Articles tagged with Behavioral Ecology
Researchers studied female Assamese macaques for eight years, finding that social networks decrease with age due to physical limitations and a desire to protect themselves from predators. The study's findings shed light on the biological roots of social aging in humans.
A recent study found that semi-aquatic anole lizards can experience a 6°C drop in body temperature while diving, with males conserving heat to minimize muscle recovery time. Females prioritize safety over physiological costs, taking longer dives to avoid predators.
A long-term study on wild orangutan males found that habitats with plentiful food increased the likelihood of social learning and cultural innovation. The researchers discovered that individuals from areas with high food availability spent more time peering at others, suggesting an animal's environment modulates social learning.
Researchers at the University of Sydney have developed a method to shield plants from herbivorous mammals by fooling them with artificial odors, mimicking plants they naturally avoid. This approach is more humane and low-cost than current methods, and shows promise for protecting valuable plants globally.
Research finds invasive trout compete with native white-spotted charr for aquatic prey. Brown trout also influence ecosystems by preying on terrestrial organisms, further harming native populations.
Researchers found that individual Balearic shearwaters are adapting to climate change by shifting their migratory range northwards, with a speed of 25km per year. However, this flexibility comes with constraints, as the birds have further to fly back in the autumn, and the impact on breeding success and survival is still unclear.
Research reveals humpback whales shift their daily singing patterns away from shore, returning to nearshore in the evening to minimize interference. This dynamic behavior may help increase the efficiency of their acoustic display.
The study observed that invasive Bluegill in Lake Nojiri, Japan, displayed unique colony spawning behaviors, with males constructing nests in close proximity to each other. Removal of guarding males revealed four brood predator species, with conspecific Bluegill constituting over 90% of all predators.
Researchers found that wolf spiders can't easily signal others or perceive danger from predators on rain-soaked leaves compared to dry ones. Male spiders use visual and vibratory signals for courtship, but vibrations are better received in dry leaves.
A new study has shed light on the convergent evolution of defensive enrollment in arthropods by analyzing 3D-preserved trilobite soft tissues. The fossils, which date back to the Ordovician Period, show that trilobites used a unique mechanism to protect their vulnerable soft tissues with their hard exoskeletons.
A study found that migratory bats are sensitive to the angle of magnetic inclination and use it for navigation. The soprano pipistrelle bat species calibrated its internal compass at sunset, taking into account both the horizontal component and inclination of the Earth's magnetic field.
A new study reveals that female American Kestrels venture away from their nests to scout future territories, a behavior previously undocumented in the species. These movements, which cover large distances relative to home range size, suggest that females may be holding multiple summer homes and using better habitat after breeding.
Researchers found that Eurasian jays settle for less preferred food options when rivals are present, while New Caledonian crows consistently choose the better, delayed reward. The study suggests that species' social tolerance and competition levels influence self-control in animals.
Researchers found that male sticklebacks have a unique molecular response when faced with conflicting demands, including genes related to dopamine and neurogenesis. The study provides insights into the underlying mechanisms of animal behavior, suggesting that complex decision-making processes are ancient and widespread among animals.
Physicists and their coauthors apply semantic information theory to a model of an organism foraging for resources, revealing a semantic threshold where information is crucial for survival. The research helps quantify the role of information in living systems' ability to maintain existence.
A new landmark study identifies 14 evolutionary traps that human societies are at risk of getting stuck in, including global climate tipping points, misaligned AI, and chemical pollution. To avoid these dead ends, the researchers emphasize the need for collective human agency and design settings where it can flourish.
Researchers studied mountain goats' behavior in Glacier National Park, finding that ear flicks showed a strong correlation with the presence of snow. The lack of summer snow patches may increase their risk of local extirpation due to increased tick infestations.
Researchers found that chimpanzees are more likely to climb hills when heading towards contested borders, where they can quietly rest and hear distant sounds of rival groups. This behavior suggests that chimpanzees gauge the distance of rivals and act accordingly to avoid costly fights.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that roosters can recognize their mirror image and respond accordingly. The researchers tested 58 roosters and found that they emitted alarm calls when seeing themselves in the mirror, but not when seeing a conspecific. This suggests that roosters may have some level of self-awareness.
Researchers found that exposure to the aggregation pheromone 4,8-dimethyldecanal reduces death-feigning duration in red flour beetles, allowing them to save time and increase survival chances. Sex-related differences in death feigning behavior were also observed, with males exhibiting longer durations.
New research finds that pied tamarins increase scent marking in response to urban noise pollution, which affects their vocal communication. This adaptation may help them cope with the impact of human activity on their habitat.
Researchers found that great-tailed grackles are expanding their range into urban and arid environments due to increased behavioral flexibility. This allows them to adapt to changing conditions and find new food sources. In contrast, boat-tailed grackles only expanded slightly northwards in response to climate change.
Researchers used drones to track Przewalski's horses and found a complex, multilevel social structure similar to human societies. The herd's movements revealed kinship-based relationships and familiarity between animals, with mare-mare bonds playing a significant role in harem formation.
A group of researchers propose that social influence plays a key role in breaking conservation rules, leading to harm for species and ecosystems. They argue that understanding how people are influenced by their environment and social dynamics can help improve conservation efforts.
Researchers found that mothers' social environment predicts their sons' reproductive tactics, such as sneaking or guarding females. A biased female sex ratio in the maternal generation leads to increased male-male competition, resulting in more males and intense mating behaviors.
A 10-year study found that golden-crowned sparrows resettled an average of just 90 feet away from the center of their previous year's range when returning to California after winter migration. The study suggests that social bonds and familiar faces help anchor the birds to specific spaces, even when resources are scarce.
Scientists analyzed DNA from fecal samples to study the reproductive behavior of northern muriquis, an endangered primate species. They found that females tend to mate with males having diverse MHC genes, which may provide offspring protection against pathogens.
The Pacific Northwest and Cascadia Bioregion are home to diverse ecosystems, including temperate rainforests and marine environments. Research presented at the ESA Annual Meeting explores topics such as restoration efforts, plant community recovery, and climate change impacts on salmon populations.
Researchers found that migrant orangutan males use observational social learning to learn new ecological knowledge from local individuals after dispersing to a new area. They observed males peering at role models for at least five seconds, indicating attentive interest and learning how to process new foods.
A long-term study of male macaques found that same-sex sexual behavior is common and correlated with coalitionary bonds, providing social benefits. The research also revealed a genetic link to primate SSB, challenging the idea that it defies nature and evolution.
Researchers discovered that rats utilize their supra-orbital whiskers to sense airflow direction and alter their actions accordingly. The findings expand understanding of rat sensory capabilities.
A study found that every member of a hyena clan, except the highest-ranking queen, suffers downward mobility across their lifetime due to demographic processes. Hyenas can move up and down in the hierarchy over time, but they slide down more often than jumping up.
Researchers discovered that ants sniff out diseased fungus by detecting chemicals called peptaibols, which are produced by the fungus. This finding suggests that the ants may be responding to a disease of their beneficial symbiotic partner rather than their own body, highlighting an extended defense response.
A new study explores the genetic mechanisms underlying honey bee colony defense and aggression, revealing that gene regulation influences collective behavior and division of labor. Researchers found that brain gene regulatory networks differ between soldiers and foragers, particularly in more aggressive colonies.
More than 3 million sq km of Asian elephant habitat has been lost in 300 years, with suitable habitats cut by nearly two-thirds. The study suggests that the remaining elephant populations may not have adequate habitat areas, setting up a high potential for conflicts with people living in those areas.
A new study reveals that Antarctic seals' vocalisations decrease significantly when sea ice disappears, affecting their breeding and behavior. The research used underwater microphones to track the seals' acoustic presence over eight years, finding a notable decline in 2010/2011.
Researchers analyzed octopus and squid sensory receptors to discover new families of chemotactile receptors that drive distinct behaviors in the environment. These findings provide insights into the molecular basis of novelty across levels of biological organization.
An interdisciplinary team of researchers at the University of Oklahoma advocates for integrating biogeography and behavioral ecology to develop a more comprehensive understanding of how to leverage existing biodiversity knowledge into predictive frameworks for addressing biodiversity loss. The authors argue that combining these two fie...
Researchers have documented a rare defense mechanism in the Dwarf Reed Snake, which uses active cartwheeling to evade predators. This behavior is the first time such an action has been observed in snakes.
Researchers found that monk parakeets lose their social standing after a brief absence, particularly among high-ranking birds. The study, led by Annemarie van der Marel, used networks of aggression and observational studies to quantify bird status in dominance hierarchies.
The Southern Resident killer whale population is spending far less time in the San Juan Islands as their primary food source, Chinook salmon, declines. This decline is likely an effort to find alternative food sources, and research shows a strong relationship between the whales' presence and salmon returns.
A recent study published in The Science of Nature found that parasites and body condition are crucial factors in determining the vulnerability of fish to angling. The research revealed that fish with high body condition and parasites, as well as those with low body condition but no parasites, were less likely to be caught by anglers.
New research suggests brown widow spiders actively seek and kill nearby black widows, displacing them in parts of the southern US. Brown widow females are also larger and more fertile than black widows, with a higher reproductive success rate.
Researchers have discovered unexpected similarities between stone tools used by monkeys and some of the earliest hominin stone artifacts. The findings suggest that accidental production of stone fragments during nut cracking may hold clues to the origin of intentional tool use in early humans.
Research from the University of Cambridge and Cardiff University found that damselfish scare off cleaner fish customers, leading to fewer species receiving vital cleaning treatment. This disruption could contribute to the breakdown of delicate ecosystems supported by coral reefs.
A study by Osaka Metropolitan University found that fish recognize themselves in photographs based on their faces, not bodies. The cleaner fish attacked photos with unfamiliar faces but not their own, indicating a higher sense of self awareness.
A new study found that children in a modern forager society developed specialized foraging skills from an early age, which may have enabled the human species to afford larger brains. The research also showed gender-specific differences in foraging skills, with girls collecting tubers and boys climbing trees to collect fruits.
Researchers at the University of Arizona found that rock ants follow a methodical search strategy, combining systematized meandering with random movement to efficiently explore new areas. This unique behavior may provide insights into the evolution of exploration strategies in other species.
This project aims to identify conditions necessary for abandoning climate-damaging social norms and test their effectiveness on representative samples in different countries. The goal is to find solutions for large-scale sustainable changes in individual and social behavior.
Researchers found that nectar-feeding bats rely on extra-long whiskers to navigate flowers while feeding, providing enhanced spatial information. Clipping whiskers reduced agility but didn't impact feeding ability.
Biologists found songbirds can assess when predation risk from northern pygmy owls is highest and when there's safety in numbers. Mobbing behavior peaked in late summer and autumn when young birds are most vulnerable.
Researchers found muskies' size, boldness, and exploration levels are linked to their likelihood of striking. Anglers should prioritize catch-and-release and best practices to protect these traits.
A study by Oregon State University researchers found that synchronized fishing with dolphins in Brazil increases the number of fish caught and supports both species' survival. The cooperative relationship is specific to this population of dolphins and has been passed down through generations of fishermen.
Scientists found that invasive black rats transform reef fish behavior, causing changes in territorial patterns and nutrient cycles. The presence of rats disrupts the nutrient cycle by reducing seabird populations and nutrients deposited onto islands.
A recent study by Lancaster University found that coral bleaching events alter the behavior of butterflyfish, making it harder for them to recognize competitor species. This change leads to poorer decision-making, resulting in wasted energy and increased aggression.
Spotted hyenas show that twin brothers and buddies from the same birth group very often disperse together to breed. This coordination is likely due to similar preferences and social backgrounds. The frequent joint dispersal among twins and buddies has major consequences for understanding social dynamics and gene flow in wild populations.
Researchers analyzed coyote diets and movement in Cape Breton Highlands National Park to determine why a lone hiker was attacked. The study found that coyotes relied on moose due to resource scarcity, adapting their behavior to exploit this unusually large food source.
Researchers identified various feeding behaviors in nurse sharks, including vertical and ventral feeding, as well as 'pectoral positioning' where they flex their pectoral fins. This adaptable behavior suggests nurse sharks can thrive on different prey across various habitats.
A University of Cincinnati biologist is using a novel system to track the daily care of 47 northern bobwhite quail. The system uses wireless QR scanners to record health, food, water, and behavioral enrichment, making it easier to collect detailed data on animal welfare.
Researchers found that habitat loss and climate-induced food shortages drive pathogen spillover, but preserving and restoring natural habitats can prevent these events. By analyzing data from Australia, the study predicts when viruses like Hendra and Nipah will spill over from bats to humans.