Articles tagged with Medical Tests
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers developed a self-test tool using data from an undersea mission to assess stress, fatigue and cognitive fitness in astronauts. The test involves a vigilance task and cortisol measurements to evaluate the effects of prolonged space missions on mental performance.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine developed an electrical device that partly restores damaged sense of balance in animals. The multichannel vestibular prosthesis mimics inner ear function and can measure head rotation in all directions, partially regaining vision-stabilizing reflexes in tested chinchillas.
A recent study published in Psychological Science found that autistic children excel in fluid intelligence tests, such as the Raven's Progressive Matrices, which assess problem-solving skills and abstract thinking. In contrast, they often struggle with language-based IQ tests like the WISC.
A new study found that babies who died from Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) had a distinctive difference in their newborn hearing test results, specifically a four-point lower score in the right ear. This discovery opens up new avenues for research and may allow for early identification of infants at risk for SIDS.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center developed a fast and accurate test to measure thyroid hormones, which may help diagnose and treat conditions like hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. The new test uses tandem mass spectrometry and is more specific than the current immunoassay test.
Immediate license suspension for DWI saves 800 lives each year by deterring drunk driving, with more severe penalties after conviction having little impact. Laws allowing immediate suspensions reduce fatalities among light, moderate and heavy drinkers.
Women who experienced cognitive decline were more likely to have disturbed sleep patterns, according to a study. The researchers found that it's not the total amount of sleep that matters, but rather how well it's quality, suggesting a potential link between poor sleep and cognitive decline.
Researchers used high-tech lasers to test their effects on root canals and found they reduced bacteria amounts. The laser was also effective in eliminating bacteria and removing debris from the canal walls.
Researchers found that simple, low-literacy interventions increased discussions about prostate cancer and led to more men receiving screening tests. These findings suggest that empowering patients through patient interventions can effectively promote discussion of prostate cancer.
A study found that certain clinician demographics, such as age and specialty, are associated with higher rates of inappropriate PSA screening. Patient education and system-level changes can help reduce this misuse.
A recent study by University of Illinois researchers found that individuals with better parasympathetic tone had lower levels of inflammation, as measured by C-reactive protein (CRP). Exercise has been shown to improve parasympathetic tone, leading to a quicker heart-rate recovery after physical activity.
Researchers identified promising biomarkers in urine samples, including one linked to liver and ovarian cancer. The goal is to create a simple, fast, and noninvasive test for early detection, potentially avoiding painful procedures.
A new study by UCSF researchers suggests that pre-kindergarten tuberculosis skin testing is not a cost-effective way to spend healthcare dollars. The test would only be beneficial if at least 7% of children tested positive, which is now less than 1%. Instead, finding and treating adults with TB would be a more effective approach.
A study by Timothy Salthouse found that cognitive scores vary significantly within test-takers as between age groups, raising questions about the validity of single test scores. Repeating tests over a short period may provide a more accurate range of scores, improving diagnostic workups.
A new study by Saint Louis University researchers found that patients' emotional well-being is a crucial factor in determining the success of hip surgery. The clinical test used to evaluate hip function was shown to be less effective than previously thought, highlighting the need for a more comprehensive approach to patient care.
The American Thoracic Society has published a new statement on pulmonary function testing in preschool children, addressing clinical, technical, and epidemiological implications. The guidelines focus on spirometry and other techniques to evaluate lung function in this age group.
Researchers at University of Alberta developed a microfluidic chip for faster and cheaper FISH cancer diagnosis, enabling widespread use and personalized treatment strategies. The technology could significantly increase cancer detection speed and reduce costs from hundreds to tens of dollars.
A recent review examines the evidence supporting PSA testing for prostate cancer screening. Despite controversy over its effectiveness, many Canadian men are being tested due to widespread practice. The article also discusses finasteride's potential in reducing enlarged prostate risks and cancer risk.
Johns Hopkins scientists discovered blood-dwelling proteins CCSA-3 and CCSA-4 that accurately identify colon cancer and precancerous polyps. The researchers were 100% accurate in identifying existing cancers and correctly identified individuals with advanced precancerous polyps, suggesting a potential less invasive screening test.
A new study found that even slightly abnormal pre-operative red blood cell counts can increase the risk of death or cardiac events after major non-cardiac surgery. Researchers analyzed data from 310,311 veterans and found that maintaining a normal red blood cell count may be beneficial for elderly patients facing surgery.
A study published in The Lancet found that sputum-submission guidance increases positive tests for tuberculosis in women by 63%, making it a promising intervention to improve case detection. The guidance aims to address cultural and knowledge barriers, resulting in higher quality samples and early morning returns.
A multi-center team has discovered a 'signature' of proteins in the blood that predicts which non-small-cell lung cancer patients will live longer when treated with targeted therapies. The findings could help physicians decide which patients to treat with drugs known as EGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Research suggests that low doses of ecstasy may harm verbal memory function, particularly in areas involving serotonin. A study found that individuals who started using ecstasy at a young age showed decreased verbal memory performance compared to those who never used the drug.
A new test for diagnosing TB has been developed, offering a quick and simple alternative to existing methods. The test involves taking three sputum samples from a patient over the course of one day, enabling the detection of traces of mycobacterium tuberculosis with high accuracy.
A survey of 1,812 patients with moderate-to-severe asthma found that the disease was not controlled in 55 percent, despite regular health care visits. Uncontrolled asthmatics were more likely to experience severe symptoms and hospitalizations.
A study by the University of Rochester Medical Center found that LeadCheck Swabs are prone to high error rates, detecting 64% of hazardous concentrations of lead in dust as safe. The swab test is not reliable for determining if house dust contains lead above EPA standards.
A simple exercise test can help predict mortality risk in patients with heart failure and inform personalized treatment plans. The test measures lung efficiency and has been shown to predict future hospitalizations in systolic heart failure patients.
A study found that diagnostic tests for malaria are often underused in Zambia, resulting in patients being prescribed antimalarial medications despite negative test results. The use of rapid antigen-detection diagnostic tests (RDTs) is proposed as a cost-effective approach to reduce overtreatment.
A recent study conducted by University of California - San Diego researchers found that using a Taser on healthy individuals does not cause lasting harm. The study monitored the physiological effects of a single Taser activation in human subjects and discovered no clinically significant or lasting changes.
Researchers at the University of Alberta have confirmed that chronic pain affects attention and memory in 67% of participants. Chronic pain can disrupt the maintenance of the memory trace required to hold information for processing.
A small study published in Heart reveals that low tar cigarettes, like regular ones, severely impair blood flow through the heart. The researchers found that both groups of smokers showed significant declines in coronary flow velocity reserve after smoking, regardless of cigarette type.
Researchers found that individuals with minimal motor problems at the beginning of the study were nearly five times more likely to be diagnosed with Huntington's disease a year and a half later. Those who performed worse on cognitive tests, such as psychomotor speed, were also at increased risk.
Researchers developed a rapid technique to detect Alicyclobacillus in juices, reducing testing time from 5-7 days to hours. The new method combines DNA sequencing and mid-infrared spectroscopy for accurate identification.
Researchers at Harvard University developed a test that assesses implicit attitudes towards self-injury, improving the prediction of self-injurious behavior. The study found that individuals with a history of non-suicidal self-injury were more likely to associate self with cutting in an implicit association test.
A simple blood test taken at hospital admission can predict in-hospital mortality risk for heart failure patients, says UCLA researcher. Higher BNP levels are associated with higher mortality rates and other clinical outcomes such as mechanical ventilation and longer hospital stays.
A study published in PLoS ONE has identified a protein in the brain, alpha-spectrin, as a target for antibodies in children with cerebral malaria. The discovery could lead to the development of a predictive test to improve patient care.
A case report in The Lancet highlights the dangers of continued cocaine abuse on the heart, leading to dilated cardiomyopathy. After treatment, the patient's condition improved significantly, showing promise for recovery with abstinence.
A study of Gulf War veterans with multiple health symptom complaints found significant differences in brain structures compared to those without high numbers of symptoms. The researchers discovered smaller brain volumes in areas involved in thinking and memory, which correlated with poorer performance on learning and memory tests.
A Penn State study found that eating pistachios reduced the body's response to stress in individuals with high cholesterol but normal blood pressure. The 3-ounce pistachio diet was most effective in reducing systolic blood pressure and improving vascular relaxation.
A study of nearly 600 people with hay fever symptoms found that workers missed an average of one hour of work per week during peak seasons. Diagnostic testing followed by proper treatment may help reduce missed work days.
Raven, a mobile surgical robot developed by the University of Washington, will operate in an underwater capsule off the coast of Florida, guided by surgeons in Seattle. The 12-day mission tests current technology for sending remote-controlled surgical robotic systems into space.
Researchers found that natalizumab significantly reduces vision loss and likelihood of sustained vision loss in patients with relapsing MS. The drug's potential benefits must be weighed against its risks, including progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
The hospital has introduced more stringent admission screening methods for MRSA and VRE, detecting many more carriers before infection or spread. Weekly swab testing and bacterial growth cultures were effective in identifying patients with the germs, missing only 35% of those with MRSA.
Researchers report on patients who suffered toxic side effects from taking excessive doses of niacin, a common vitamin used to pass urine drug tests. The study warns against this practice due to the risks of liver toxicity, hypoglycemia, and other serious health issues.
A recent study by Drs. John Ioannidis and Thomas Trikalinos found that many meta-analyses employ asymmetry tests to detect publication bias, but these tests are often not statistically valid. As a result, the findings of these meta-analyses may be misleading or incorrect.
Researchers at the University of Rochester have created a laser-based technique that measures multiple chemicals in body fluids in under 60 seconds, offering non-destructive and fast testing capabilities. The technique uses Raman spectroscopy and low-refractive-index tubes to improve signal strength and accuracy.
Researchers at Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto have developed a non-invasive screening test to detect placental damage in high-risk pregnancies. The test, which combines ultrasound and blood tests, can identify abnormal placental function at 16-23 weeks gestation, allowing for early intervention and improved pregnancy outcomes.
A new diagnostic test, dubbed the 'dipstick,' can rapidly detect chemicals formed by disease-causing bacteria in food products, with a 90% accuracy rate. The test could help avoid illnesses and deaths caused by food poisoning, which affects millions annually.
A new gene mutation has been identified as the cause of X-linked mental retardation, a severe condition affecting male offspring. The researchers discovered the ZDHHC9 gene, which is mutated and loses its function, leading to the condition.
Researchers have identified a vital protein, PAWP, essential to human reproduction and fertilization. The study suggests that regulating this protein may increase the chances of pregnancy by enhancing fertility.
NIST has created a new Standard Reference Material (SRM) to help diagnose chronic kidney disease more accurately. The SRM consists of frozen human blood serum with two different concentrations of creatinine, which is a metabolic by-product of muscles.
Two new interferon-gamma blood test assays detected latent tuberculosis infection in supermarket customers who had been exposed to a contagious employee, but traditional tuberculin skin tests did not. The blood tests showed a better correlation with exposure than TSTs.
Researchers developed a new ultrasound-based test that can accurately predict ovarian response and IVF success. The antral follicle count was found to be an effective predictor of egg production, providing a less costly and invasive alternative to current hormone-based tests.
A new study provides four quick and easy-to-administer tests to assess a child's early processing skills, which underpin language development. These tests have been shown to be reliable and can help identify potential language disorders in pre-schoolers, enabling earlier and more targeted intervention.
Researchers at NIST found that multiple robots' radio transmissions can interfere with each other, degrading search and rescue performance. The study identified ways to improve urban search and rescue wireless communications, including changes in frequency coordination and transmission protocols.
A review of medical literature reveals that direct communication between hospital physicians and primary care physicians at discharge is infrequent. Discharge summaries often lack important information, contributing to primary care physician dissatisfaction and impacting quality of care. Urgent improvements are needed in the processes ...
A RAND Corporation study found that neighborhoods with more four-way intersections and diverse businesses encourage walking. However, the impact of these factors on walking is not particularly strong, especially when housing density is low. The study suggests that urban design recommendations can help create walkable communities.
Exercise testing can diagnose chronic conditions and measure treatment responses, according to a new task force report. The findings suggest that clinical exercise testing can be a powerful tool for clinicians to evaluate interventions and improve patient outcomes.
Adding CRP testing to routine assessments would increase Americans eligible for treatment by 2-25 million, mostly low-risk individuals. The medical community should focus on treating high-risk patients before expanding to low-risk populations.
A study of 118 pilots aged 40-69 found that experts demonstrated improved performance over time, outperforming younger pilots in traffic avoidance and scanning cockpit instruments. Pilots with advanced FAA ratings showed the least decline in skills, suggesting a 'crystallized intelligence' mechanism.