Articles tagged with Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Researchers used perfusion MRI to track changes in blood volume in patients with low-grade gliomas, finding that increased rCBV is an indicator of future malignant transformation. The study suggests that significant changes in rCBV represent an early warning sign of impending malignant transformation.
A new study found that while MRI has a high false positive rate, it still detects genuine breast cancer cases effectively. However, the rate of false positives does not impact a woman's decision to undergo prophylactic mastectomy.
Researchers have shown that MRI can non-invasively characterize brain tumors and determine which are responsive to specific treatments based on their molecular properties. The study identified five distinct MRI features linked with particular gene expression patterns, including those associated with tumor proliferation and growth.
A new CT imaging technique has significantly improved the outcome of living donor liver transplants by enhancing accurate visualization of vital bile duct anatomy. This innovation, adopted by radiologists at the University of Alberta Hospital, aims to reduce screening time and improve convenience for potential donors.
The combined scanner uses a new technology to eliminate interference between MRI and PET systems, enabling simultaneous acquisition of structural and functional information. This innovation allows researchers to correlate tumor structure with functional information, providing deeper insights into cancer research.
A study of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients found that more severe injuries result in greater brain tissue loss, affecting both white and grey matter. The research provides a clue to the nature of brain damage causing disability after TBI.
The American Association of Physicists in Medicine celebrates its 50th anniversary, highlighting key contributions of medical physicists to medicine. Medical physicists have developed technologies such as MRI, CT scanning, and PET scanning, which have transformed imaging and cancer treatment.
Researchers used CT and MRI scans to detect bone erosions in RA wrists, finding that CT was more sensitive, but with limitations. The study validates the use of Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) scores for erosion assessment.
A super-sensitive mini-sensor developed at NIST can detect nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in tiny samples of fluids flowing through a novel microchip. This technology has wide application as a sensitive chemical analyzer for rapid screening to find new drugs.
Researchers have developed a new imaging method that uses glycosaminoglycan concentrations to diagnose osteoarthritis in its early stages. This non-invasive technique has the potential to monitor diseases like inter-vertebral disc degeneration and heart valve defects.
Researchers at the University of Arizona have created updatable three-dimensional holographic displays that can be erased and rewritten in a matter of minutes. These devices have potential applications in medicine, industry, and military fields, such as tracking progress during surgeries or showing hazards to pilots.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab and UC Berkeley develop a technique using parahydrogen-polarized gas to visualize active catalysts in microfluidic devices. The method enables direct visualization of gas-phase flow in microscale catalysis, broadening the impact of MRI technology.
Recent studies have shown that magnetic resonance elastography and other imaging strategies can detect hepatic fibrosis with high sensitivity and specificity. Non-invasive techniques like MRI could replace liver biopsy, which is currently the best way to assess fibrosis but carries serious side effects.
In a study of 79 women with breast cancer, breast MRI revealed important diagnostic information altering treatment plans in 20 percent of cases. The imaging modality detected additional cancers, discovered cancer in the opposite breast, or determined tumors were larger than expected.
The University of Illinois Chicago's 9.4 Tesla MRI successfully completed safety trials, allowing for the visualization of biological processes in the human brain. This technology has the potential to tailor radiation therapy based on a brain tumor's real-time response to treatment.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have developed a new imaging technology called magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) that can provide images of affected muscles with greater clarity than traditional MRI. This technology measures tissue elasticity and can detect abnormal hardening of tissues, which is a hallmark of myofascial pain syndrome.
Researchers have identified lung injury in nonsmokers exposed to secondhand cigarette smoke using a special type of magnetic resonance imaging. The study found structural changes in the lungs similar to those found in smokers, suggesting early signs of emphysema or chronic bronchitis.
A novel MRI technique has identified structural damage to the lungs caused by secondhand cigarette smoke. The study found that breathing secondhand smoke can injure your lungs, with 57% of smokers showing early lung damage.
A study by researchers at University Hospitals of Cleveland and Johns Hopkins University found that intraoperative MRI can help detect residual disease and modify surgical plans, leading to additional resections in 73% of cases. The added imaging time was approximately 35 minutes per case.
A team of mathematicians has discovered a way to generate an electromagnetic wormhole using invisibility cloaking technology, allowing for objects to be transported through a tunnel in space. The technology could have potential applications in fields such as endoscopic surgeries and 3D television displays.
A large group of MS patients with a family history showed more severe brain damage, including more lesions and gray matter damage, compared to those without a family history. This study suggests that genetic factors play a role in disease severity.
The US Department of Homeland Security has developed a new screening prototype that uses ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging to detect liquids in baggage and on airline passengers. The SENSIT technology can differentiate between harmful items and common carry-on liquid consumables with high accuracy.
A Rice University research team has found that damage to the ventrolateral nucleus (VL) of the thalamus can lead to cross-wiring in the brain, resulting in synesthesia. The study, led by Tony Ro, used neuroimaging and behavioral studies on a patient with a rare stroke to demonstrate the VL's role in sensory processing.
A study using MR spectroscopy with MRI has successfully identified breast cancers in non-mass enhancing lesions without invasive biopsies. By measuring choline compounds, MR spectroscopy provides specific and sensitive results, reducing the need for unnecessary biopsies.
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease will be examined in a five-year project testing healthy adults aged 18-75. The study aims to identify markers sensitive to APOE, potentially leading to earlier detection and prevention of the disease.
A study published in Annals of Neurology found that the ventrolateral nucleus, a deep brain area, is involved in sensory processing. Researchers used behavioral and neuroimaging studies to investigate a patient who experienced changes in sensory perception after a stroke affecting only this region.
Researchers at Durham University have created a chemical compound containing fluorine that can be used in a 'chemically-sensitive MRI scan' to identify disease progression without biopsies. The compound reacts differently according to body acidity levels, highlighting tumors on the resulting scan.
A newly developed DNA vaccine against multiple sclerosis appears safe and may produce beneficial changes in the brains and immune systems of individuals with MS. The vaccine showed a reduction in cytokine-producing cells targeting myelin proteins, as well as a trend toward a decrease in contrast-enhancing lesions on brain MRI.
Researchers at the University of Bonn found that MRI is substantially more accurate than mammography in detecting very early stages of breast cancer, including preinvasive DCIS. The study detected 167 cases of early breast cancer, with MRI identifying 152 cases and mammography detecting only 93 cases.
A study found that MRI outperformed mammography in detecting breast cancer in its earliest stage. Women diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) using MRI had a higher sensitivity than those detected by mammography.
A multicenter study compared screening methods in high-risk women, finding that MRI accurately identifies tumors missed by mammography and ultrasound. The study suggests that women at high risk for breast cancer can benefit from undergoing screening MRI to detect more cancers.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have developed a new technique to track and protect transplanted insulin-producing cells in a diabetic animal model. The method uses magnetic capsules to encapsulate the cells, avoiding immune rejection and allowing for successful long-term function.
Researchers have developed a genetically modified mouse model using the ferritin reporter gene, enabling live cell imaging via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without additional substances. This breakthrough overcomes limitations in detecting signal changes in tissues, such as fetal development and the central nervous system.
Research found 28 out of 33 young elite tennis players had spinal abnormalities, including disc degeneration, herniated discs, and stress fractures. The study highlights the need to modify training techniques to minimize musculoskeletal damage in young athletes.
A recent study found that hyperintense lesions in older patients may indicate more severe brain damage, associated with conditions like dementia and memory problems. The study's lead author suggests that these lesions could be a sign of widespread disease in the brain.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a new method for creating ultra-high resolution 3D images of tiny mouse brains using magnetic resonance imaging. The technology allows for the detailed visualization of brain structures and their relationship to genetics, enabling scientists to study gene-brain connections.
A new study published in the Journal of Orthopaedic Research found that femoro-acetabular impingement (FAI) was seen in all five healthy female volunteers, despite no reported hip pain. The results suggest that FAI may not be a cause of osteoarthritis in some racial groups, particularly in Asian populations.
A new study found that software enhancement of breast MRI scans reduces false positive identifications by 23 percent, improving the accuracy of radiologists. The software analyzes multiple imaging series to provide detailed data on lesion morphology and kinetic features.
A new 3D ultrasound scanner developed by Duke University researchers enables better brain tumor detection and minimally invasive surgery guidance. The device, inserted through a small hole in the skull, produces high-quality images of brain structures, overcoming limitations of traditional MRI and CT scans.
Michael Garwood, a University of Minnesota professor, has been awarded the 2007 Gold Medal Award for his pioneering work on incorporating MRI with MRS technology to non-invasively diagnose cancer. His research improves the accuracy of cancer diagnosis and monitoring treatment response.
The NIH has awarded nearly $21 million to fund high-end instrumentation grants, enabling advanced biomedical research and treatments. The grants support the purchase of sophisticated instruments costing over $750,000 at institutions nationwide.
Researchers from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) report promising early findings on imaging and biomarker analysis. The study reveals improved methods and uniform standards for tracking brain changes and predicting Alzheimer's disease, potentially leading to faster and more efficient evaluation of potential thera...
Recent studies conducted at Mayo Clinic have found that MRI is superior to mammography in detecting additional tumors in the same breast and identifying new tumors in the healthy breast. The technology has also revealed distinct patterns between ipsilateral and contralateral tumors, guiding its use.
Researchers have developed a new, biocompatible MRI contrast agent using manganese oxide nanoparticles that produces clear images of mouse brains. The agent allows for high-contrast views of brain anatomy and has potential applications in diagnosing brain diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
A study published in Radiology found that MRI can predict full or partial recovery of patients with acute spinal cord injuries by assessing MR images within 48 hours. The severity of MSCC, bleeding, and cord swelling are key indicators of a poor prognosis, while their absence indicates a good chance for neurological recovery.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have developed a new imaging technique called magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) to diagnose liver diseases. MRE accurately measures the hardness or elasticity of the liver, enabling non-invasive diagnosis of fibrosis and cirrhosis.
A study found that breast MRI altered surgical management in 36% of patients, changing the plan from lumpectomy to mastectomy or increasing tissue removal. The change was beneficial in 22 cases, suggesting breast MRI may play a role in staging newly diagnosed breast cancers.
A new NIH study is tracking the brain and behavioral development of over 500 healthy American children from birth to age 18. The study found that children approach adult levels of performance on many basic cognitive and motor skills by age 11 or 12, but there were no dramatic increases in cognitive growth during adolescence.
A University of Arizona scientist is conducting a 5-year study to map the brain's role in language, attention, and memory. The researcher uses MRI scans to reveal complex interactions between brain regions involved in these processes.
Michael Weiner, a pioneering brain imaging researcher at San Francisco VA Medical Center, has received the 2006 William S. Middleton Award for his outstanding achievements in biomedical research. The award recognizes his contributions to clinical magnetic resonance imaging and his leadership in nationwide clinical trials.
A recent study found that CT and MRI are highly accurate in determining optimal candidates for liver transplantation in patients with cirrhosis. The study demonstrated agreement between radiology and pathology staging in 96.5-97.5% of patients, supporting the use of imaging tools in candidate selection.
Researchers analyzed post-mortem brain slices using 3T and 7T MRI, revealing 7T's ability to detect more MS lesions. This advancement can delay disease conversion and improve monitoring of neurological deficits in multiple sclerosis patients.
A recent study using MRI found that 88% of patients with knee osteoarthrosis exhibit abnormalities in the lateral collateral ligament complex. The study also identified a significant association between lateral compartment osteoarthrosis and fibular collateral ligament abnormalities.
A recent study found that MRI and MRS correctly staged 12 out of 16 patients with prostate cancer, enabling surgeons to plan wide resection of the neurovascular bundle. This improved accuracy helps ensure negative surgical margins and effective operations.
A study of 232 older adults found a positive association between high calcium and vitamin D intake and increased brain lesion volume, which can lead to cognitive decline, depression, and stroke. The researchers controlled for age, hypertension, and other factors but found no influence on the relationship.
Researchers at UCLA used a novel brain imaging technique to show that lithium increases gray matter in the brains of people with bipolar disorder, particularly in areas critical for attention and emotional control. The findings suggest that existing gray matter in these regions may be underused or dysfunctional.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have developed a motor that can safely power remote-controlled robotic medical devices for cancer biopsies and therapies guided by magnetic resonance imaging. The motor, dubbed PneuStep, is made entirely out of plastics, ceramics, and rubber and is driven by light and air.
A combined imaging approach that combines standard MRI scans with specialized contrast-enhanced techniques may provide more effective diagnoses in patients with difficult-to-detect blood clots in veins of the brain. This approach could lead to better understanding of the disease process and potentially alter treatment regimens.
An international study by the University of Bonn found that MRI can detect up to 30 cancers in the opposite breast of women with recent unilateral breast cancer diagnoses. The study's results show a 99.6% confidence level that no breast cancer is present if an MRI scan is normal, making preventive mastectomy unnecessary.
A multi-center study found that MRI screening detected cancer in the opposite breast in 30% of women with recent breast cancer diagnosis. The cancers were missed by previous mammography and clinical exam. The authors recommend MRI screening for high-risk populations, but emphasize its expense and limited ability to detect calcifications.