Articles tagged with Antibiotics
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Scientists have found a two-drug combination that inhibits the growth of susceptible laboratory strains and 13 XDR-TB strains, offering a new hope for treating this deadly form of tuberculosis. The drugs work together to target a bacterial enzyme, β-lactamase, which shields TB bacteria from antibiotics.
Researchers have developed new techniques to quickly identify bacterial infections and determine the best antibiotic treatment. A nanoparticle-based method can detect bacterial strains in hours, while scientists also uncovered genetic basis of morphological differences in anthrax letter material.
A Duke University-led team has developed a computer program that can redesign enzymes to produce natural antibiotics. The algorithm, called K*, sorts through possible shapes and changes of the key enzyme that produces gramicidin S, a natural antibiotic. This new technique may pave the way for more automated redesign of old drugs.
Researchers have found several compounds exhibiting strong antibiotic, antifungal, and antiviral properties, as well as anti-cancer and angiogenesis activities. These novel antibiotics demonstrate no cytotoxic responses to human cells, minimizing negative side effects associated with current drugs.
A large study found that early transition from intravenous to oral antibiotics in children with acute osteomyelitis is as effective as continued IV therapy. The study, conducted by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, showed a reduced risk of treatment failure and complications related to central venous catheters.
Researchers have developed a nanoemulsion that effectively kills a wide range of bacteria resistant to antibiotics, including those causing cystic fibrosis. The treatment uses ultra-fine oil-and-water emulsions that disrupt bacterial outer membranes, making resistance unlikely and offering a potential alternative to antibiotics.
Researchers at UBC discovered a mimic of nature's antibiotic that can protect surfaces from bacteria and fungi, potentially reducing medical problems like degeneration or rejection of implants. The synthetic peptides are active when attached to surfaces, killing harmful bacteria and fungus.
The lack of new antibiotics is exacerbating the antibiotic resistance crisis, with 'super bugs' becoming increasingly difficult to treat. The divide between research and development, and real-world application is hindering efforts to combat these life-threatening infections.
Resources for the Future launches Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership to explore incentives for slowing antibiotic resistance development and spread. The three-year initiative will build on the Extending the Cure project, focusing on five emerging economies with rapidly rising antibiotic use.
A new study suggests that a twist on old medical technology could save limbs by treating infections in soldiers with compound bone fractures. Colistin-laced bone cement may prevent the spread of deadly A. baumannii infections, which are widespread among US troops in Afghanistan.
Researchers have visualized the molecular structure of the LtaS enzyme, a key player in MRSA's growth and spread. The team hopes to develop a new antibiotic targeting this enzyme to combat the superbug.
Experts urge grocery stores to promote free flu vaccinations instead of free antibiotics during cold and flu season. A recent study shows that workers who received flu vaccine lost fewer days of work due to illness.
Researchers found that administering antibiotics as a preventive measure to patients in intensive care units increases their chances of survival, with a reduction of 3.5% in ICU deaths. The study involved nearly 6,000 patients and showed that using antibiotics resulted in fewer deaths compared to standard ICU care.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that bismuth compounds were associated with a low risk of adverse events, with the exception of dark stools, which has little clinical significance. The study suggests that bismuth-containing regimens may be a safe alternative to PPI-based triple therapies for H. pylori eradication.
A combination of prophylactic antibiotics, barrier isolation, and air quality control measures significantly reduces mortality risk in immunocompromised cancer patients. The intervention shows a 40% reduction in all-cause mortality at 30 days post-treatment, with improved survival only seen when antibiotic and anti-fungal prophylaxis a...
The Infectious Diseases Society of America warns that new drugs are desperately needed to treat six drug-resistant bacteria, including MRSA and gram-negative pathogens. The society outlines steps to tackle the shortage and urges cooperation among industry, academia, and government.
A year-long study found that long-term use of a macrolide antibiotic reduced COPD exacerbations by 35% in patients with moderate to severe disease. The treatment also decreased the severity and duration of exacerbations, but its benefits are offset by concerns about growing antibiotic resistance.
A study found that antibiotic treatment can cause pervasive and persistent changes to the human gut microbiota, affecting the balance of bacteria in the gut. The researchers identified over 3,300 different types of bacteria in the human distal gut and found that antibiotic treatment influenced the abundance of about a third of those taxa.
A new study finds that antibiotics like ciprofloxacin significantly affect the diversity and abundance of health-associated bacteria in the human gut. The study reveals that even after treatment is stopped, some strains of beneficial bacteria may take up to four weeks or longer to return to pre-treatment levels.
Researchers reveal a surprising mechanism of action for certain antibiotics, finding that they trigger the production of hydroxyl radicals, contributing to bacterial cell death. The study identifies potential new targets for antibiotic development and could help rejuvenate older antibiotics.
Researchers use advanced microscopy techniques to image the structure of peptidoglycan, a key component of bacterial cell walls. The study reveals that glycan strands wrap around the cell like a belt, allowing scientists to better understand how bacteria grow and respond to antibiotics.
The Lancet Infectious Diseases review highlights the growing concern of Acinetobacter baumannii infections, which can be caused by environmental exposure, skin colonization, or hospital-acquired conditions. Researchers emphasize the need for strict hygiene compliance and further research on antibiotic treatment options to prevent major...
Researchers from the University of Texas Medical School at Houston have discovered two new clones of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, MRSA and VREF, in Colombia. These super bugs are causing severe skin and soft tissue infections, with 20% mortality rate, and are resistant to common antibiotics.
Scientists at the University of Warwick have found a novel signalling molecule that could stimulate hundreds of new antibiotic pathways in up to 50% of Streptomyces bacteria. The discovery was made using NMR technology and genome mining, and has potential to unlock new antibiotics to combat growing bacterial resistance.
Phase III trials demonstrate iclaprim's effectiveness in treating complicated skin and skin structure infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, including MRSA. The antibiotic showed a high clinical cure rate similar to linezolid and was well-tolerated with a favorable safety profile.
Researchers have discovered the mechanism behind how a specific antibiotic, myxopyronin, kills bacteria. The study found that the antibiotic binds to RNA polymerase, interfering with its ability to use DNA to start gene expression, effectively creating a road block that halts bacterial growth.
Researchers from HZI and Rutgers University discover new mode of action against pathogenic bacteria, inhibiting RNA polymerase. The natural substances also kill bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics, making them promising candidates for development as novel medicines.
Researchers at Rutgers University have identified a new antibiotic target and mechanism that may lead to new treatments for tuberculosis. The study found that three antibiotics block the action of bacterial RNA polymerase, an enzyme essential for bacterial survival.
A Bayesian network model developed by Stefan Visscher distinguishes between patients with and without ventilator-associated pneumonia, predicting the probability of pneumonia, causative bacteria, and optimal antibiotics. The model uses electronic patient file data to enhance reliability and supports ICU physicians in making decisions.
Researchers at UT Southwestern found that adding corticosteroids to traditional antimicrobial therapy can help people with pneumonia recover faster and have less inflammation in their lungs. The study also suggests a potentially more effective therapy for asthma attacks triggered by bacterial pneumonia.
Researchers have developed ultra-sensitive probes to investigate vancomycin's working mechanisms, paving the way for more effective new drugs. By detecting surface stress on bacteria, scientists can identify the disruption of cell walls and potentially develop more powerful antibiotics.
A significant proportion of people with no recent exposure to antibiotics developed community-acquired C. difficile infection, suggesting other risk factors may be at play. Researchers recommend considering C. difficile testing in community patients with diarrhea without a history of antibiotic use.
A new study by Dr. Sandra Dial challenges the long-held assumption that antibiotic use is always a precursor to C. difficile infections. Researchers found that approximately 53% of community-acquired C. difficile infections were not related to antibiotic use, highlighting the need for further investigation into other risk factors.
Research found that low levels of disinfectants can make Staphylococcus aureus remove toxic chemicals from the cell more efficiently, potentially making it resistant to antibiotics. This increase in efflux pumps may lead to the emergence of resistant bacteria, threatening patients with infections.
Researchers found adult beetles store beneficial fungus and bacterium in specialized compartment to aid survival. This symbiotic relationship inhibits competitor fungus growth while promoting nutrition for developing larvae.
Researchers at UVA Health System develop novel approach to create less resistant and more effective antibiotics by targeting integral membrane enzyme DsbB. The breakthrough uses nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to understand protein structure and function.
Researchers have developed a way to produce an antimalarial compound cheaply, which could make treating malaria less expensive. This process could also lead to the discovery of new antibiotics as bacteria are harnessed to produce compounds with antibiotic properties.
A new study has found that antibiotics given to pregnant women experiencing premature labor with intact membranes increased the risk of functional impairment and cerebral palsy in their children. The ORACLE Children's Study analyzed data from over 3,200 children born to mothers who received antibiotics or a placebo.
Despite medical progress, infective endocarditis death rates are rising again, driven by antibiotic-resistant bacteria and degenerative heart valve disease. Early surgery can save lives but requires expert care and precise timing.
Researchers at the University of Notre Dame have made significant discoveries about bacterial cell wall recycling. The study reveals that a specific enzyme, M1tB, plays a crucial role in breaking down the cell wall, leading to pro-inflammatory events associated with bacterial infections.
Scientists have discovered that milk may help prevent Staphylococcus bacteria from being killed by low concentrations of antibiotics. This could lead to a better control of mastitis, reduce disease costs, and lower the risk of antibiotic-resistant bacteria spreading.
UVA researchers have developed a method to reduce MRSA infections by rotating antibiotics every three months, resulting in a significant decrease in infection rates from 1.9 to 1.4 patients per 100 admissions. In-hospital mortality from surgical ICU-acquired MRSA infections also fell to zero.
A new study by UT Southwestern researchers found that conservative treatment can effectively manage 'superbug' breast infections in nursing mothers. The study revealed that community-associated MRSA was more common among women with both mastitis and abscesses, but not all cases required antibiotics against MRSA.
A recent study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases reveals that adverse reactions to antibiotics cause an estimated 142,000 emergency department visits per year in the United States. The majority of these reactions are allergic, with over 80% being related to penicillins and other antibiotics.
Emory University researchers have discovered that fluoroquinolone antibiotics can enhance the effectiveness of RNA interference, a gene-silencing technique, in laboratory settings. The most powerful enhancer was enoxacin, which has been used to treat bacterial infections.
A Johns Hopkins study found that giving children preventive antibiotics within one hour of spinal surgery significantly reduces the risk of serious infections. The study, published in Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, suggests that timely prophylaxis is crucial in preventing complications and reducing hospital stays.
Researchers have developed molecules that can mimic Yersinia pestis, a type of plague bacteria, to stimulate the innate immune response and protect against pneumonic plague. These synthetic modified lipid A compounds have been shown to be effective in treating infected animals, with up to 93% survival rate.
The American College of Physicians emphasizes the benefits of tight glucose control remain uncertain for patients aged 60-80 with Type 2 diabetes. Meanwhile, USPSTF strongly reaffirms screening recommendations for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women to reduce urinary tract infections and low birthweight babies.
Children with acute osteomyelitis are developing more severe MRSA infections, resulting in longer hospital stays and antibiotic therapy. Researchers found that MRSA infections were associated with higher rates of bone abscesses, muscle inflammation, and the need for surgical drainage.
A study by Ohio State University found that pigs raised outdoors without antibiotics carried higher rates of Salmonella and parasitic disease than conventionally raised pigs. This poses a risk to human health if pork is not cooked thoroughly, according to federal guidelines.
Researchers discovered that TB bacteria can form biofilms on surfaces, leading to genetic and physiological differences from lab-grown strains. This finding suggests a possible cause of TB relapses despite intensive treatment.
Researchers found that a single dose of antibiotics can prevent most infections and wound-healing complications two weeks after surgical repair of severe vaginal tears. This study is the first to show that antibiotic treatment can aid healing of these tears, which are common during childbirth.
A new vaccine targeting more common pneumococcal strains is on the horizon to replace PCV7, which has seen a rise in non-vaccine strain IPD rates by 40%. The vaccine's effectiveness against resistant bacteria is currently being tested.
A recent study highlights the importance of understanding C. difficile's toxins and virulence factors, which can cause severe hospital-acquired infections. The research also explores the bacteria's transmission, symptoms, and treatment options, including the development of a potential 'designer' probiotic.
Researchers have elucidated the structure and function of an enzyme decorating antibiotics with sugar molecules, which can help overcome antibiotic resistance. By understanding how these sugars are made, they aim to develop unnatural sugars with different properties.
Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis has increased the risk of Clostridium difficile infection by 21 times, with severe consequences for patients. Researchers suggest minimizing antibiotic duration to reduce risks and benefits.
A new study found that swimming pools in remote Aboriginal communities significantly reduced skin, ear, and chest infections. Infections were more than halved in both Jigalong and Mugarinya communities. The pools also provided social hubs and employment opportunities while reducing clinic visits and antibiotic prescriptions.
A study found that doripenem treatment reduced hospital length of stay and time on mechanical ventilation for patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Clinical cure rates were similar to those treated with imipenem-cilastatin.
A study found that a 10-day triple therapy regimen was more effective in eradicating H. pylori and reducing gastric inflammation than a 7-day regimen. However, non-compliance was higher in the 10-day group, highlighting the need for cost-benefit analysis in treatment decisions.
The ASGE has updated its infection control guidelines to emphasize the importance of rigorous endoscope reprocessing and adherence to general infection control principles. These guidelines aim to reduce the risk of patient-to-patient transmission of microorganisms during GI endoscopy procedures.