Articles tagged with Medical Imaging
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Optimal band imaging improves depression-type early gastric cancer diagnosis by clearly identifying contrasting demarcation lines between cancerous and noncancerous areas. This technology enhances capillary pattern and pit patterns in endoscopic images, leading to improved detection rates.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have developed a new terahertz device that can reveal hidden artworks beneath layers of plaster or paint in centuries-old buildings. The device uses pulses of terahertz radiation to detect subtle changes in material, allowing for non-destructive imaging of artworks.
Researchers developed a novel method to produce dark-field x-ray images using nanostructured gratings, enabling diagnosis of osteoporosis, breast cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. This technology can be adapted to existing medical equipment, improving image clarity and sensitivity.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory develop a method to correlate microscopic imaging techniques, leading to better understanding and diagnosis of diseases. The technology enables the study of organic and inorganic components simultaneously, improving disease treatment.
Researchers at Dartmouth College have developed three new electromagnetic imaging techniques that can effectively distinguish between healthy breast tissue and abnormal tissue. The study, which involved 150 women, found that the new methods offered a high contrast and increased accuracy in detecting breast cancer compared to convention...
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a quantum dot infrared photodetector that operates at room temperature with improved performance. The device enables thermal imaging at higher temperatures than previous records, opening up new possibilities for applications in medical and biological imaging, environmental monitorin...
A recent study found that MR imaging can predict prostate cancer recurrence in patients with extracapsular extension. The study, which analyzed 74 men with biopsy-proven prostate cancer, identified features on imaging that indicated a higher risk of metastasis.
Researchers developed a combined imaging method using three microscopic techniques to study the molecular mechanisms of multiple sclerosis. The technique enables the analysis of living tissue, revealing details about astroglial filaments and myelin sheath degradation, which could lead to earlier detection and new treatments.
A new calibration technique helps plastic surgeons use computer imaging software to analyze and balance facial features before and after surgery. The study found that patients who underwent combined rhinoplasty and chin correction showed improvements in facial proportions, with increased distances between key landmarks.
Researchers at CU-Boulder have developed a new technique to generate laser-like X-ray beams, which could improve medical imaging resolution by a thousand times. The technique uses a powerful laser to pluck an electron from an atom and then slam it back into the same atom, generating a weak but directed beam of X-rays.
The new CTX system will enable doctors and scientists to see inside living humans and animals, tracking 3-D skeletal movements with precision. This technology has applications for basic and applied research, including biomechanics, orthopedic surgeries, and injury treatments.
A NIST-developed image enhancement technique, APEX, successfully sharpened details on distant galaxies in Hubble images. The method overcame limitations of traditional deblurring techniques by leveraging mathematical simplifications.
Researchers found milk to be an effective alternative to the costly oral contrast agent VoLumen in gastrointestinal imaging exams. Milk was shown to produce similar bowel distension and enhancement without causing more abdominal discomfort than VoLumen, making it a viable option for patients.
A McGill University study found no difference in time for men and women to reach peak arousal, contrary to previous assumptions. The use of thermal imaging technology allows for minimally invasive measurement of sexual arousal rates.
The article describes mathematical techniques used to assist cranio-maxillofacial surgeons in predicting surgical outcomes. The techniques involve modeling and solving partial differential equations to create a virtual lab for testing operative strategies.
Scientists have found evidence of geysers on Saturn's icy moon Enceladus that suggest near-surface liquid water reservoirs are erupting to form the geysers. The Cassini images reveal a change in the moon's shape and geologic activity over billions of years, indicating a possible source of heat for the geysers.
Researchers capture the structure of a virus poised to inject its genetic material into a host cell for the first time, providing unprecedented detail. The images show a long coil of DNA dangling inside the viral shell, waiting to be ejected via a protein channel just inside the shell exterior.
The project aims to investigate high carrier frequencies of mid-infrared light for efficient communication and applications such as light-based radar devices, medical imaging, and synthesizing electronic tones. Researchers will design, build, and test thumbnail-sized chips capable of encoding data at unprecedented rates.
Recent images from NASA's Cassini spacecraft show jets of fine, icy particles emanating from Saturn's moon Enceladus' south polar region. The discovery provides unambiguous visual evidence that the moon is geologically active and has a fountain-like source of material.
Recent images from NASA's Cassini spacecraft reveal spectacular evidence of an active moon, Enceladus, with jets of fine, icy particles streaming from its south polar region. The discovery confirms the moon is geologically active and provides insight into its internal heating and possible energy sources.
T-rays use terahertz (THz) region of the electromagnetic spectrum to sense and image objects, providing spectroscopic information about composition. Advances enable nanoscale detection and long-range imaging up to 100 meters, with potential applications in national security, genetics, and protein folding research.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new type of medical imaging technique that uses gold nanorods to detect tiny structures in the bloodstream. The nanorods yield images nearly 60 times brighter than conventional fluorescent dyes, making them ideal for early detection of cancer.
Recent Cassini findings suggest that Enceladus' south pole is the source of water vapor and fine icy particles, defying previous assumptions. The discovery sheds light on the moon's internal heat and its connection to the E ring, offering a new perspective on Saturn's complex system.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed uncooled infrared photon detectors using type-II superlattices, enabling high-speed operation and handheld portability. The new technology has potential in medical applications, such as detecting inflammation or cancerous tissue.
Researchers used XRF imaging to analyze ancient stone inscriptions, detecting minute amounts of iron, zinc, and lead. The technique restored thousands of stones, including the law code of Draco, providing valuable information for historians and archaeologists.
Scientists have successfully delivered genes to the lungs of CF mice using DNA nanoparticles, enabling real-time imaging and assessment of gene expression. This breakthrough technology holds promise for treating serious lung diseases like cystic fibrosis with novel nucleic acid-based therapies.
Researchers found that low-dose MDCT can provide similar diagnostic image quality to standard-dose CT scans while reducing radiation doses by up to 10 times. The study suggests low-dose MDCT is a better option for evaluating sinus disease in children due to its improved accuracy and reduced need for sedation.
Researchers have developed a small-animal imager for dual modality imaging, enabling cancer researchers to gain physiological information on animal models of human disease. The device will be integrated with an optical-imaging system and used in research projects on a daily basis.
Researchers at JLab and College of W&M studied radiation blockers to enhance nuclear imaging accuracy. They found that higher doses of potassium iodide blocked radioactive iodine uptake better in mice. The study uses a unique medical imaging system and precise detectors, providing insights into the body's metabolism and thyroid function.
Researchers used nuclear imaging to study how mice absorb radioactive iodine, finding that a dose five times higher than the FDA-recommended dosage is needed for effective protection. The team discovered that using this higher dose can improve image quality and reduce false-positive readings.
Drezek has been recognized by the Beckman Foundation for her research on novel optical molecular imaging technologies for early cancer detection. Her award includes a three-year $264,000 grant to develop and refine this technology.
The UK NHS telemedicine initiative has failed to deliver promised benefits, with integration issues and inadequate patient consultation hindering its success. New portable telecare systems for monitoring chronic illnesses are being developed but face similar challenges.
The researchers created nano-sized probes using emissive polymersomes that can optically image tissue structures deep below the skin, with potential to target multiple cancer cell-surface markers simultaneously. The probes use near-infrared light to produce a bright signal detectable through imaging systems.
A statistical model was developed to automatically determine heart contours from X-ray images, reducing time and variability in observer interpretations. This technology has been incorporated into a commercial software application used by physicians and surgeons to improve diagnosis and treatment of heart conditions.
A new esophageal capsule has been found to be as effective as traditional endoscopy in detecting Barrett's esophagus, a pre-cancerous condition. The study showed a high sensitivity of 97% and specificity of 100% in identifying esophageal abnormalities.
A perfect lens could improve electronic circuitry, fiberoptic communications, and medical imaging, but mathematical analysis shows it is not feasible. Researchers used rigorous math to demonstrate that a perfect lens would struggle with the concept of negative refraction.
The study found that CT scans for facial trauma reduced hospital costs by 22%, mainly due to time savings. This is because CT scans take only 10 seconds, while X-rays take 25 minutes, resulting in less room use and technologist time.
Researchers at Jefferson Lab are adapting detector technology to develop a new gene therapy technique for cystic fibrosis, which affects 30,000 Americans. The technology allows for successful imaging of gene transfer in mice, paving the way for clinical trials.
The study found that dedicated CT technology detected lower spine fractures in 36 patients, while plain radiographs only detected them in 28. Transverse process fractures were also identified more accurately on MDCT. The benefits of using MDCT include improved patient care and cost savings.
The study found that over half of the centers offering full-body scans were located on the east and west coasts, with California and New York having the largest concentrations. The researchers recommend stricter regulation to protect healthcare consumers from unregulated repeat exams and unwarranted expenditures.
A new microdialysis probe can detect cytokine markers indicating early infection or rejection responses to implants. This detection method aims to bioengineer the site for optimal device performance, ultimately benefiting public health and economic development.
Dr. Halas' nanoshell technology has the potential to revolutionize breast cancer detection and treatment by providing earlier diagnosis, increased imaging resolution, and real-time information about tumor cells. This innovative approach uses near infrared light to target and destroy tumors without harming healthy tissue.
Researchers demonstrate noninvasive microscopy scans producing images of diseased tissue at the cellular level, rivaling traditional histopathology methods. The technique uses natural fluorescence and multiphoton microscopy to enable optical biopsies on living animals or humans without surgical intervention.
A new study finds that diffusion-weighted MR imaging can detect stroke with high accuracy, outperforming traditional CT scans. The technique is 100% specific and 90% sensitive in identifying patients who have had a stroke.
A study of 33 patients found MR imaging to be more effective than ultrasound in diagnosing large lesions and precisely localizing paratesticular lesions. The use of MR imaging as a follow-up to sonography can reduce costs and recovery time associated with unnecessary biopsies or surgical intervention.
A researcher at the University of Toronto has developed a method to automatically remove the unsightly scarlet spots, known as red-eye, from digital images. The software isolates the reddened areas of the eyes and replaces them with natural eye color, providing a convenient solution for consumers.
Researchers at Rutgers-Newark are using electrical imaging to monitor the performance of permeable reactive barriers, which remove contaminants from groundwater. The study aims to improve the understanding of iron wall impacts and develop a tool for long-term monitoring of underground technologies.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have developed a novel imaging technique to detect tiny tumors that cause a rare bone disorder. The method, which uses radioactive pentetreotide to identify tumor locations, has correctly pinpointed tumors in five of seven patients with oncogenic osteomalacia.
The Keck Foundation is funding a $750,000 grant to develop a 3D fusion microscope at Northeastern University. The instrument will enable three-dimensional imaging of biological specimens using five advanced technologies, with applications in embryonic development and spinal cord injury research.