Community Stability
Articles tagged with Community Stability
Hospital-based shootings in the US, 2000-2024
Hospital-based shootings in the US have increased over 25 years, with large hospitals and urban areas being high-risk settings. The study emphasizes the need for hospital-specific prevention strategies, including weapons screening technology, to address rising firearm violence.
Housing insecurity, incident geriatric conditions, and mortality in community-living older persons
A cohort study found that poor housing affordability was associated with higher risks of frailty, disability, dementia, and mortality, while poor housing quality was linked to increased risks of frailty, disability, and mortality. Housing insecurity is identified as a clinically relevant social determinant of health among older persons.
Point-of-care hepatitis C testing in a tribal setting
A community-based point-of-care HCV RNA testing program was feasible and led to a high percentage of same-day treatment for American Indian and Alaska Native participants. The study supports expanding point-of-care HCV RNA testing and integrated treatment to advance HCV elimination.
Human attitudes to predators shape prospects for coexistence
A recent study by Miquel Torrents-Ticó found that human attitudes play a crucial role in determining predator populations. In two Kenyan sites, human tolerance influenced spotted hyena distribution, with tolerated herders allowing predators to thrive. The findings suggest that coexistence is more likely when humans accept predators.
Climate extremes hinder early development in young birds
Research finds extreme cold and rain reduce young bird growth and survival, but earlier breeding can mitigate these effects. In contrast, hot extremes can boost growth by increasing insect activity and visibility.
Firearm mortality and equitable access to trauma care in Chicago
A strategic trauma center placement was associated with reduced firearm mortality in Chicago's high-violence areas. The study highlights the importance of equitable access to trauma care, particularly in communities with limited resources.
Socioeconomic status and postpartum depression risk by state trigger laws after dobbs
A cohort study found a disproportionate increase in postpartum depression among women and adolescents in low-socioeconomic status communities following state abortion bans. The legislation disproportionately affects vulnerable populations, highlighting the need for targeted mental health support and policy interventions.
How cities are changing social behavior in urban animals
A comprehensive review by Bielefeld University researchers reveals that urbanisation significantly impacts animal social behaviour, including changes in communication, aggression and group stability. The study found that 92% of reviewed papers report a significant effect of urbanization on social behavior.
Study shows how everyday repairs sustain autonomy in a Japanese squat
Residents at a Japanese squat sustain autonomy through collaborative maintenance, fostering safety and inclusion. Simple spatial interventions enable diverse residents to coexist, challenging common assumptions on urban planning.
Breaking the cycle of vulnerability: study identifies modifiable elements to build community resilience and improve health
A novel study shows that US counties with limited digital tools, weaker support systems, and fewer healthcare resources exhibit poorer cognitive, mental, and physical health. The researchers found that counties with high resilience had significantly better outcomes, and that healthcare infrastructure is a key modifiable factor.
Legal flexibility helps UNESCO Biospheres boost nature conservation and human wellbeing, study shows
A new study by Dr. Tiago de Melo Cartaxo from the University of Exeter reveals that UNESCO Biosphere Reserves' less prescriptive regulations promote harmonious coexistence between people and nature. The use of soft law instruments supports local responses and fosters community collaboration in environmental management.
Report outlines roadmap to curb firearm violence by 2040
The report proposes initiatives to reduce firearm violence, including using AI and addressing social causes. It also highlights the need for primordial prevention, which involves changing inequitable social structures to prevent violence.
US physician Medicare program participation and exit, 2013-2023
The study found a 6.3% increase in participating physicians between 2013-2023, with those in nonmetropolitan counties and full-shortage Health Professional Shortage Area counties more likely to exit the program. This trend is expected to reduce access to care for already underserved communities.
School provision of universal free meals and blood pressure outcomes among youths
School participation in universal free meals was associated with a net reduction in blood pressure outcomes among youths, according to a cohort study. The findings contribute to growing evidence that such programs may improve child health.
Neighbors matter: Community cohesion boosts disaster resilience, Texas A&M study finds
A Texas A&M University study reveals that community cohesion prior to a natural disaster is significantly linked to perceived resilience afterward. The research found that explicit strategies for building community trust and increasing volunteerism rates should be added to emergency preparedness programs.
Revised, more accurate Baltic ringed seal count – Hunting slows population growth
The Baltic ringed seal population has increased fivefold since the 1970s due to reduced environmental toxins and hunting bans. A new statistical model reveals that resuming seal hunting in 2015 slowed population growth, with estimates suggesting an annual growth rate of less than 5% without hunting.
Projected health system and economic impacts of 2025 Medicaid policy proposals
Proposed Medicaid reforms would have far-reaching consequences beyond federal budget savings, including negative health outcomes and economic losses. Rural and underserved communities are disproportionately affected by these policy changes.
KTU experts reveal why cultural heritage is important for community unity
Researchers found that cultural heritage forms the foundation of community identity, nurturing a sense of place and continuity. Trust, emotional attachment, and social ties are also crucial for building resilient communities that can unite in times of crisis.
Location of firearm suicides in the United States
Nearly 1 in 5 US firearm suicides occur outside the home, suggesting broader community-based interventions could enhance prevention strategies. The study's findings support extending existing home-based interventions to reduce firearm-related suicides nationwide.
Patient-delivered continuous care for weight loss maintenance
This novel treatment approach yields better weight loss maintenance and cardiovascular risk outcomes compared to standard-of-care treatment. Patient-delivered lifestyle intervention combined with peer support significantly improves weight loss and reduces cardiovascular risk.
First-generation and low-income students in the national medical student body
A decrease in first-generation students was found among U.S. medical student matriculants, with high risks of attrition due to intersectional factors. This study emphasizes the need for targeted recruitment and retention efforts to better reflect physician workforce diversity.
Racism in schools harms Black youths’ mental health
A new study by the University of Ottawa reveals a clear link between racism in schools and symptoms of depression among Black students. The research identifies how academic racism hinders Black youths and their social and economic contribution to Canadian society.
Neighborhood disadvantage, individual experiences of racism, and breast cancer survival
Living in disadvantaged neighborhoods is associated with a higher risk of mortality from breast cancer in Black women. Community-level interventions aimed at reducing environmental stressors and improving access to high-quality cancer care could help reduce racial disparities in breast cancer survival.
Patient- and Community-Level Characteristics Associated With RSV Vaccination
A cross-sectional study found that hospitalized adults with RSV vaccine eligibility were more likely to receive the vaccine. Sociodemographic differences in vaccine uptake occurred, suggesting appropriate prioritization of populations with increased risk.
Cardiovascular Health Among Rural and Urban US Adults— Healthcare, Lifestyle, and Social Factors
A recent study found substantial rural-urban disparities in cardiometabolic risk factors and cardiovascular diseases among US adults. Social risk factors are identified as the primary driver of these disparities, with efforts to address socioeconomic conditions in rural communities critical to reducing the gap.
Mechanisms stabilizing Japanese moorlands, species asynchrony, and species and compositional stability
A study by YOKOHAMA National University found that species asynchrony and compositional stability jointly stabilize moorland communities, while bryophyte cover destabilizes them. Dominant species play a crucial role in maintaining community stability.
Direct exposure to mass shootings among US adults
A survey study found that US adults have regular exposure to mass shootings, which disproportionately affects younger generations and males. The study highlights the need for targeted interventions to address the broader impacts of gun violence on public health and community well-being.
Rates of population-level child sexual abuse after a community-wide preventive intervention
A community-wide preventive intervention significantly reduced reported cases of both substantiated and unsubstantiated child sexual abuse at the population level. The study's findings suggest that targeted interventions can effectively mitigate child sexual abuse rates.
Multilevel stressors and systemic and tumor immunity in Black and White women with breast cancer
A cross-sectional study found that perceived stress, inadequate social support, racial discrimination, and neighborhood deprivation negatively impacted systemic and tumor immunity in Black women. These findings may inform prevention and public health interventions for cancer health disparities.
Community racial and ethnic representation among physicians in US internal medicine residency programs
A cross-sectional study found that underrepresented in medicine internal medicine residents remained underrepresented compared to their program's county populations. The findings highlight the need for racial and ethnic diversity policies to address the continuing disparity among graduate medical education physicians.
Firearm and motor vehicle pediatric deaths— intersections of age, sex, race, and ethnicity
US youths experience disparities in firearm and motor vehicle crash fatality rates across different age groups, sexes, races, and ethnicities. A multipronged approach is necessary to address these leading causes of death, focusing on individual, community, and policy levels for high-risk groups.
Disparities by race and urbanicity in online health care facility reviews
A serial cross-sectional study found a significant decrease in positive reviews for health care facilities post-COVID, highlighting disparities in patient experience. The disparity is particularly pronounced in rural areas with high proportions of Black and white residents.
Prevalence of adverse childhood experiences in child population samples
This study reveals prevalent adverse childhood experiences among children, including abuse and neglect, with notable disparities across demographics. Early identification and community interventions can reduce ACEs and mitigate future health consequences.
Airbnbs associated with more crime in London, new study shows
A collaborative study by University of Pennsylvania researchers found that an increase in Airbnbs in London led to higher rates of robbery, burglary, theft, and violence. The study suggests that Airbnbs provide opportunities for crimes, particularly against tourists or vacant properties.
Macronutrient and micronutrient intake among US women ages 20 to 44
US women between 20-44 years old have experienced declining vitamin A, C, and iron intake over the last two decades. This trend may have significant implications for maternal and fetal health. The study aims to identify these nutrient gaps and inform recommendations to improve intake.
Dead coral skeletons hinder reef regeneration by sheltering seaweed
Researchers found that dead coral skeletons left after bleaching events protect seaweed from herbivores, enabling its quick colonization and outgrowth over young coral. This complex landscape prevents new corals from settling and surviving on the reef.
Emerging SARS-CoV-2 resistance after antiviral treatment
Treatment-emergent nirmatrelvir resistance mutations were commonly detected in immunosuppressed individuals, but at low frequencies and transient nature. The study suggests a low risk for the spread of nirmatrelvir resistance in the community with current variants and drug usage patterns.
Neighborhood food access in early life and trajectories of child BMI and obesity
Neighborhood food access in early life is strongly associated with child BMI and obesity trajectories. Residence in low-income areas with limited access to healthy food options increases the risk of severe obesity.
Race, social determinants of health, and the quality of diabetic eye care
This study found that certain social determinants of health affect monitoring for diabetic retinopathy differently for Black and white patients with diabetes. Patients living in rural communities, including Black patients with preexisting diabetic retinopathy, are not receiving eye care in accordance with clinical practice guidelines.
Neighborhood child opportunity and preterm birth rates by race and ethnicity
This cross-sectional study examines the relationship between neighborhood opportunity and preterm birth rates, finding disproportionate exposure by race and ethnicity. The study suggests that addressing neighborhood opportunity may be a modifiable factor contributing to racial and ethnic inequities in preterm birth.
Structural equality and support index in early childhood education
A cohort study found that early childhood education is associated with social determinants of health in adulthood. The findings suggest that educational attainment is a key mechanism for promoting healthier communities and addressing health disparities.
Neighborhood-level disparities in hypertension prevalence and treatment among middle-aged adults
This study found that higher hypertension rates among Black adults persisted across levels of socioeconomic disadvantage. Living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods was associated with higher hypertension rates among people of all racial and ethnic backgrounds.
Individual- and community-level risk factors of cancer-related financial hardship among cancer survivors
A cross-sectional study found that approximately 50% of cancer survivors experience financial hardship, with social vulnerability playing a key role in increasing levels of hardship. Younger, Medicare or Medicaid beneficiaries, and those with advanced disease are particularly vulnerable to financial strain.
Neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage across the life course and premature mortality
Research highlights life course impact of neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage on premature mortality. Persistent low socioeconomic status from young to middle adulthood significantly increases risk of early death.
Posttraumatic stress disorder among adults in communities with mass violence incidents
A survey of 5,991 participants found presumptive PTSD to be prevalent long after mass violence incidents, emphasizing the need for comprehensive screening efforts. The study suggests that MVIs have persistent impacts on communities, particularly those with prior exposure to trauma.
Provision of stroke care services by community disadvantage status
Community disadvantage status affects hospital stroke care services, with disadvantaged hospitals having lower certification rates. Hospitals in most advantaged communities show higher likelihood of becoming stroke certified.
Changing neighborhood income deprivation over time, moving in childhood, and adult risk of depression
A stable childhood home environment has been shown to have a protective association against adult depression. Policies supporting settled childhoods should be promoted to reduce adulthood depression risk.
Mental health of transgender youth following gender identity milestones by level of family support
A recent study published in JAMA Pediatrics highlights the critical role of family support in maintaining the mental health of transgender youth following gender identity milestones. Without a supportive family environment, these young individuals are at a higher risk of attempting suicide or running away from home.
Braiding community values with science is key to ecosystem restoration
A research team finds that local community members are indispensable partners in enhancing community engagement in repairing damaged ecosystems. Local values and attitudes play a crucial role in promoting sustainable ecosystem management practices.
Availability of medications for opioid use disorder in community mental health facilities
A study of 450 community outpatient mental health facilities found that approximately one-third offered medications for opioid use disorder. The availability of these medications highlights the need for further research on uptake and effective referral models.
The carceral state, social disorganization, and firearm homicides in Chicago
A study found that mass incarceration contributes to social disorganization and increased firearm homicides among Black communities in Chicago. Targeted policies addressing mass incarceration may help reduce urban firearm violence.
USPSTF recommendation statement on interventions to prevent falls in community-dwelling older adults
The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends exercise interventions for older adults at increased risk of falls, considering prior falls, medical conditions, and patient values. The overall net benefit is small, making a personalized approach necessary to balance benefits and harms.
Place-based measures of inequity and vision difficulty and blindness
Residential segregation, income inequality, and persistent poverty are associated with higher rates of vision difficulty and blindness in this cross-sectional study. The findings highlight the importance of understanding neighborhood characteristics on vision health outcomes.
Multilevel characteristics of cumulative symptom burden in young survivors of childhood cancer
Young survivors of childhood cancer experience prevalent symptoms years after diagnosis. Interventions to reduce caregiver anxiety and neighborhood adversity may alleviate symptom burden.
Does using your brain more at work help ward off thinking, memory problems?
Research suggests that mentally active employees are less likely to experience cognitive decline and dementia-related issues. The study analyzed various interventions aimed at boosting mental performance, revealing promising results for those looking to reduce the risk of age-related brain decline.
Socioecologic factors and racial differences in breast cancer prognostic scores
Research highlights socioecologic factors contributing to racial disparities in breast cancer prognostic scores, emphasizing the impact of structural racism on health outcomes. Additional research is needed to better understand the influence of social determinants on breast cancer biology among disadvantaged communities.
Inappropriate diagnosis of pneumonia among hospitalized adults
A study of 17,000 hospitalized adults found that inappropriate pneumonia diagnoses were common among older adults and those with dementia or altered mental status. Full-course antibiotic treatment for these patients may be detrimental to their health.
Early-life exposure to air pollution and childhood asthma cumulative incidence
A study of 5,279 children found that early-life exposure to air pollution significantly increases the risk of developing asthma by early and middle childhood. The study highlights the need for targeted environmental interventions and greater health equity in urban communities.
Neighborhood segregation and access to live donor kidney transplantation
Segregated neighborhoods contribute to racial disparities in live donor kidney transplantation. Targeted interventions, such as community outreach clinics, can help mitigate these effects and promote equitable access.