Articles tagged with Hiv Vaccines
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A recent study published in The Lancet found that the MRKAd5 HIV-1 gag/pol/nef vaccine failed to provide any protection against HIV infection. However, immune responses mounted by T-cell-based vaccines alone may not be sufficient to protect against HIV infection or disease.
A landmark clinical trial of an HIV vaccine candidate found no protection against infection, despite generating a strong immune response. The study, sponsored by Merck & Co., Inc. and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, analyzed the effects of the vaccine on study participants' immune responses and viral load.
A new study reveals how an HIV vaccine may have enhanced infection rates by tethering the vaccine to immune cells, facilitating entry and activation of T cells. This raises concerns about the effectiveness of the vaccine in preventing HIV infection.
A new TB vaccine, rBCG(mbtB)30, shows promise in preclinical trials, providing better protection and safety for HIV-positive individuals. The innovative design limits the vaccine's replication, reducing the risk of severe disease and death, a significant improvement over the current BCG vaccine.
Researchers identify key areas of focus, including broadly neutralizing antibodies and innate immune responses, to develop an effective HIV vaccine. The authors express cautious optimism about the potential development of a vaccine, citing the need for significant scientific understanding of HIV disease.
Researchers found no correlation between traditional and standardized assays, highlighting the need for a physiologically relevant platform. Clade C antibodies showed broad cross-reactivity, neutralizing multiple viruses in both formats.
NIAID is reshaping its research enterprise to broaden HIV vaccine discovery activities, with a focus on laboratory, non-human primate, and clinical researchers. The Institute plans to develop new initiatives to support individual investigator-initiated grants in HIV vaccine discovery and other tactics to interrupt HIV transmission.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has decided not to conduct the PAVE 100 HIV vaccine trial, but will consider a smaller study to determine if the VRC vaccine regimen significantly lowers viral load. The decision comes after analyzing the STEP HIV vaccine study results, which found increased numbers of HIV infec...
The NIAID Vaccine Discovery Branch aims to remove fundamental obstacles to achieving a safe and effective HIV vaccine by focusing on the development and sharing of new knowledge. The branch will monitor scientific developments, identify gaps in knowledge, and promote research collaborations.
The new GSID HIV Data Browser provides a wealth of data collected during clinical trials of an AIDS vaccine, offering researchers a unique opportunity to study how the virus evolves and causes new infections. The browser links to preserved specimens and clinical information, allowing investigators to study the evolution of the virus an...
A unique HIV vaccine formulation has been shown to induce strong and balanced immune responses in healthy human volunteers. The combination approach used in the study achieved high titer antibodies that recognized a diverse group of HIV envelope proteins, providing promising results for future efforts to optimize HIV vaccine formulations.
The NIAID research program aims to uncover mechanisms to enable scientists to outwit HIV and stimulate the production of long-lasting antibodies that can neutralize many strains of the virus. By understanding how B cells recognize antigens and producing broad-spectrum antibodies, researchers hope to develop a preventive HIV vaccine.
Researchers at UMass Chan Medical School, led by Shan Lu and Katherine Ruiz De Luzuriaga, have received a $1 million grant to develop a pediatric HIV vaccine. The team will study regulatory T cells in infants, breast milk antibodies, and the impact of feeding on infant susceptibility to HIV infection.
Scientists at The Wistar Institute have developed a novel vaccine design strategy that uses a herpes simplex protein to block a specific receptor molecule on antigen-presenting cells. This allows for a stronger immune response and potential protection against viral diseases like AIDS and cervical cancer.
A study in rural South Africa found that young people in school reported fewer sexual partners and engaged in protective behaviors, leading to lower HIV infection rates. The researchers suggest that increased access to education can play a critical role in HIV prevention.
Researchers discovered that a specific region of the HIV-1 envelope protein is embedded in the viral membrane, making it difficult to target with antibodies. However, a new approach using antibodies targeting this region could lead to the development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have discovered that an immune system gene can enhance a vaccine used to study HIV in macaque monkeys, providing greater protection against simian HIV. The study found that the addition of Interleukin-15 boosts the effects of a vaccine derived from the DNA of simian HIV.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute have discovered that an HIV vaccine construct incorporating the adeno-associated virus (AAV) directly impairs the immune response to the HIV virus. The study's findings suggest that AAV vaccines against HIV may cause more harm than good, and their use in humans should be reconsidered.
The STEP study, sponsored by Merck & Co., Inc. and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, has discontinued vaccinations due to lack of efficacy. Volunteers will now be informed about receiving either the vaccine or placebo and continue to participate in ongoing risk reduction counseling and study-related tests.
The new analyses revealed that the vaccine showed no measurable efficacy, and among individuals with background immunity to the adenovirus vector, there were more HIV infections in the vaccinees as compared to those in the placebo group. The STEP data will continue to be analyzed to better understand these results.
Dr. Michael Bruce Zwick is honored by the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) for his groundbreaking work in developing an HIV vaccine. He has published numerous papers and received several prestigious awards, including the ICAAC Young Investigator Awards.
The Wistar Institute's novel HIV vaccine has received funding for human clinical trials after demonstrating a vigorous immune response in preclinical studies. The vaccine uses a chimpanzee virus backbone and aims to stimulate CD8+ T cells, which can reduce viral load but not prevent infection.
Leading researchers from IAVI, CDC and USMHRP presented final results of independent studies reexamining medical criteria for African volunteers in AIDS vaccine trials. The findings suggest that many healthy Africans have been excluded due to laboratory reference ranges developed for Western populations.
Clinical trials are underway for a new TB vaccine developed by Dr Helen McShane, which could lead to significant improvements in TB control and treatment. The vaccine has shown promising results in boosting the immune response against TB and has the potential to prevent severe forms of the disease.
Two new studies emphasize the importance of delivering measles and influenza vaccines to HIV-infected individuals. Measles vaccine administered at age 9 months showed limited protection in HIV-infected children, highlighting the need for supplementary vaccinations to maintain immunity. In contrast, rates of influenza vaccination among ...
New research from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health finds that only half of HIV-infected children maintained protective antibody levels 27 months after receiving measles vaccine. Repeat vaccinations are crucial to prevent measles outbreaks in regions with high HIV prevalence.
A study from the University of Alberta found that administering HBV vaccine intradermally to HIV-infected individuals who failed to respond initially shows promise, with 50% producing protective levels of anti-HBs. However, this approach is not recommended due to limited success rates.
HIV's uniformly fatal outcome and absence of natural immunity pose significant hurdles for vaccine design. The authors call for increased funding for research and clinical trials to address these challenges and accelerate progress in finding an effective AIDS vaccine.
Researchers at USU have developed a new HIV vaccine that induces broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies, capable of neutralizing all 48 tested strains. The study provides encouraging results for vaccine development, showing the feasibility of eliciting cross-reactive antibodies against multiple viral strains.
Scientists at NIAID are exploring vaccines that reduce HIV levels, delay disease progression and prevent transmission. Early research suggests T-cell vaccines may have benefits, but questions remain about their effectiveness and potential side effects.
Researchers developed an efficient algorithm to create vaccines that can combat the genetic diversity of HIV-1. The algorithm captures immunogens for both the Nef and Gag proteins, reflecting high-frequency viral strains and their mutations.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University found that a weakened rabies virus can ferry HIV-related proteins into animals, vaccinating them against an AIDS-like disease. After two years of challenge with SIV/HIV viruses, vaccinated non-human primates showed protection from disease and high CD4 cell counts.
The Emory Global Health Institute is collaborating with the International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology in India to combat the deadly HIV/TB co-infection. The partnership aims to develop a therapeutic vaccine for individuals already infected, addressing a major public health concern.
Researchers have generated an atomic-level picture of a stable HIV surface protein component that appears vulnerable to attack from the b12 antibody. This finding could help develop an HIV vaccine capable of eliciting a robust antibody response.
The Phambili trial aims to determine the efficacy of a candidate HIV vaccine and its potential to protect against clade C subtype prevalent in South Africa. The study will enroll healthy HIV-negative men and women aged 18-35 years old.
A study published in Nature Medicine found that targeting specific HIV proteins can lead to effective control of the virus. Researchers suggest that a more targeted vaccine approach may be necessary.
The Rockefeller Foundation has denied rumours of abandoning its public health commitments, with President Judith Rodin assuring the global health community of continued support. The foundation's long-standing funding has contributed significantly to the development of vaccines and public health education initiatives.
Researchers at The Miriam Hospital are developing a new vaccination delivery strategy for teens, aiming to prevent Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and other sexually transmitted diseases. The Boston Celtics Shamrock Foundation has provided $25,000 in funding to explore effective vaccine distribution methods among high-risk adolescents.
Scientists have begun a clinical safety trial in Africa to test the first vaccine to prevent HIV transmission from mothers to children through breastfeeding. The ALVAC-HIV vaccine, which has shown promise in monkeys and adult studies, aims to develop immunity in infants, preventing up to 8,000 infections per year in Uganda's children.
The article highlights the importance of reliable estimates of global demand for an HIV vaccine in achieving various policy objectives. These objectives include convincing governments and industry to invest more in research and product development, guiding government planning of HIV vaccination programs.
A Swedish HIV vaccine trial has shown that over 90% of subjects developed an immune response to HIV after receiving the vaccine, demonstrating a high level of protection against the virus. The study's results are promising and could lead to further clinical trials in Africa.
The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative proposes new scientific and policy initiatives to accelerate AIDS vaccine development, fostering capacity building in developing countries. The Blueprint highlights the need for a dynamic global research and development program with clear spending targets and equitable financial burden-sharing.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have made significant progress in understanding the efficacy of an AIDS vaccine. The study found that vaccines can control HIV infection for approximately 100 days, followed by nearly three years, with vaccinated monkeys living significantly longer than unvaccinated ones.
Researchers found that monkeys vaccinated against simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) survived longer after infection compared to unvaccinated animals. The vaccine regimen preserved memory CD4+ T cells, enabling the animals to live healthier lives.
Researchers from University of North Carolina Health Care and N.C. State University develop a vaccine that protects animals from chancroid, a sexually transmitted disease that can enhance HIV transmission. The study suggests that a chancroid vaccine could be relatively easy to develop and may help reduce HIV transmission in Africa.
A new international study led by Dr. Myron S. Cohen at the University of North Carolina Health Care is investigating the early biology of HIV infection to develop an effective vaccine. The study, known as CHAVI-001, aims to identify people with HIV in its earliest stages and track their health to determine the transmission pairs.
Researchers identify matrix protein as critical component in VSV's ability to invade cells and replicate, leading to potential vaccine development and anti-viral agents. The discovery also provides insights into how viruses shut down cell protein-making capabilities.
Scientists have discovered a way to increase HIV-1 p24 protein production in plants using antibody-antigen fusion molecules, potentially leading to cheaper and more effective vaccines. This technology could also pave the way for mass-producing plant-derived pharmaceuticals for poor populations in developing countries.
A new HIV vaccine strategy involves removing the natural immune system's 'brake' to enhance anti-HIV responses, showing promise for improved treatment and prevention. The approach uses a molecule called SOCS1 to regulate immune cells and boost antibody and T-cell responses.
Researchers found that two doses of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) provided similar immunity to one dose of the live virus vaccine. However, IPV's mucosal immunity was less effective than OPV's. The study suggests that HPV-immunized communities are partially protected from poliovirus spread.
The experimental vaccine combines synthetically modified elements of four HIV genes found in subtypes A, B and C, representing about 85% of HIV infections worldwide. The trial aims to test the safety and ability of the vaccine to generate an immune response in healthy adults.
Robert Gallo emphasizes the need for a rational approach to HIV vaccine development, ignoring empirically driven methods and focusing on solid knowledge of HIV biology. He suggests leveraging the Gates's Foundation's Grand Challenge for Global Health to find practical solutions to scientific roadblocks.
Researchers have discovered an unexpected connection between the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and HIV, which may lead to the development of a new HIV vaccine. FIV, also known as feline AIDS, has been used in animal studies to model human AIDS, but this study found that a core protein from HIV also protects cats against FIV.
A telephone survey of over 3,500 US adults found conflicting attitudes towards HIV vaccine research. The survey revealed that some groups have misconceptions about vaccines and the importance of diverse participation in clinical trials.
A U of T study identified barriers to future HIV vaccine acceptance, including concerns about power dynamics, affordability, and stigma. Researchers found that women viewed vaccination as empowering and a way to protect themselves and their children.
CHAVI will focus on solving key questions about HIV interactions with the body and designing improved vaccines. The center will also evaluate promising candidates in small-scale clinical trials.
The NIAID-funded CHAVI center will focus on understanding early stages of HIV infection, developing new research tools, and designing improved HIV vaccines. The center aims to accelerate the development of a safe and effective preventive vaccine for HIV/AIDS through collaborative research.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have been selected to develop new vaccines targeting dendritic cells to stimulate stronger immune responses against various diseases. The project aims to create long-lasting protective immunity against HIV, malaria, and certain forms of cancer.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center discovered that HIV vaccines may have failed due to the induction of self-reactive antibodies, which can destroy the body's own tissues. The team proposes a new approach to develop HIV vaccines by redirecting the immune response from innate B cells to adaptive B cells.
A study led by Drs. Dennis R. Burton and Ian A. Wilson identified the specific amino acids on gp41 that 4E10 interacts with, revealing its unique ability to target a conserved region near the surface of the virus. This research advances the quest for an HIV-1 vaccine, providing valuable insights into broadly neutralizing antibodies.