Articles tagged with Nanotechnology
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Dr. Charles Roques-Carmes has been recognized for his groundbreaking research in nanophotonics, advancing areas such as metalenses and photonic machine learning. His work has led to transformative technologies and deepened fundamental understanding in the field of photonics.
Scientists have created a nanoscale 'cloud' metasurface capable of dynamically switching between white and grey states to enable daytime cooling, heating, and thermal camouflage. The system uses multiple scattering, absorption, and polarizonic reflection principles to modulate light and heat.
Researchers introduced hydrogen into high-quality Ge thin films, reducing hole density by three orders of magnitude. Low-temperature annealing repaired surface defects, further improving device performance and applicability.
A study reveals that ultra-small nanoparticles can induce abnormal protein conformation and have the potential to cause pathological conditions like Alzheimer's disease. The researchers used spectroscopy-based experiments to analyze the interactions between bovine serum albumin and silica nanoparticles.
A study reveals that metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can be toxic to mice, causing disruptions in blood cell formation and immune balance. The researchers found that the MOFs suppressed production of certain cells but also triggered a rebound effect, leading to increased inflammation.
Scientists from Institute of Science Tokyo create photo-switchable binding of DNA nanostructures that generate two distinct directional motions. The research paves the way for innovative fluid-based diagnostic chips and molecular computers.
Researchers developed key technologies for precise and high-speed bonding and adhesive technology to address demands of high-performance computing applications. They successfully integrated chips onto a 300 mm waffle wafer, achieving enhanced bonding speed without chip-detachment failures.
A team of researchers from Shibaura Institute of Technology, Japan, has developed a novel fluorinating quaternary ammonium complex with extremely low hygroscopicity, making it an excellent reagent for electrochemical fluorination. The new agent was synthesized by combining KF with tetrabutylammonium bromide and showed promise in pharma...
Scientists observe subtle structural distortions and interactions influencing exciton relaxation dynamics in individual CNTs. The study reveals a new understanding of the local nanoscale environment's role in shaping exciton behavior.
Researchers successfully produce artificial cells with model nuclei, allowing for protein synthesis and demonstrating potential applications in biotechnology. The development of these uniform artificial cells is a significant step towards creating artificial cells that can replace natural ones.
A new study reveals how nanoparticles can interfere with photosynthesis in plants, reducing their ability to convert sunlight into food. The research team found that nanoparticles undergo changes in pH and pick up lipid coatings from plant membranes, boosting their binding to RuBisCO and impairing its function.
Researchers have developed a new method to physically restore original paintings using digitally constructed films that can be removed if desired. The process uses a polymer film mask printed on a very thin film and aligned to an original painting, which takes around 3.5 hours from start to finish.
Researchers have developed glass-epoxy-based waveguides with low polarization-dependent loss and differential group delay, suitable for stable signal transmission in co-packaged optics. The waveguides demonstrated high power stability and reliability under six hours of continuous use.
Researchers developed self-propelled ferroptosis nanoinducers to enhance cancer therapy by inducing programmed cell death. The nanotherapeutics exhibited enhanced diffusion and deep tumor penetration while maintaining biocompatibility.
Researchers demonstrate a new strategy for magnetization reversal in multiferroic materials, allowing for more energy-efficient electronics. The study achieves this breakthrough by growing thin films in an unconventional crystallographic orientation, enabling the application of electric fields perpendicular to the film surface.
Dr. Natalie Artzi joins the Wyss Institute as Associate Institute Director, working closely with Don Ingber to shape strategic direction and advance research and translation efforts. She leads a world-class research program focused on developing tissue- and cell-responsive nanostructures for disease tracking and treatment.
Weizmann Institute researchers developed a nano-MRI device with a resolution of one nanometer, allowing for the imaging of individual molecules. This technology paves the way for high-resolution molecular imaging in materials and pharmaceutical industries.
Phytomedicine, including traditional Chinese medicine, demonstrates dual efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 and acute coronary syndromes. Various herbs and compounds have been found to inhibit viral replication, reduce inflammation, and improve cardiovascular function.
Triboelectric and piezoelectric nanogenerators convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, enhancing robotic autonomy and efficiency. The technology has the potential to reshape future robotic capabilities, particularly in industrial automation, healthcare, and smart home applications.
Researchers from MIT and SMART extended fresh-cut crops' shelf life by four days at room temperature and 10 days when refrigerated using melatonin-filled microneedles. This technology could reduce global food waste, providing an alternative to refrigeration for regions with limited infrastructure.
A team successfully observed hydrogen and deuterium molecules confined within a picocavity, revealing unprecedented detail about their vibrational modes. The study demonstrates a pronounced isotope-dependent effect, highlighting the potential for advanced molecular spectroscopy and nanoscale sensing.
Researchers have discovered that hydrogen boride nanosheets can inactivate a wide range of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi, without the need for light activation. The nanosheets' ability to denature microbial proteins through strong physicochemical interactions confirms their effectiveness in combating various microbi...
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory have developed nano-engineered thermoelectric refrigeration technology with controlled hierarchically engineered superlattice structures (CHESS) that is twice as efficient as traditional bulk materials. The CHESS technology offers a scalable alternative to traditional c...
Researchers have developed a material that can collect moisture from the air and release it onto surfaces without external energy input. The material works through capillary condensation, where water vapor condenses inside tiny pores at lower humidity levels, creating a feedback loop of water harvesting.
Scientists develop high-quality (Ga,Fe)Sb ferromagnetic semiconductor with a record-high Curie temperature of up to 530 K, exceeding previous limits and enabling stable operation at room temperature. The material exhibits excellent crystallinity and superior magnetic properties, making it suitable for spintronics applications.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University and the German Electron Synchrotron mapped the internal structure of blacktip sharks in unprecedented detail, discovering a microscopic 'sharkitecture' composed of densely packed collagen and bioapatite. This intricate structure gives cartilage surprising strength while allowing flexibility.
A portable and highly sensitive ethanol sensor has been developed using a copper-based metal–organic framework thin film, enabling precise optical measurements without complex lab equipment. The sensor can visually detect varying ethanol levels, even at low concentrations, and can be integrated with a smartphone app for easy use.
Researchers developed nano-precipitation-strengthened high-entropy alloys, achieving ultrahigh gigapascals yield strength and superb resistance to adiabatic shear failure. Nanoprecipitates act as dislocation barriers and energy-absorbing islands, dispersing strain energy through order-to-disorder transition.
Researchers successfully integrated femtosecond-pulse VSFG spectroscopy with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to detect VSFG signals from molecules in nanoscale gaps. Phase analysis revealed molecular orientation, and the technique's spatial confinement enabled detection of signals from a limited number of molecules.
The 4th Annual MPS World Summit brings together over 1,500 international experts to explore advancements in Microphysiological Systems (MPS) research. This event focuses on drug and chemical safety, disease modeling, and regulatory testing.
A new large-aperture MEMS grating modulator has been developed, offering significant advancements in optical efficiency and scalability for communication systems. The device supports high-speed modulation up to 250 kHz and achieves 90% optical efficiency.
MIT researchers have developed a way to produce large amounts of silk microneedles to deliver agrochemicals and nutrients to plants, showing promising results in treating chlorosis and adding vitamin B12 to tomato plants. The technology has the potential to serve as a new kind of plant interface for real-time health monitoring and biof...
Researchers create silk iron microparticles that can be guided using a magnet to deliver drugs and treatments precisely to sites in the body. The development has potential applications in regenerative medicine, cancer therapies, and cardiovascular disease treatment.
Iron-based magnetic nanomaterials have shown potential in drug delivery, magnetic hyperthermia, and iron deficiency treatment. They influence macrophage reprogramming through enzyme-like activities, modulating intracellular iron metabolism and regulating cell signaling pathways.
Professor Sun has been recognized for her transformative advancements in devices used for disease diagnosis, communication, and military safety. Her multidisciplinary research has secured over $8 million in external funding from premier organizations.
MIT engineers developed ultrathin electronic films that sense heat and other signals, reducing the bulk of conventional goggles and scopes. The new pyroelectric thin film is highly sensitive to heat and radiation across the far-infrared spectrum, enabling lighter, more portable night-vision eyewear.
Researchers use microfabrication techniques to create tiny tattoos on tardigrades, which can survive freezing temperatures and radiation exposure. The technique allows for the creation of biocompatible devices and sensors that could advance medicine and biomedical engineering.
Researchers at Brown University suggest that gold nanoparticles could one day be used to restore vision in people with macular degeneration and other retinal disorders. The nanoparticles, when injected into the retina, can stimulate the visual system and restore vision in mice with retinal disorders.
Researchers have developed a pioneering method that combines atomic force microscopy with artificial intelligence to detect changes in cancer cells at a small scale. This enables more accurate and reliable diagnoses, potentially leading to earlier detection and better treatment outcomes.
A new THz metasurface device can continuously manipulate polarization states on different output planes over a relatively long propagation distance. It achieves this by decomposing incident polarized THz waves into two orthogonal circularly polarized components, which then recombine to produce linearly polarized waves.
A novel AI framework, MULGONET, improves cancer recurrence prediction by integrating genomic, epigenetic and transcriptomic data. The model overcomes limitations of traditional machine learning models by automatically linking genes to biological processes, enabling trans-cancer applicability.
Researchers have developed a fabric-based wireless sensing network composed of a single fiber, enabling self-powered wireless sensing and energy generation. The system can monitor physiological signals, sweat levels, and perform gesture recognition, providing a potential solution for wearable technology.
Researchers at MIT have developed a method to mass manufacture nanoparticles that target cancer cells, eliminating the need for manual polymer mixing and streamlining production. This approach integrates good manufacturing practice (GMP)-compliant processes, making it suitable for large-scale production of cancer treatments.
A team of chemists from Virginia Tech found a way to visualize the intricate structure and chemical reactions of battery interfaces using an X-ray beam line. This breakthrough enables researchers to gain better control over these critical surfaces, potentially leading to cheaper, higher performance batteries.
The University of Turku researchers have developed a new method to create more accurate sensors for detecting subtle changes in the body, such as hormone fluctuations. By purifying and separating single-wall carbon nanotubes, they achieved precise control over their properties and identified their electrochemical characteristics.
Industry researchers and engineers can collaborate with WPI-NanoLSI experts to explore innovative applications of Bio-SPM technology. The advanced imaging capabilities offer the potential to capture nanometer-scale phenomena in motion.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University developed new formulas to calculate key quantum informative quantities, including entanglement entropy and mutual information. These simplified expressions offer fresh perspectives into quantum behaviors in materials with different physical characteristics.
Researchers used a special measurement technique called M4 resonant inelastic X-ray scattering to analyze the electronic structure and bonding properties of actinide atoms. They found that careful measurement enables a better understanding of actinide atoms' electronic structure and bonding properties.
Scientists have found a way to control electrons in molecules using tailored terahertz light pulses, potentially leading to advances in electronics, energy transfer, and chemical reactions. This new method allows for precise control of molecular states essential for processes like solar cells and LEDs.
Researchers explore 3D printing-based fabrication methods to overcome challenges in patterning, stability and oxidation issues. Ink modification strategies and auxiliary printing techniques refine fabrication, enabling precise patterning and complex interconnections.
The article reviews additive manufacturing technology for biomedical metals, enabling customized implants with precise internal structures. It highlights the integration of AI and 4D printing, addressing challenges in production costs, regulatory compliance, and post-processing.
A new photocatalytic chemical mechanical polishing (PCMP) slurry has been developed for Single Crystal Diamond (SCD) polishing, resulting in exceptionally smooth surfaces with minimal damage. The Material Removal Rate (MRR) peaks at 1168 nm·h−1, emphasizing the efficiency and effectiveness of this advanced polishing technique.
The study reveals that relaxor ferroelectrics like lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) exhibit improved performance when shrunk down to a precise range of 25-30 nanometers. This 'Goldilocks zone' size effect could enable advanced applications such as nanoelectromechanical systems and energy harvesting.
Naomi Halas' work has pioneered new insights into how light and matter interact at the smallest scales, leading to discoveries in biomedical applications such as cancer therapy and water purification. Her research on plasmonic catalysts could dramatically reduce energy required for chemical reactions.
Researchers developed a novel AAV-equipped nanomachine that successfully overcame gene therapy challenges in mice, including reduced efficiency due to neutralizing antibodies and hepatotoxicity. The nanomachine demonstrated sufficient gene transfer activity and suppressed liver toxicity markers.
A novel double aryne insertion strategy has simplified the production of complex thioxanthones, a type of organic compound with various industrial and medical applications. The new method enables efficient synthesis of diverse thioxanthone derivatives, including functional molecules and photocatalysts.
Researchers propose a new framework describing living matter as a double cascade spanning 18 orders of magnitude in space and time, with critical points marking the emergence of self-replicating machines and complex societies.
Researchers at Aalto University have developed a microscopic spectral sensor that can identify materials with unprecedented accuracy. The device achieves an extraordinary peak wavelength identification accuracy of ~0.2 nanometers, enabling it to distinguish thousands of colours.
Researchers use knowledge of molecular motors to enhance DNA-nanoparticle motors, reducing speed disparities. The engineered motor achieves speeds of 30 nm/s with improved processivity and run-length, comparable to natural motor proteins.
Researchers at TU Graz are developing a self-learning AI system to position individual molecules quickly and autonomously, enabling the construction of highly complex molecular structures. The goal is to build logic circuits in the nanometre range using quantum corrals made from complex-shaped molecules.