Articles tagged with Radar
GTRI researchers patented a digital process for aircraft radar warning receivers, improving stability and reducing cost. The new digital crystal video receiver can detect RF signals over a wide range of frequencies, making it more robust and efficient.
A team of scientists observed the speeding up of an asteroid's rotation, showing it is due to the heating of its surface by the Sun. The YORP effect, a theoretical prediction, was directly detected in action on a small near-Earth asteroid.
Cornell astronomers have confirmed that solar radiation and an asteroid's shape determine its rotation rate, a phenomenon known as the Yarkovsky-O'Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack Effect. This effect can help explain the formation of binary asteroids by creating strong centrifugal forces.
The USC researchers have created two novel CMOS architectures for 'biometric radar' and automobile accident avoidance systems. One chip can detect living victims in rubble by analyzing minute movements caused by breathing and heartbeat, while the other uses a low-cost CMOS chip to detect ultrawideband signals.
Researchers have found evidence of ancient impact basins and topographic depressions in the Martian lowlands using MARSIS instrument, confirming the subsurface's complexity. The discovery sheds light on the geologic evolution of Mars, revealing a dichotomy between the northern and southern hemispheres.
The Cassini spacecraft has imaged the tallest mountains ever seen on Saturn's moon Titan, with peaks reaching nearly a mile high. The mountains are topped with bright, white material that may be methane or other organic 'snow,' suggesting a unique geology and potential for life.
Researchers at Ohio State University developed a satellite radar technique to measure water levels in vegetated wetlands. The study found rising and dropping water levels in selected sites over a decade, including changes caused by seasonal rainfall.
Scientists at Ohio State University have used a new radar instrument to create the first three-dimensional image of the ground beneath Greenland's ice sheet. The image reveals a landscape with mountains and valleys, similar to Canada and the northern United States, hidden for millions of years.
The CSIRO ICT Centre has demonstrated a point-to-point wireless connection of over six gigabits per second, the highest efficiency ever achieved for such a system. The technology operates at 85GHz and enables the transmission of multiple streams of DVD quality video simultaneously.
Scientists have gained unprecedented insight into the internal structure and melting rate of the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf using phase-sensitive radar. The results show that an average of 1m of ice is melted from the bottom of the ice shelf every year, with no signs of change due to replenishment by upstream ice flow.
Researchers mapped subsidence in New Orleans using satellite radar imagery, revealing areas where land is sinking at alarming rates. The study highlights the need for revised reconstruction plans and more durable levees to address the growing threat of flooding.
By analyzing cloud height and rainfall patterns, NASA scientists can estimate whether a hurricane's surface winds will strengthen or weaken. Rainfall from clouds extending up to 9 miles high indicates stronger winds.
Scientists discovered massive sand dunes on Saturn's moon Titan, formed by tidal winds and unique atmospheric conditions. The dunes, similar to those in Namibian Deserts, suggest that Titan's atmosphere can create surface winds powerful enough to sculpt sand.
Researchers using ERS-2's radar altimetry and InSAR found anomalies in ice-sheet surface elevation, suggesting large floods of water from deep within the ice may have generated huge floods that reached the ocean. The discovery raises concerns about ancient life in subglacial lakes.
The Mars Express and NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter missions are providing valuable insights into Mars' upper interior. The combination of radars on the two missions will directly map the structure of the upper portions of the interior, revealing information about water, ice caps, and crust deformation.
Researchers developed a radar-activated system that uses cannons and falcon decoys to deter birds from oil sands mining ponds, showing promise for reducing bird deaths. The system detects birds more effectively than traditional deterrents and can be used in conjunction with industry efforts to reclaim mines and reduce hazardous waste.
The SAVE-U project developed an innovative pre-impact sensing platform that combines sensors, radar, and cameras to protect cyclists and pedestrians. The system can identify potential collisions and apply automatic braking to prevent them, even in challenging weather and light conditions.
Researchers at Georgia Tech are developing silicon-germanium microchips that can operate in ultra-sophisticated radar systems and new generations of NASA spacecraft. These chips offer cost savings, compact size, and improved efficiency, making them ideal for phased-array radar systems.
The MARSIS radar has provided direct information about Mars' deep subsurface, revealing buried impact craters and hints of underground water-ice. The radar's measurements have changed our perception of the Red Planet, adding a new dimension to its knowledge.
The US Army and Air Force partnered with Sandia National Laboratories to test the effectiveness of Athena, a device that uses radar to identify friendly forces on the battlefield. The successful demonstration showcases the potential for this technology to prevent fratricide, or killing one's own soldiers, in combat situations.
A new transmission system using phased array technology could improve planetary radar and spacecraft communication efficiency, enabling more data to be collected from science spacecraft. The system's low power consumption and lack of moving parts make it a cost-effective alternative to current systems.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has provided critical shielding data to NASA, enabling the resumption of space shuttle flights. The NIST system measures electromagnetic shielding characteristics in key locations, allowing NASA to set safe power levels on radar systems.
Researchers are using a new radar installed at the Rothera research base in Antarctica to investigate climate change and explore giant waves in the mesosphere, the least-explored part of the Earth's atmosphere. The radar uses meteors as 'miners' canaries to measure winds and temperatures, revealing frigid temperatures in the mesosphere.
A new NIST method corrects time distortions in oscilloscopes, improving signal accuracy and reducing noise interference. The free software package can be applied to a wide range of equipment and signals.
Researchers used harmonic radar to track bees' flight paths after attending a 'waggle dance', confirming the dance is a coded message guiding them to new food sources. The study showed that bees translate the dance code into successful navigation, correcting for wind drift even when visiting unfamiliar destinations.
Researchers at Ohio State will develop a new radar instrument to peer beneath earth's ice cover and analyze how ice accumulates. The project aims to understand the impact of melting ice on global sea levels and temperature regulation.
Researchers used harmonic radar to track butterflies' flight patterns, finding they follow decisive routes for feeding and orientation. The study aims to understand how butterflies navigate fragmented landscapes and maintain sustainable populations.
The Duke team is analyzing different obstacles and identifying distinguishing features to create
Researchers infer that Titan has acquired significant amounts of ammonia and water, which could be responsible for resurfacing parts of the moon. The Cassini-Huygens mission suggests that liquid ammonia-and-water layers may exist beneath Titan's surface.
Researchers studied coastal 'jet' south of Block Island, revealing strong seasonal variability in currents. Analysis showed that freshwater outflow from estuaries and wind stress drive the interplay behind this phenomenon, producing a stronger jet during summer and weaker flow during winter.
The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) will be decommissioned by NASA, marking the end of its outstanding contribution to Earth observations. TRMM's unique precipitation observations have provided unprecedented insights into rainfall-producing cloud systems over tropical land masses and oceans.
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has adopted a new NIST standard for across-the-road radar systems, which can detect vehicles traveling above a predetermined speed without requiring an operator. These systems are more reliable and less prone to being detected by speeders, providing enhanced safety for motorists.
The Navy is developing a new radio frequency concept, AMRF-C, to enable a limited number of transmit and receive antennas to handle multiple communications, radar, and electronic warfare functions. The goal is to reduce costs and improve performance by leveling so-called 'antenna forests'.
Scientists at Georgia Tech Research Institute are developing a non-destructive radar system to detect mold behind walls, which can emit harmful compounds and cause serious health issues. The goal is to create a handheld prototype that can map mold and help contractors pinpoint damaged areas.
Researchers made new discoveries about the Earth's magnetic field, Mars rover data, and post-earthquake ground movement. A thin layer in the Earth's magnetic field was observed, while a Martian rover's landing site may be coated with iron oxide, affecting water detection. GPS technology also revealed ground movement after an 8.0-magnit...
The newly launched San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) will provide researchers with tools for continuous monitoring from inside an active earthquake zone. This project is part of the larger EarthScope initiative, which aims to investigate geological forces shaping the North American continent.
The RADAR project aims to develop a system that can save time for its user while improving decision quality. The system will handle routine tasks autonomously, ask for confirmation on others, and produce suggestions that users can modify.
The MARSIS project aims to probe several miles beneath Mars' surface and study the ionosphere. Researchers hope to detect signs of liquid water, which may have shaped the planet's deep canyons.
Ultra-wideband technology offers advantages in communication due to its wide spectrum range. The technology allows for efficient transmission and reception of data without interference, enabling military communications to remain secure and domestic devices to achieve higher data rates.
The Office of Naval Research (ONR) is developing an Advanced Multi-Function Radio-Frequency Concept (AMRF-C) antenna aperture that can integrate radar and communications functions, reducing the need for separate antennas and increasing stealth.
Researchers uncovered characteristics of faults that move backwards, contrary to conventional observations, and found the material within faults is significantly different than its surroundings. The study provides a new way to identify potentially active faults and better understand the earthquake process.
Researchers at Scripps Institution of Oceanography used satellite and radar technologies to monitor the height and thickness of Antarctica's ice shelves. They successfully measured the effect of tides on ice shelf height, allowing for more accurate tracking of climate-related changes.
A NASA study found that urban heat islands create more summer rain over and downwind of major cities worldwide. The increased heat promotes rising air and alters weather patterns, leading to higher rainfall rates in urban areas.
Researchers estimate that about 16 percent of near-Earth asteroids are likely to be binary systems, with some featuring a three-to-one size ratio. Five such binary systems have been identified by radar, offering insights into their formation and potential for collision with Earth.
Researchers have recalculated the amount of carbon dioxide released from tropical forests into global waterways, finding that it is triple the current estimate. The new total is comparable to a fifth of human activities' carbon dioxide emissions, challenging the notion that forests are carbon sponges.
A UCLA-led team of chemists and engineers has developed a transparent plastic that can mend itself when heated, offering potential use in industries such as electronics, radar and communications. The material, called Automend, retains 60% of its original strength after healing.
The new radar technology can measure wind speed, direction and turbulence, and can be used to predict weather patterns. It has been commercialized by Atrad and is being used in various applications, including flight trials of a supersonic transport aircraft and weather forecasting in the UK.
Astronomers have obtained radar images of a giant, dog bone-shaped asteroid called 216 Kleopatra, located in the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. The asteroid is about 217 kilometers long and 94 kilometers wide, with a shape that resembles a distorted dumbbell or dog bone.
Tornado researcher Andrew Pazmany heads to the Great Plains to track supercells and determine conditions that enable F4/F5 tornadoes. He will use a modified marine radar to analyze storm structures and distances.
Researchers at Ohio State University developed new radar antenna designs to detect and disable buried land mines. The dishes and rod-shaped antennas can identify mines like fingerprints identify people, while being mounted on a cart or hand-held.
Researchers at Ohio State University used ground penetrating radar to detect creosote deposits buried beneath an EPA cleanup site in Marion, Ohio. The technique showed promise for finding other kinds of buried hazardous waste.
Researchers develop Infrared Search and Track system to enhance low-altitude target detection. The new system will complement existing radars, providing improved detection in low-visibility conditions.
A new study reveals that over 600 areas in the Gulf of Mexico experience natural oil seeps, releasing twice an Exxon Valdez spill worth of oil annually. The oil breaks down into carbon dioxide and is harmless to marine animals, with surface tension spreading it thinly across the ocean surface.
Scientists have developed a new technique using ice-penetrating radar to study long-ago changes in West Antarctic ice streams. This allows them to look at changes much farther back in time, indicating possible fluctuations in the stability of the massive West Antarctic Ice Sheet.
The University of Iowa team will use a low-frequency radar to probe beneath the Martian surface and study the planet's ionosphere. The goal is to detect signs of liquid water, which may be responsible for carving the planet's canyons.
The Lynx SAR system can produce one-foot resolution imagery at standoff distances of up to 55 kilometers, even through clouds and light rain. It can also detect moving targets and small surface penetrations, making it a significant advancement in surveillance technology.
The Office of Naval Research is testing a new weather radar system that delivers potentially superior at-sea weather information. The system, which uses the Navy's SPY-1 phased array radar, will provide direct weather feedback and input to tactical weather forecasts.
The first 3D topographic images of the lunar polar regions have been revealed by Cornell University researchers, indicating potential sites for water ice deposits. The new images obtained through radar interferometry show five large craters in the south polar region that could contain significant amounts of water ice.
Researchers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory developed a prototype engineering tool to aid in verifying an aircraft's stealth characteristics. The Holographic 3-Dimensional Radar Camera can be deployed worldwide and provides images of radar reflections to assess the condition of radar-absorbing material.
The UCSB transistor achieved a world record frequency of 1200 gigahertz, significantly improving the sensitivity of solid-state radar systems. This innovation enables Navy systems to detect small objects in cluttered environments, such as coastal zones.