Researchers used sophisticated models to estimate the peopling of Sahul, revealing a 10,000-year journey across the continent. The ancestors of Aboriginal people first entered the continent 75,000-50,000 years ago from Timor, expanding southward and northward to settle all parts of New Guinea and Australia.
A new model called 'The Trust Circle' was developed to increase recruitment of AI/AN populations into clinical trials. The model takes into account the trust between trial participants, researchers, and community leaders, with physicians and ministers playing a key role in promoting trust.
A human genetic study suggests that Madagascar's loss of large vertebrates is linked to the first major human expansion on the island around 1,000 years ago. The study found that a small group of Bantu-speaking African people arrived on the island and led to the rapid growth of the human population.
A major new study is investigating the effects of beavers on the Arctic landscape, other animals, and local Indigenous communities. The project aims to understand the complex interlinkages between ecological and sociological changes as beaver numbers increase.
Researchers identified glacial refugia for Campanula americana and found that populations nearest the refugia had highest potential for speciation. This discovery highlights the importance of conserving habitats in Southeastern regions.
A new ancient DNA study has uncovered the 5,000-year population history of Xinjiang, China, revealing a complex mix of local northern Asian and western Steppe ancestry in Bronze Age populations. The study found that these early populations were broadly mixed with unique ancestral components from southern Siberia and Central Asia.
Scientists have identified three major components of the Asian giant hornet queen's sex pheromone, which can be used as bait to trap and track the insects. The discovery could help locate and remove the invasive species from North America, where it threatens bee populations and crop production.
Ancient DNA study reveals Bronze Age women replaced local population in Orkney, contrary to historical assumptions about European expansion trends. Genetic analysis suggests a complex and varied process of negotiation between indigenous males and newcomers from the south over many generations.
A study found that racial disparities in mammography screening worsened after COVID-19 closures, with non-white patients facing reduced access to facilities. Early interventions aimed at expanding access to these facilities helped to recover late recovery volumes for patients of races other than white.
A new study reveals that the Early Bronze Age Yamnaya pastoralists adopted milk drinking, leading to vast steppe expansions across Europe and Asia. Analysis of ancient tartar samples identified a strong correlation between dairy consumption and expansion, with 94% of individuals showing evidence of milk drinking
Researchers tracked insect evolution with major Pacific Ocean currents, revealing species adapted to different conditions. Genetic analysis of ocean skaters found distinct variations among species, mirroring changes in currents and climate.
Researchers discovered that viral expansions can transition from 'pulled' to 'pushed', where the expansion is driven by viruses arising behind the front, retaining genetic diversity for longer. This finding suggests that viral populations in infected organisms may be more adaptable than previously thought.
A study reconstructs 5,800 years of seabird population dynamics on Grand Colombier Island, linking European settlement to a significant decline in the Leach's Storm petrel population. Paleoecological approaches can help determine current ecological loss and protect critical habitat.
Marine biologists warn of Humboldt squid's vulnerability to overfishing by fleets on its migration path, as its genetic stocks are found to be homogeneously co-distributed across the northern and southern hemispheres. The study emphasizes the need for an international marine policy to ensure sustainable fishing practices.
A study published in Population Health Management found that socially isolated elderly individuals are more likely to experience future hospital admissions and emergency room visits. The research highlights the importance of providing support services to prevent unnecessary healthcare utilization.
A new branded HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) drug, emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (F/TAF), has been approved but found not to be cost-effective compared to generic formulation F/TDF. The study suggests that the high cost of F/TAF may undermine efforts to expand access to PrEP for the most vulnerable populations.
A new study published in Health Affairs found that adults in Southern states with expanded Medicaid programs experienced lower rates of physical and mental health decline compared to those without expansion. The research suggests that access to the safety net is an inadequate substitute for coverage, highlighting the need for non-expan...
Population genomic datasets reveal that Antarctic penguin species expanded rapidly after the Last Glacial Maximum, while those in ice-free habitats showed less expansion. Climate change may be driving similar demographic shifts again as global warming continues.
A new study published in the Milbank Quarterly found that federal proposals to limit Medicaid funding through block grants or per-capita caps would severely impact community health centers. Under these plans, health center revenues generated by Medicaid beneficiaries would drop by 92% and 58% for traditional enrollees by 2024.
A new case study from NYU School of Medicine provides a roadmap for academic medical centers to bridge the gap between clinical practice and public health. The report outlines four core approaches to improving health and reducing health inequities, including engaging community partners, transforming healthcare operations, and shaping p...
National IVC filter utilization declined by 36.3% in the Medicare population between 2009 and 2015, with varying rates across states. The privately insured population saw a 26.6% decline in IVC filter utilization over the same period.
A recent study found that coyotes are not limiting white-tailed deer populations in eastern US states. In fact, coyote removal programs will have little impact on increasing regional deer numbers.
A comprehensive study of ancient American genomes suggests a highly complex peopling of the continent, with rapid and uneven expansion of populations. The analysis identifies new genetic groups and reveals adaptations to high-altitude environments in South America.
The Isle Royale wolf population has remained steady at two individuals for the third consecutive year, with the moose population continuing to grow above historic averages. The study's citizen science volunteers have contributed significantly to the research efforts, gathering data on moose skull sizes and wolf activity.
Half of primary care patients face social challenges, leading to poorer health outcomes and reduced access to preventive services. More complex cases were associated with higher rates of ambulatory and emergency care visits.
A study found that access to dental services increased for Medicaid children between 2013-2015, with 77% utilizing Type I services and 21% using Type II services. Sealant access rates improved, but sealant utilization remained low, particularly among older children.
A study of the scarlet monkeyflower found mixed results for demographic compensation as a means of avoiding population declines in response to changing climate conditions. Despite increases in flowering rates, many southern populations declined due to reduced survival and growth rates.
Two Boston University School of Medicine students, Travis Hallett and Aditya Mithal, took first- and second-place wins in the Massachusetts Medical Society's annual poster symposium. Their research explores the impact of Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion on cardiovascular mortality.
A study published in Population Health Management found that state-level Medicaid expansion improved health care access among low-income US residents, increasing insurance coverage and reducing barriers to care. Residents in non-expansion states were disproportionately negatively affected by the decision not to expand Medicaid coverage.
A new study finds that Medicaid expansion in states leads to improved health insurance coverage and routine check-ups for low-income residents. However, very low-income residents in non-expansion states face disproportionately poor access to care.
Recent study identifies genetic themes of cold adaptation in Nganasan and Yakut populations, showing adaptation to high-fat animal diets. This led to higher basal metabolic rates and lower blood lipid levels in Siberians.
A widespread telehealth project in Brazil has reduced wait times for specialty consultations, while solo practices use patient-entered data to supercharge self-management. These innovations expand primary care access and enhance patient engagement.
Researchers sequenced coral genomes to model population histories and show that corals can recover after environmental disasters. The study confirms fossil evidence and suggests that current reef deterioration can be reversed by reducing environmental stresses.
The International Vector Control Centre (IVCC) has received a $75 million grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation over five years. This funding will support IVCC's work in developing innovative vector control products and tools to prevent malaria transmission from mosquitoes to vulnerable populations.
Research found that agriculture led to rapid male population expansion in Neolithic Time, with a 10- to 100-fold increase in population size. This growth occurred after the advent of agriculture, suggesting that it was a driving force behind the initial male population expansion.
A recent study published in Population Health Management found that 30% of patients with high hospitalization rates are food insecure and struggle to shop for or prepare their own meals. The research highlights the impact of food insecurity on health outcomes, particularly for vulnerable populations with chronic diseases.
Researchers discovered that almost two-thirds (64%) modern European men belong to just three young paternal lineages. The study used DNA sequences from the Y chromosomes of 334 men from 17 populations and found a widespread, recent male-specific population expansion during the Bronze Age.
Difficulty paying medical bills is a significant predictor of foregone medical and prescription drug care. The study examines how unaffordable medical expenses can lead to cyclical relationships between health, employment status, and financial resources.
A new study finds that butterflies can expand their ranges in northern England and Scotland as the climate warms. However, this expansion is only possible for species with stable or increasing population trends, highlighting the importance of conservation efforts to boost abundances within current ranges.
A recent genetic study challenges the long-held assumption that the Neolithic age marked the beginning of a global population explosion. Researchers found evidence of significant human population expansion dating back to the Paleolithic era, around 60,000-80,000 years ago.
A recent study suggests that new national policies designed to reduce hospital readmissions will have uncertain success. The study identifies three critical challenges that stand in the way of policy success, including the need for collaborative relationships within the medical community and more evidence-based policy decisions.
The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School has received significant funding to expand its family planning initiatives, aiming to increase resources and political commitment for quality programs. The Advance Family Planning initiative will focus on nine countries, improving access to and use of family planning services, information, and supplies.
A new focus section discusses a new, improved shingles vaccine and alternative therapies to control symptoms. Experts emphasize the need for continued attention from public health, physicians, and researchers to address this debilitating condition.
A study using Quebec's BALSAC population database found that families on the edge of migration waves had more children and contributed more to the contemporary population's genetics. This phenomenon, known as 'gene surfing', may explain the elevated frequency of genetic diseases in certain regions.
A new report estimates that repealing birthright citizenship would increase the US unauthorized population by at least 5 million over the next decade. The report, conducted by Penn State professor Jennifer Van Hook and the Migration Policy Institute, analyzes the demographic impact of such a repeal on the nation's population.
A study found that human populations began to expand in size in Africa around 40,000 years ago, supporting the hypothesis that population growth played a significant role in the evolution of human cultures. The research used genetic evidence and computational approaches to simulate the evolution of genetic lineages over time.
A Texas A&M University study found that yeast cells exhibit a dynamic evolutionary process with multiple beneficial adaptations arising within a population, leading to competition between segments. The research provides direct experimental evidence of 'clonal interference,' contradicting the classical model of evolution.
A team of researchers found that controlling population peaks on the edges of the gypsy moth range can help slow their invasion into virgin territory. The study's findings suggest that suppressing outbreaks near the invasion front could reduce the number of dispersers and prevent periodic surges of growth.
A study by Penn State researchers found a cluster of four genes that appear to be heavily selected in the European-American population, suggesting adaptation to new environmental pressures. In contrast, the African-American population shows signs of natural selection for milk tolerance due to changes in TRPV6 and TRPV5 genes.
A new nonsurgical technique using stent-graft placement has been shown to be effective in treating people with life-threatening aortic dissection. The catheter-delivered procedure involves inserting a wire mesh tube to force open and maintain the blocked aorta, reducing complications and mortality rates.