Articles tagged with Mechanical Systems
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Scientists at Lancaster University have discovered that superfluid helium-3 behaves like a two-dimensional system when probed with mechanical resonators. This finding has significant implications for our understanding of superfluidity and its potential applications in various fields.
Researchers from the Institute for Basic Science developed a novel approach to healing muscle injury using conductive hydrogels and robot-assisted rehabilitation. The injectable tissue prosthesis enhances gait in rodent models without nerve stimulation, while improving long-term muscle tissue regeneration.
The MIT team designed a train-like system of reactors that harnesses the sun's heat to produce clean hydrogen fuel with up to 40% efficiency. This could drive down costs and make solar thermochemical hydrogen (STCH) a scalable option for decarbonizing transportation.
A research team at UNIST has developed a groundbreaking stretchable high-resolution multicolor synesthesia display that generates synchronized sound and light. This technology shatters preconceived boundaries in multifunctional displays, offering unparalleled optical performance and precise sound pressure levels.
Researchers at Colorado State University have developed three morphing robotic schemes that can change shape on demand, mimicking nature's adaptability. The robots can sense their surroundings, adjust their shape to grasp or navigate obstacles, and potentially aid humans in disaster areas.
A new biomimetic chip has been developed to simulate the human gastric mucosa, combining organoid and organ-on-a-chip technologies. The biochip replicates mechanical stimulation and cell-to-cell interactions, mimicking key features of the human stomach's defense mechanisms.
Researchers aim to access ocean waters hidden beneath ice shelves, where critical information about climate change is stored. An intelligent mothership and coordinated marine robots will communicate data from under-ice cavities, optimizing sampling and configuration.
The novel liquid filter efficiently absorbs UV light and infrared radiation, increasing the energy harvesting potential of de-coupled photovoltaic-thermal systems. The proposed system has been shown to improve conversion efficiency and reduce operating temperatures, making it economically beneficial.
Researchers developed a groundbreaking soft valve technology that integrates sensors and control valves into soft robots, eliminating the need for electric components. This innovation enables safe operation underwater or in environments with sparks risks, reducing weight burdens and costs.
The Beckman Institute has received a $3.6 million NSF grant to acquire an automated system for designing and analyzing polymers. The system will accelerate the discovery of useful materials, especially in combination with artificial intelligence.
A new Naval Research Laboratory-funded project led by UCF researcher Kareem Ahmed aims to create a morphing hypersonic engine that can optimize performance and travel distance. The $450,000 grant will develop an adaptable engine configuration that can self-optimize its surfaces for maximum performance power, thrust, and travel distance.
Researchers propose integrated metasurfaces that can be combined with standard optical components like LEDs and LCDs for commercialization. Collaboration between industry and academia is crucial for developing innovative optical platforms.
The study provides a condensed overview of recent advances and challenges in atmospheric and pressurized PVSRs, highlighting potential for improving performance through geometrical parameter optimization and spectrally selective absorption. Standardized evaluation methods remain essential to unlock the full potential of PVSRs.
Researchers developed a deep-learning model to assess CXR images for probable COVID-19 severity. The model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.78 when predicting intensive care need within 24 hours.
Researchers develop adaptive fuzzy sliding mode controller to estimate unknown parameters and control nonlinear PAMs, showing improved tracking accuracy and adaptability compared to traditional methods.
A team at Sandia National Laboratories has created a new way of testing personal protective equipment (PPE) that is faster and more comprehensive. They developed two human models: one for the face and another for the entire head, allowing for more realistic testing of mask performance. The new method also includes automated donning and...
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have developed a system that uses fluid mechanics and chemo-mechanical processes to autonomously assemble hierarchical 3D structures. The system utilizes sticky bonds to drive self-organization, allowing for the construction of complex devices with minimal external intervention.
A new sensor developed by Queen Mary University of London enhances robots' sense of touch, allowing them to accurately measure interaction forces and geometry. This breakthrough could pave the way for more advanced and reliable robotics in the future, enabling better handling and manipulation of objects.
A University of Central Florida engineer is leading a $3.3 million ARPA-E funded project to develop simulation software for floating offshore wind turbines. The goal is to improve turbine design and increase their use as a renewable energy source. The software will be licensed or commercialized and can be hosted on a university web page.
An Aston University researcher has overturned a fundamental principle in construction by showing that a hanging chain and an arch are incompatible mechanical systems. This finding highlights the limitations of traditional analogies used to design and assess curved structures.
The Lehigh University Industrial Assessment Center will conduct energy audits for manufacturing plants in the mid-Atlantic region, providing real-world training for students and professionals. The center aims to reduce industrial emissions and improve manufacturing competitiveness while enhancing workforce development in disadvantaged ...
A research team from Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology has developed an image-based AI model to predict the deformation of a splashing drop. The trained encoder-decoder successfully generated image sequences that show the deformation of a drop during impact, demonstrating accurate predictions.
Researchers developed a technology to prevent algae buildup on photobioreactor surfaces, allowing for more efficient CO2 capture. The system uses electrostatic repulsion created by coating the container with an electrically charged material and applying a small voltage.
Scientists from NTU Singapore have developed a sustainable cooling method for servers in data centers, reducing energy consumption and CO2 emissions by up to 26%. The new spray cooling system can handle high computing power servers in smaller spaces, leading to significant space savings and energy efficiency.
Researchers have developed a new simulation method to study polarons in 2D materials, which could lead to breakthroughs in OLED TVs and hydrogen fuel production. The study uses quantum mechanical theory and computation to determine the fundamental properties of polarons in 2D materials.
Researchers developed a new approach to suturing based on the mechanics and spacing of a hitchhiker plant's attachment system, promising to balance forces across sutures and reduce failure rates in surgical procedures. The findings were published in Proceedings of the Royal Society A.
A new process combining human evaluation and AI optimization produces better designs than fully automated systems or manual approaches. The 'Human-Informed Topology Optimization' method reduces material usage while maintaining strength, and can be applied to various scales and applications.
A team of researchers at Tohoku University has developed an artificial intelligence-driven contact control system to minimize friction between moving parts in machinery, aiming to reduce wear and tear and extend lifespan.
A POSTECH research team has developed a deep-learning approach to enhance resolution and speed in photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) imaging. The technique enables high-resolution, real-time whole-body imaging of animals and monitors tissue movement in the heart, kidney, and brain.
Researchers at HKU Engineering have developed a new type of continuous Marangoni transport system that generates highly ordered Fermat's spiral patterns. The system utilizes an aqueous two-phase system, inspiring potential biological applications and novel methods for fibre fabrication.
Researchers create 'Lego-like' BIND interface to assemble stretchable devices with excellent mechanical and electrical performance. The interface allows for easy connection of modules, enabling the development of highly functional wearable devices or soft robots.
Researchers developed a one-dimensional suspended high-contrast grating structure to enable directional lasing with high energy efficiency. The device can adjust the emission angle over a wide range, from -40° to +40°, making it suitable for solid-state LiDAR applications.
A pilot study conducted at Brigham and Women's Hospital found that a low-cost computer vision system was feasible and well-received by employees. The system accurately detected mask adherence 100% of the time, with most participants experiencing a positive interaction.
A University of Houston researcher has developed a method to describe complex systems using the least number of variables possible, reducing complexity from millions to just one. This advancement speeds up science with efficiency and ability to understand and predict natural system behavior.
Scientists have successfully demonstrated light-induced locomotion in a nonliquid environment using antimony telluride plates. The new type of motion, driven by thermal effects, enables efficient actuation in vacuum systems, opening up possibilities for mobile photonic modulation and multimode micro robots.
Researchers developed a compact robotic finger with adjustable stiffness to withstand physical impacts and mimic human finger dexterity. The finger mechanism is based on gear transmission and mechanically passive compliance, providing an advantage in terms of reliability, ease of manufacture, and maintenance.
Researchers developed algorithms that can predict volleyball players' actions with over 80% accuracy, combining visual data with hidden variables. The algorithms also showed promise in predicting multiple actions across sequences of up to 44 frames.
The study focuses on improving the tribological performance of bearing surfaces by adjusting surface roughness and texture. Evenly-distributed micro patterns are found to be more suitable for artificial joints, reducing friction and wear particles.
Researchers have developed new stable quantum batteries that can reliably store energy into electromagnetic fields. The micromaser system allows for efficient charging with protection against overcharging and preserves the stored energy's purity.
Bhattacharya's project uses topological abstraction to reduce complexity in robotic systems, enabling more efficient and accurate motion planning. The approach has potential applications in industries such as transportation, manufacturing, and healthcare.
Brazilian researchers used computer simulations to investigate the superconducting behavior of a dimolybdenum nitride monolayer, finding that it became superconductive at relatively high temperatures and showed strong correlation with strain applied.
A new 'optofluidic' system designed at the University of Toronto Engineering can enable buildings to save energy by dynamically changing the appearance of their exteriors. The system uses carefully controlled fluid injections to create a dynamic shading system, reducing the need for heating, cooling and lighting systems.
A team of scientists from Tokyo Metropolitan University created unprecedentedly lightweight optics for X-ray space telescopes by employing Micro Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) technology. By refining the patterning and annealing process, they achieved ultra-sharp features that rival existing telescopes in performance while significan...
Researchers developed a new method using magneto-active polymers to study cellular behavior and replicate complex biological processes. The system allows for real-time control of mechanical forces on cells, enabling the analysis of mechanisms behind traumatic injuries and tissue damage.
A new optimization tool can quickly improve performance of various autonomous systems, including walking robots and self-driving vehicles. The tool uses automatic differentiation to identify tweaks that achieve desired outcomes, reducing trial-and-error simulations.
New research develops a low-index BaF2 thin film-based microspectrometer technology for LWIR spectral sensing. The study demonstrates the use of flat and stress-free free-standing distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) for high-performance wavelength discrimination in the long-wave infrared region.
A research team found that the coupling relationship between thermal control and material removal affects machining accuracy and energy efficiency. The study aims to improve energy-efficient and precision machining collaboratively.
Researchers at ETH Zurich successfully demonstrated a protocol for gentle, controlled measurement of mechanical quantum states in hybrid qubit-resonator devices. This breakthrough enables applications such as quantum error correction and more, paving the way for advanced technological innovations.
Researchers have developed a key experimental device for future quantum physics-based technologies by coupling nanomechanical oscillators with qubits. This enables the manipulation of quantum states in mechanical oscillators, generating quantum mechanical effects that could empower advanced computing and precise sensing systems. The de...
A novel solution uses ultrasonic technology to detect critical form of lubrication between a railway wheel and the track, reducing maintenance costs and improving safety. The automated vehicle-mounted system will communicate presence and absence of lubrication to Network Rail.
Researchers at NYU Tandon School of Engineering propose a paradigm to solve the problem of inferring collective size from individual behaviors. By observing self-propelled Vicsek particles, they show that the time rate of growth of mean square heading is sufficient to predict the number of particles under particular parameters.
Researchers at University of Innsbruck and ETH Zurich propose a new concept for a high-precision quantum sensor using microcavities and levitated nanoparticles. By exploiting fast unstable dynamics, they demonstrate mechanical squeezing reducing motional fluctuations below zero-point motion.
A team of researchers has developed a MEMS scanning lidar that can detect objects reliably even in shaky environments. The long-range MEMS lidar prototype uses a digital controller to suppress errors caused by vibrations, allowing for stable 3D imaging and object detection.
The study focuses on the Al-Cu-Mg-Ag system used for aircraft structures, revealing patterns that enhance the alloy's heat resistance and strength. The findings will help extend the lifetime of aircraft parts made from these materials, improving overall efficiency and performance.
A team of scientists developed a soft haptic sensor that can accurately estimate contact points and forces using computer vision and deep neural networks. The sensor is sensitive enough to detect even tiny forces and detailed object shapes.
In a recent study, Dalla Torre and his team ran a collaborative mathematical game on different technologies to evaluate the systems' ability to demonstrate quantum mechanical properties. The Quantinuum System Model H1-1 outperformed classical results by returning correct answers 97% of the time.
A team of researchers from Shibaura Institute of Technology has developed a transducer powered by electrochemical reactions to drive fluid pumps without cumbersome parts in soft robots. The ECDT enables self-sensing technology, enhancing the multifunctionality of soft robots and allowing for miniaturization.
Cornell researchers have successfully trained various physical systems, including mechanical, optical, and electrical systems, to perform machine learning tasks. The developed training algorithm enables diverse systems to be chained together for efficient processing.
A team of researchers at MIT has identified and modeled a major reason for poor performance in electrochemical carbon dioxide conversion systems, which is caused by a local depletion of CO2 gas near the electrodes. By pulsing the current off and on, they can replenish the gas levels, allowing the process to continue efficiently.
Researchers at Durham University have developed a sugar-containing polymer coating that can repair damaged artificial joint implants by mimicking the way cartilage works to lubricate human joints. The coating uses water to create a slippery surface, protecting the surfaces from wear and tear.