Articles tagged with Data Analysis
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that people tend to mimic each other's eating behavior when dining with others, taking bites at the same time. The researchers observed 70 pairs of young women and recorded their bites, totaling almost 4,000, revealing a dynamic interplay between eating companions.
A cross-sectional analysis found that strengthening mental health systems features can facilitate access to psychotropic medicines, while country development plays a different role in promoting affordability.
Research followed 2000 British civil servants and found a robust association between overtime work and depression, with odds more than double for those working 11+ hours. The correlation was not affected by adjusting for confounders.
Researchers investigate giant submarine landslides using subsurface data to understand their form and origin. The study also sheds light on the tectonic history of the Eastern Cordillera and provides new insights into the formation of mountains along the Atlantic margin of northeastern Brazil.
Researchers republished a 1996 behavioral priming study, but found the initial results were only seen when experimenters' expectations of participant behavior were manipulated. Environmental cues, including the experimenter's behavior, appear to affect participants' behavior.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that dung beetles perform a specific dance before moving away from the pile, upon encountering obstacles, or when losing control of their dung ball. This behavior is crucial for efficient navigation and allows them to quickly move away from intense competition.
A study by Italian researchers found that people who are well-informed about health through mass media are more likely to stick to the Mediterranean diet, a healthy eating pattern. The study analyzed data from over 1,000 participants and found that those with higher exposure to mass media information reported better eating habits.
Researchers have discovered a new species of tiny frog, Paedophryne amauensis, which is the world's smallest vertebrate. The frog has an adult body size ranging from 7.0 to 8.0 millimeters, making it significantly smaller than the previous record holder, Paedocypris progenetica.
The study analyzes the impact of the 2001 Doha Declaration on compulsory licensing of pharmaceuticals, highlighting a need for systematic evaluation of global health agreements. The authors investigated trends in compulsory licensing since 1995 and found significant changes in response to the declaration.
Researchers found willingness to take financial risks decreases with age and economic downturns. Investors should not adjust their risk tolerance according to the economic climate. Financial planners must consider clients' attitudes toward risk for appropriate investment portfolio recommendations.
A recent study published by JAMA Network found that statin use in postmenopausal women is associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes. The study, which analyzed data from the Women's Health Initiative, included over 153,000 women and found that statin use was linked to a higher risk of new-onset diabetes.
A new study published in PLoS ONE found significant personality differences between men and women, contrary to previous underestimation. The researchers analyzed data from over 10,000 participants using a comprehensive personality test, revealing large discrepancies in traits such as warmth, sensitivity, and perfectionism.
A recent study analyzing data from over 15 countries found that US heart-attack patients are more likely to be readmitted to the hospital within 30 days compared to patients in other countries. The study identified factors associated with readmission, including multivessel coronary artery disease and baseline heart rate.
Researchers found that treating crickets with epinastine abolished the winner effect, suggesting a link between adrenaline-like systems and increased aggression. The aggression levels returned to normal within 20 minutes post-fight.
A new allocation framework reserves individual emissions paths for developing countries until certain development standards are reached, then requires reductions. Fair allocation of CO2 emissions and carbon budgets considering development dynamics may improve acceptance in climate negotiations.
Researchers found single-sex vaccination to be the most effective strategy for reducing human papillomavirus (HPV) infection rates. By vaccinating the sex with the highest pre-vaccine prevalence of HPV infection – typically females – immunity can be bolstered and herd immunity improved.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that worker ants can paralyze and kill termites without direct contact, thanks to their potent venom. The researchers discovered three functions of the ant venom: attracting nestmates, repelling alien ants, and killing termites.
New Caledonian crows show expertise in tool use, adapting their technique to optimize performance. The study reveals that these crows possess cognitive mechanisms beyond simple associative learning, allowing them to understand the functional properties of novel tool types.
Researchers used functional MRI to assess cerebral activity in doctors while they diagnosed lesions. The results showed that the brain areas active during this task were strikingly similar to those activated while naming line drawings of animals.
Astronomers detected a nearby Type Ia supernova with unprecedented observation of initial stages, characterizing the nature of forming stars. NSF's Cyber-Enabled Discovery program supported computational framework for rapid detection and characterization.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that students' ability to estimate time is correlated with their math skills, suggesting a common reliance on spatial ability. The researchers suggest that developing this skill could improve mathematical intelligence.
Counterfeit medicines pose significant health risks, and experts argue that the World Health Organization (WHO) should play a key role in combating them. The authors propose an international treaty on medicine quality under WHO auspices to address this issue.
A large study published in PLOS Medicine has found a positive association between rotating night shift work and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in women. The study, which analyzed data from over 230,000 women, suggests that long duration of shift work may also be associated with greater weight gain.
A new study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that hospital-acquired C. difficile infection increases length of stay in hospital by an average of six days.
Researchers developed an algorithm that accurately identifies potential 'red-light violators' within seconds, reducing false alarms. The algorithm's accuracy surpasses existing safety-prediction technologies, with a 85% success rate in identifying violators.
The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation has awarded $6 million to three West Coast universities to create a prototype earthquake early warning system. The goal is to provide seconds to several minutes of warning before the ground shakes, saving thousands of lives and millions of dollars in the event of an earthquake.
Wyngaard and Thompson are honored for their contributions to understanding atmospheric turbulence and ozone dynamics. They received the Carl-Gustaf Rossby Research Medal and Verner E. Suomi Award, respectively.
Researchers from Brown University report that dark matter must have a mass greater than 40 GeV to explain the universe's accelerated expansion. This limits potential weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) candidates, which were previously suggested by other experiments.
Researchers used DNA barcoding to discover several previously undiscovered butterfly species in the Yucatan peninsula, correcting four cases of mistaken identification. The study showcases the utility of this method in characterizing biodiversity.
A study by Mona Loutfy and colleagues found that women experience a complex system of stigma related to HIV, sexism, racism, homophobia, and sex work. The researchers identified resilience, social networks, and challenging stigma as effective coping strategies.
A recent survey of Italian high school students found that both underweight and overweight teens consume more illegal drugs than their normal-weight peers. The study suggests that social factors such as self-esteem and friendships play a key role in the relationship between abnormal weight and substance abuse.
Researchers surveyed over 5,000 people in the Fukushima region and found that almost all had safe contamination levels. The exposure gradually decreased over time, with indoor air having one-tenth the radiation dose of outdoor air.
A study by Binghamton University found that positive observational behavior data increases sales, while negative observations have little impact. This discovery should ease fears for online retailers, who can now display statistics on consumer behavior without discouraging purchases.
Astronomers found two distinct populations of neutron stars, suggesting different supernova channels. The findings shed light on stellar evolution and open new research areas.
Researchers developed a computational model to predict justice's votes, outperforming legal expert forecasts and case content algorithms. The study found decreasing court predictability over the Warren-Rehnquist era and lower predictability during Democratic presidencies.
A study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences finds a strong correlation between precipitation patterns in the Northeast and Southwest. Researchers used sediment layers to reconstruct records and found that extreme weather events are predicted by climate models.
Global health training programs should be evaluated by the quality of experience for trainees from all settings and by the incremental improvement in in-country care, infrastructure, and research. Investments in human resources are crucial to discovering and delivering innovations in prevention and treatment.
Patients treated by physicians who billed for both technical and professional fees were more likely to undergo cardiac stress imaging after coronary revascularization. The incidence of nuclear stress testing was higher among these physicians compared to those who did not bill for the service, with 12.6% vs 5.0%.
A team of scientists using NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has discovered a young millisecond pulsar named PSR J1823−3021A, challenging existing theories about its formation. The discovery pushes the total count of detected pulsars to over 100, with NGC 6624 globular cluster contributing significantly.
A study published in PLOS ONE reveals that big cats' square-shaped vocal cords allow for louder roars at lower lung pressure, making it easier for the tissue to respond to airflow. This discovery contradicts a long-held theory and could potentially help doctors reconstruct damaged vocal fold tissue.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine found that physical activity can substantially reduce the effect of the FTO gene on obesity risk. The research, which analyzed data from over 218,000 adults, showed that individuals who were physically active had a nearly 30% weaker association with the FTO gene compared to those who were inactive.
The Ontario Genomics Institute's Toronto Centre of Genomic Services (TCAG) has received a $5 million injection to continue providing cutting-edge genomic services. Led by Dr. Stephen Scherer, TCAG supports over 1,600 labs worldwide in various disciplines.
Researchers have created a novel EEG-based brain-computer interface that allows users to control a virtual helicopter using only their minds. The system was tested with great success, reaching targets 85% of the time in a task requiring users to navigate randomly positioned rings in three-dimensional space.
Researchers studied woodpecker anatomy and behavior to understand how they resist head impact injury. Key findings include the relative 'spongy'-ness of cranial bones and beak features that absorb shock, leading to a combined effect of multiple morphological features.
A Stanford University study demonstrates that indigenous peoples can collect reliable environmental data through training and collaboration with scientists. The researchers trained over 340 villagers in methods of collecting field data, and found that the accuracy of their data was comparable to that of trained scientists.
Researchers are developing new data analysis and modeling methodologies to aid the transition from the decennial census to the annual American Community Survey. These methods could impact how over $400 billion in federal and state funds are distributed annually.
Researchers found that subordinate males in cichlids increase defense against predators when they sire offspring. Cooperative breeding behavior is affected by direct fitness benefits and indirect benefits like safety.
A multi-institutional project based at the University of Chicago aims to apply data mining methods to understand the genetic and environmental factors behind neuropsychiatric disorders. The Sylvio O. Conte Center will combine statistical power from pre-existing genetics, pharmacogenomics, text-mining, and clinical record databases.
Researchers analyzed 300,000 NBA free-throws, finding strong support for the hot hand phenomenon, which suggests a streak of positive outcomes is likely to continue. This study sheds new light on an old question, supporting fans' view that the phenomenon exists and opens doors for further physiological and psychological investigations.
Home-based supervised oral HIV self-testing has been shown to be feasible in high-HIV-prevalence settings in urban Africa. The study found strong community readiness for this approach alongside other HIV counseling and testing strategies.
Asperger individuals display uneven profiles of performance in common intelligence test batteries, but scores are much higher on a reasoning-based test called Raven's Progressive Matrices. This suggests a common information processing mechanism for both Asperger and autistic individuals.
A study analyzing Medicare data found that older patients treated by low-volume operators had a significantly higher risk of death within 30 days after receiving a carotid artery stent. Patients treated early in an operator's career also faced a higher mortality rate.
A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that older patients who underwent carotid artery stenting from lesser experienced physicians had a higher risk of death within 30 days. The study analyzed Medicare data and found that doctors with less than six procedures per year performed worse outcomes.
Astronomers at Yale University have discovered the first two potential exoplanets found by Planet Hunters users analyzing real scientific data from NASA's Kepler mission. The candidate planets orbit their host stars with periods ranging from 10 to 50 days and radii that range in size from two-and-a-half to eight times Earth's radius.
A recent study by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that married women's autonomy and decision-making power are linked to their sexual activity. Women who have more control over household decisions tend to have sex less often, with a significant increase in time since their last intercourse.
A new analysis of census data estimates that 750,000 soldiers died in the American Civil War, a 20% increase from the commonly cited figure of 620,000. This reevaluation is based on a more detailed comparison of male and female survival rates using historical census data.
A new evidence-based tool has been developed to evaluate doctoral programs in African universities, incorporating perspectives from students, staff, and policy makers. The tool aims to strengthen capacity and justify external funding inputs, benefiting universities across different countries.
TheSkyNet project allows public to contribute spare computing power to radio astronomy data processing. The initiative aims to complement primary data processing work of supercomputing facilities, generating real outcomes for scientific research.
A study found that MLB umpires call strikes more often for white pitchers than minority pitchers, leading to a decrease in performance and pay. Minority pitchers responded by playing it safe with their pitches, resulting in decreased performance.
A multi-country analysis shows that ITN ownership reduces child malaria parasites by 20% and child deaths by 23%. The findings support the widespread provision of ITNs as a key intervention in controlling malaria.