Research on making sense of scientific and medical data. Covers AI error-correction, single-cell search engines, optical computing, and measurement reliability.
A recent study analyzing survey data found that black patients were more likely to die in hospitals, while white patients received poorer treatment. The study also showed a lack of respect for white patients' wishes during end-of-life care.
Wayne State University will analyze 20 years of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders data to refine the new diagnosis and provide support for official recognition in the DSM. The study aims to identify key developmental outcomes, prenatal alcohol exposure levels, and critical dose effects.
A study analyzing over 100,000 individuals sentenced for felonies in Michigan found that those with a history of imprisonment were 20 percentage points more likely to be re-incarcerated than those on probation. Intense parole supervision may contribute to increased incarceration rates among parolees.
Researchers used CMS open data to analyze jets produced from proton collisions, revealing a universal feature within subatomic particles. The study demonstrates the scientific value of open access in particle physics and provides a stepping stone for future analysis.
A study found nearly a quarter of dialysis patients are readmitted to the hospital within 30 days, often for a diagnosis different from their initial hospitalization. Patient characteristics such as female gender, younger age, and certain medical conditions were linked to a high likelihood of readmission.
A telephone-first approach to general practice reduced face-to-face consultations and increased telephone calls, but also led to an increase in emergency admissions. Despite its potential for managing some workloads, the approach was found to be associated with increased GP workload.
Postpartum depression affects over 5% of women after childbirth, with a risk of recurrence 21% for those with hospital contacts or antidepressant use. Treatment duration varies, with 27.9% still in treatment a year after first treatment.
One in five teens reported having suffered a concussion, with 5.5% experiencing multiple concussions over their lifetime according to a University of Michigan study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
A new study finds that US multinationals operating in tax havens often report earnings by broad categories instead of individual countries, making it harder to track profits and identify potential tax avoidance. Larger companies and those in resource-intensive industries are particularly likely to be vague about their reporting.
A new study reveals that ultra-high-energy cosmic rays come from galaxies far beyond our own Milky Way galaxy. The Pierre Auger Observatory's data analysis shows that these particles favor a specific direction, suggesting an extragalactic origin.
Research by MU professor Rui Yao found that women's lower net worth and higher income uncertainty contribute to their reduced risk tolerance. Women are more likely to have uncertain incomes, leading them to be more conservative in their investing, especially during child-rearing periods.
Junzhou Huang will explore combining topology and machine learning to analyze brain image data, which is complex, multiscale, and heterogeneous. The goal is to predict the outcome of future data more accurately.
The VLA Sky Survey (VLASS) will produce the sharpest radio view of a large portion of the sky, detecting powerful cosmic explosions and superfast particles. The survey will reveal new information on galaxy growth, magnetic fields, and interactions between galaxies.
Researchers analyzed color-naming data from 110 languages and found that warm colors like red, yellow, and orange are generally easier to communicate than cool colors like blue and green. The study suggests that differences in color categorization may reflect cultural differences in color usefulness.
Researchers reviewed the status of classical and quantum machine learning, exploring its potential to analyze both classical and quantum data. Quantum machines could accelerate processing timescales using quantum annealers and universal quantum computers.
Analysis of Chinese life expectancy data reveals a significant impact of airborne particulate matter (PM) on mortality rates. Exposure to PM smaller than 10 microns is estimated to reduce life expectancy by 0.6 years for every 10 μg/m3 of PM10.
A new RAND Corporation study reveals that private hospital care payments in Indiana are significantly higher than national norms and are increasing over time. The state's largest hospital systems command the highest prices, with some hospitals charging up to 3.5 times the Medicare rate.
Gautam Das, a University of Texas at Arlington computer science professor, has received a $199,346 grant from the National Science Foundation to explore ways to perform data analytics with limited location-based data views. The project aims to develop techniques that can tap into this data and enable third-party clients to create locat...
A study published in Health Affairs found that China's New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) increased health insurance coverage to 100% of counties by 2012. However, the scheme was not significantly correlated with reductions in mortality rates among people aged sixty and older.
Researchers measure exceptionally high oxygen absorption in the Labrador Sea during winter 2014/2015. The study suggests that while this region may absorb more oxygen than lost, the global decrease in surface water oxygen content due to climate change cannot be compensated.
A comparative analysis of trauma data from India and the US reveals that women in India are nearly 40 times more likely to die after being assaulted. The disparity is attributed to various factors, including delayed medical attention and unequal access to healthcare services.
A study by NIH and other institutions has extended noninvasive prenatal screening to all 24 human chromosomes, detecting rare genetic disorders that may explain miscarriage and pregnancy abnormalities. The research identified risk for serious complications in pregnancies with high levels of abnormal cells in the placenta.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a technique to monitor the maturation process of the immune system in leukaemia patients after stem cell transplantation. This study identifies patterns linked to clinical complications and provides new knowledge on the regulation and dysregulation of the immune system.
A study led by University of California, Berkeley researchers found that higher levels of education are tied to better cognitive functioning later in life. The study analyzed data from around 196,000 Lumosity subscribers and found that education boosts performance more in areas such as reasoning than processing speed.
Researchers have developed a new algorithm that allows AI to collect error reports and correct them immediately, without affecting existing skills. This enables robots to learn from their mistakes and spread new knowledge amongst themselves.
A new study found that higher income individuals engage in more moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity on fewer days, known as the 'weekend warrior' effect, while spending more time in sedentary pursuits. The study suggests tailoring physical activity messages to reflect the constraints of both low and high income individuals.
A NJIT researcher is leading a global ham radio experiment to study the effects of the solar eclipse on Earth's ionosphere. He will contact a network of ham radio operators worldwide to test their high frequency signals and measure the eclipse's impact.
A study by CSIC and London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine found that higher temperatures increase health risks, but sensitivity varies by region. The study suggests adapting to excessive heat and developing migration strategies as climate change projections increase temperatures.
Researchers found that human-induced and naturally occurring earthquakes in the central US share the same shaking potential, causing similar damage. The study used seismic data from 39 earthquakes, concluding that stress drop values of induced and natural earthquakes are identical.
A new study reveals that dietary restriction improves learning in worms by depleting a specific amino acid metabolite. The researchers used the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans to test how food deprivation affected learning and found that restricted access to food increased learning by reducing kynurenic acid levels.
A computational model analyzing 6,082 European football players' salaries showed that Lionel Messi is the world's most overpaid player, followed by Cristiano Ronaldo and Luis Suarez. The study found a strong link between skills and salaries, but noted exceptions like the Ekstraklasa league.
Researchers found a significant association between gender inequity and increased child physical abuse and neglect. The study analyzed data from 57 countries and found that higher scores on measures of discrimination against women were linked to higher rates of child maltreatment.
Tardigrades' DNA shows no evidence of extraordinary survival means, contradicting previous ideas. The genomes provide insight into their close relationship with nematodes and potential applications in biotechnology.
Researchers found that cell fate decision is not a unique programmed event, but rather the outcome of a dynamic process where cells explore different molecular possibilities before reaching a stable state. This process is reminiscent of trial-and-error learning and highlights the complexity of human hematopoietic cell fate commitment.
Texas A&M University researchers have developed a predictive model that can identify potential vulnerabilities in electric grids and predict weather hazards. The model uses historical and close-to-real-time data to analyze the impact of these factors on power system outages, enabling utility companies to take proactive measures.
Researchers argue that basic legal and ethical principles surrounding consent are unclear, threatening the validity of large-scale biobanking projects. The authors call for explicit policy action to address these issues.
Researchers have successfully produced a 'quantum egg-box' with hundreds of thousands of artificially arranged fluxons, enabling stable non-equilibrium states. This breakthrough paves the way for developing fast computer circuits based on fluxons with enhanced speed and reduced heat dissipation.
A new study published in Health Affairs reveals that individuals who adopt healthy behaviors such as maintaining a normal weight, not smoking, and consuming alcohol moderately can expect to live seven years longer than the general population. These extra years are spent in good health, free from disability.
A recent study analyzed data from California Birth Defects Monitoring Program and found that male infants had lower rates of birth defects after the 9/11 attacks. The researchers suggest that large population stressors like 9/11 may select against weaker male fetuses.
The UK Biobank is distributing its 500,000-person dataset via the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA), a resource developed by EMBL-EBI and CRG in Barcelona. This move aims to enable researchers to study human disease causes with maximum efficiency.
Neuroscientists have created a low-cost imaging and microscope system for research, training, and teaching, called FlyPi. The system uses 3D printing and open-source components to perform standard lab protocols at a fraction of the cost of commercially available solutions.
A study published in JAMA found that long-term, moderate-intensity physical activity led to a small reduction in total sedentary time among older adults with mobility impairments. The intervention also showed sustained effects over 24 months.
A new analysis by University of Houston political scientists found that party labels, not religious affiliation, are the most powerful predictors of how voters perceive candidates. Party brand matters more than a candidate's religious views when it comes to shaping voter beliefs about ideology.
A new study by Michigan State University education scholars found that burnout among early-career teachers is contagious, with a stronger link to school-wide culture than close colleagues' burnout. The researchers analyzed survey data from over 400 teachers and found that schools can play a significant role in reducing teacher burnout.
Medicaid enrollees gave their healthcare an average rating of 7.9 out of 10 for overall satisfaction. They also reported easily accessing physician care and having a usual source of care.
A novel property of tau protein has been identified, which may reveal a new step in the formation of pathological tau aggregates. The protein can condense into a compact droplet in a complex with RNA, retaining its liquid properties and creating conditions for vulnerability to aggregation.
Researchers found that identical twins share more T-cell clone receptors than expected due to potential exchange of T cells through cord blood before birth. This phenomenon suggests that some immune system cell clones created before birth can persist for about 40 years, shedding light on the diversity of T cell receptors in adults.
Researchers expose newborn mice to isoflurane, a widely used anesthetic agent, and find chronic activation of the mTOR pathway, which affects normal brain development. The study reveals abnormal neuron structure and impaired learning abilities in mice exposed to isoflurane.
The expansion of agriculture has led to a decline in burned areas globally, particularly in tropical savannas and grasslands. Long-term declines were more associated with transitions from natural to managed landscapes.
A set of guidelines helps create, reference and maintain web-based identifiers to improve reproducibility, attribution, and scientific discovery in life sciences. Persistent identifiers enable the linking and discovery of data, but their robustness and uniqueness are crucial for usefulness.
A study found that training enhances attention in the brain, leading to improved performance in tasks like reading x-rays and excelling in sports. However, after extended training, this initial gain in attention disappears, even though behavioral performance remains improved.
A new study found that cells can adapt to environmental changes more rapidly by accelerating genetic changes around genes that boost fitness. By increasing the number of copies of genes, cells can synthesise more protein product, making processes more efficient.
A human enzyme, cyclophilin 40, unravels protein aggregates contributing to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Experimental expression preserves brain neurons and rescues cognitive deficits in a mouse model.
The hazel dormouse has experienced a 72% decline over two decades, with annual losses reaching 5.8%. Climate change and habitat loss are major concerns for the species' survival.
Researchers at Numenta have developed an online sequence memory algorithm called Hierarchical Temporal Memory (HTM) that can detect anomalies in real-time streaming data without supervision. The technique is based on the principles of how the brain works and has been tested using the Numenta Anomaly Benchmark.
Recurring gastrointestinal infections in early childhood significantly increase the risk of developing gluten intolerance, according to a new study. The research found a strong association between early respiratory tract infections and an elevated risk of celiac disease.
A Baylor University study finds that frequent prayer among older adults with a secure attachment to God improves their sense of well-being, while those with an average or weak attachment may experience mixed results. For those who perceive God as distant or untrustworthy, prayer is not associated with improved mental health.
Researchers have developed a new computer model that generates synthetic data for simulating real-world applications using giant graphs. The model, TrillionG, is faster and uses less resources than existing methods, making it ideal for testing giant graph algorithms and systems.
Researchers analyzed how neurons in V2 respond to natural scenes, discovering three principles: combining edges, cross-orientation suppression, and repeating patterns. This work provides insight into the brain's ability to recognize faces, cars, and other objects.
A new study suggests that comets may have delivered up to 22% of the element xenon found in Earth's atmosphere. The finding is based on analysis of spectrometry data from the Rosetta spacecraft, which detected isotopic signatures of cometary xenon that closely match those on Earth.