oscillations.
Researchers at ETH Zurich measured how electrons in transition metals redistribute within a fraction of an optical oscillation cycle. The study demonstrates the possibility of ultrafast control of material properties, which could inform the development of faster electronic components.
Researchers identify hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite as prime compound candidate for room temperature semiconductor radiation detectors, offering cost efficiency and rapid synthesis. Improved detectors will enable better detection, identification, and prevention of radioactive threats, enhancing global nuclear security.
Researchers at SwRI have developed a cyber security system to test for vulnerabilities in automated vehicles and other technologies that use GPS receivers. The system, which meets US federal regulations, can alter the course of a ground vehicle by up to 10 meters and forces it to turn early or late.
Researchers have developed a system that allows living cells to perform analog-to-digital signal processing, enabling precise control over cellular responses. This breakthrough expands the toolkit for synthetic biologists, who can now use genetic circuitry to process complex signals and make informed decisions.
Researchers create synthetic molecular components that interact with each other to process signals, enabling complex tasks like embryonic development and differentiation. The system allows for analog-to-digital conversion of cellular responses.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have developed a technique to detect potential cyber attacks on electric substations using signals from distant lightning. By analyzing radio frequency signals emitted by substation components, security personnel can authenticate the authenticity of the signals and prevent malicious actors...
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed a miniature 28 GHz transceiver integrating beamforming and dual-polarized MIMO technology. The device achieved a maximum data rate of 15 Gb/s, surpassing previous models by 25 percent.
The Canadian-led team discovered the second repeating FRB ever recorded, providing a new clue to the astrophysical puzzle. The detection was made using the CHIME telescope, which detected 13 bursts over three weeks at lower frequencies than previously thought possible.
Researchers at Lobachevsky University develop theory for ultrafast photon control in integrated microchips, improving performance and contributing to the development of photon technologies. They rule out possibility of amplifying light waves by changing electron concentration in graphene.
Researchers have demonstrated that noise can induce coherence resonance in nonlinear systems, allowing for the detection of weak signals without a reference signal. The results show promise for developing passive lock-in amplifiers with reduced integration times and operating range.
A novel mathematical approach has uncovered 12-hour cycles of genetic activity in animal cells, independent of 24-hour circadian rhythms. Laboratory experiments confirm the existence and independence of these cycles, which have significant implications for understanding gene functions over time and their influence on health and disease.
A Surrey-based team won the top spot in the DCASE 2018 Challenge, a machine learning competition focused on audio classification. The CVSSP's AI-powered system uses artificial intelligence to simulate human auditory function and improve situational awareness of sounds.
A team of scientists from Lehigh University has successfully engineered a living neural network that can perform basic learning tasks. The project, supported by the National Science Foundation, aims to develop new ways to think about computer design and may influence brain-related research.
Researchers discovered a security hole in popular encryption software that could have allowed hackers to steal encryption keys from smartphones by intercepting electromagnetic signals. A fix for the vulnerability was adopted in software versions made available in May.
Researchers at NIST have used LADAR to map distances to objects melting behind flames with precision of 30 micrometers or better. The method could help overcome challenges posed by structural fires.
The ShakeAlert system, developed for the US West Coast, is fine-tuning a U.S. prototype that could be in limited public use in 2018. Key components include dense networks of seismic stations and education/training on using alerts.
Researchers use terahertz scanning and advanced signal processing to analyze paintings from the 17th century, uncovering previously unknown details such as restorations and varnish layers. The technique has potential applications beyond art conservation, including detecting skin cancer and measuring paint thickness.
A team of researchers from UNIST and Korea University has developed a self-sustaining sensor platform to monitor water motion dynamics, frequency, and amplitude. The platform harnesses energy from water motion to perform multiple functions simultaneously, enabling continuous monitoring without external power source.
Scientists at Queen Mary University of London use the Filter Diagonalisation Method to analyze vibrato, a common musical effect that adds expressivity and enhances sound quality. The technique, originating from quantum physics, allows for precise analysis of music signals with great precision.
Researchers from ITMO University and their European colleagues created quasiparticles called excitons, fully controllable and room-temperature capable. These particles can generate light in LEDs and lasers, while also being used for recording optical signals.
Xia emphasizes that big data is about more than just numbers and requires new mathematical methods to analyze. Researchers in mathematics, signal processing, and computer science must develop these new tools to unlock the full potential of big data.
Scientists have discovered how sensory nerve cells work together to transmit itch signals, identifying a new potential target for treating itching. The discovery suggests that interfering with the activity of sensory neurons may inhibit multiple types of itching.
Researchers used machine learning to analyze caregiver responses and identified five ADI-R questions that maintained 95% of the instrument's performance. This could reduce administrative time and customize questions for individualized intervention. The study suggests a more data-informed approach to autism diagnosis and support.
A novel fault diagnosis method using resonance-based sparse signal decomposition and principal component analysis is proposed to diagnose early faults of rolling bearings. The experimental results show that the proposed method quickly discerns faulty elements, improving diagnostic accuracy.
Researchers at Disney Research and Carnegie Mellon University have developed a framework called RapID that interprets RFID signals by weighing possibilities, reducing lag times from two seconds to less than 200 milliseconds. This enables the use of low-cost RFID tags in interactive objects, such as games, toys, and physical interfaces.
Scientists at Disney Research have developed a method to differentiate between even seemingly identical electronic devices using their unique radio frequency emissions. The EM-ID system achieved 95% accuracy in identifying individual devices, with limitations including the need for powered-on devices and potential signal overlap.
Researchers at Dartmouth College used fMRI to explore neural mechanisms behind filling in missing details of sensory information. The study found that intermediate object features are reconstructed in neural responses at early stages of cortical processing.
Brian G. Ferguson has been awarded the Acoustical Society of America's Silver Medal in Signal Processing in Acoustics for his work on in-air and in-water acoustic classification, localization, and tracking. He is recognized for his research accomplishments in acoustics, which have defense and national security applications.
The LDM system developed at UPV/EHU has been selected as the technology for the new digital standard in North America, allowing for simultaneous use of TV channels on the UHF band. This system significantly improves the use of the radioelectric spectrum, enabling services such as Ultra High Definition TV and mobile phone broadcasting.
The study found that decisional bias is more lenient for younger children when highlighting bad intent or damage, and changes with age as they develop their understanding of the task. The research suggests a moral development framework to examine developmental changes in eyewitness identification.
Researchers at UCL have developed a new method to process fibre optic signals, which can correct corrupted data and increase the useful capacity of fibres. This technique has the potential to double the distance data can travel error-free through sub-marine cables.
A new analysis method called fractal Fourier analysis breaks down complicated signals into well-understood building blocks, similar to conventional Fourier analysis. This approach could help scientists better understand natural phenomena like nerve impulses and brain waves.
Researchers developed a novel computational model to capture the process of reaching consensus in social networks. The model analyzes communication patterns and handles uncertainties associated with soft data, establishing conditions for agents to reach a consensus that is consistent with the ground truth.
Researchers at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research have discovered a gene named Lhx2 that plays a crucial role in forming high-resolution neurocircuitry for touch in mice. The study reveals that this gene is essential for the formation of 'barrels' and 'cores' in the brain, which enable rapid whisking and environmental assessment.
A new approach achieves independent listening zones within a car by using small, modified speakers to produce directional sound fields. The new design optimizes audio signals used to drive each of the speakers, reducing intergenerational audio conflict in cars.
UT Arlington professor Qilian Liang has developed an algorithmic system that simplifies data collection for radar systems, allowing for better performance with less data. The system uses co-prime and nested samplings to eliminate redundant data, resulting in faster decision-making and more efficient image formation.
Researchers developed a large dynamic, reconfigurable, distributed I-ROF system to meet the growing demand for broadband and ubiquitous information access. The system offers flexible wireless access and fiber-optic broadband transmission, providing effective solutions for modern information society.
Researchers have developed autonomous self-assembling electronic microreagents to jointly direct complex chemical reactions and analyses in solutions. The project MICREAgents will create programmable microscale electronic chemistry, containing electronic circuits on 3D microchips called lablets.
Researchers have developed a system that mimics dolphins' nonlinear sonar processing to distinguish targets from clutter in bubbly water. This technology has potential applications for detecting sea mines and other underwater targets.