Articles tagged with Cervical Cancer
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers debated changes to cervical cancer screening guidelines as a vaccine for human papillomavirus (HPV) showed promising results. The study found that vaccination combined with biennial screening was cost-effective and reduced cancer incidence and mortality.
Research suggests that cervical cancer vaccines may be less effective in women who are ovulating, due to fluctuations in antibody levels triggered by sex hormones. The study found higher antibody levels during the proliferative phase and lower levels around ovulation.
Researchers found no benefit to regular screenings for women without risk factors after a hysterectomy. The cost of screenings per year of life saved can be up to $12 million, highlighting the need for more targeted screening strategies.
A UK study found no overall increased risk of death among women who used oral contraceptives, suggesting a potential lower mortality rate compared to non-users. Smoking was associated with a higher risk of death from all causes, particularly in heavy smokers.
Researchers found that HPV16 is less associated with immune status than other HPV types, suggesting it can skirt the immune system. This discovery raises hypotheses about why cervical cancer rates are only moderately increased in HIV/AIDS-affected women.
Researchers found that women who used oral contraceptives for over 5 years were at a significantly higher risk of developing cervical cancer. The study analyzed data from 28 studies and found that the relative risk of cervical cancer increased with increasing duration of use, with risks doubling after 10 years.
A single-visit approach combining visual inspection with acetic acid wash (VIA) followed by cryotherapy shows promising results in rural Thailand, with 94% of women testing negative for VIA at one year's follow-up. The program is safe, acceptable, and feasible, achieving moderate population coverage with high satisfaction rates.
A study published in The Lancet found that same-day testing and treatment led to high rates of compliance with recommended treatment, with 83.2% returning for a follow-up visit. The 'one-stop' approach also improved patient satisfaction, with nearly 98% saying the treatment was equal to or better than expected.
A grading scale and simple visual analysis of 18F-FDG PET scans were used to predict cervical cancer patient outcomes, with high accuracy in survival prognoses. The test's reproducibility was demonstrated by independent observers' close scores and results.
A recent study found that women with negative Pap and HPV tests are at low risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3 or cancer, while those with a positive HPV test remain at risk. Researchers also discussed the challenges of analyzing DNA microarray data and recommended ways to improve its interpretation.
A study found that herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) infection may increase the risk of invasive cervical cancer, particularly when combined with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The study analyzed data from seven countries and detected HSV-2 antibodies in nearly half of women with cervical cancer, but not in most women without the d...
Women with stage IIIb cervical cancer may benefit from different treatments depending on the spread of their disease, according to a new study. The research found that women whose cancer had not spread to lymph nodes had the highest survival rates, while those with upper chest lymph node involvement typically died within months.
A new computer model suggests that regular visual inspections every five years can save lives and reduce costs compared to DNA testing or traditional Pap smears. In Thailand, where cervical cancer is a major public health concern, this low-tech screening strategy could be an effective and affordable solution.
A study found that visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and HPV DNA testing are less expensive alternatives to traditional Pap smear screening for cervical cancer in developing countries. VIA, performed every 5 years in women ages 35-55, was the least expensive approach and saved the most lives.
Research highlights increased cervical cancer risk in smokers, while ovarian tumors with BRCA2 mutations also commonly have BRCA1 mutations. A potential therapeutic approach for eliminating malignant urothelial cells is also explored through CD40 ligation.
A study by Dr. G. Paolo Dotto and colleagues found that decreased Notch1 expression enables the increased expression of HPV viral proteins E6 and E7, promoting malignant cell transformation.
Researchers are studying the manatee virus to develop an approach to fighting cervical cancer in humans. The manatee immune system is being studied to gain a better understanding of diseases like HIV/AIDS.
The incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma declined sharply in the mid-1990s, mainly due to AIDS treatment improvements. However, non-AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma incidence has continued to rise.
HPV vaccination has shown high safety and efficacy, inducing high antibody titers against papillomaviruses. Hepatitis B vaccination is also highly effective in preventing chronic infection, with a 95% effectiveness rate in children.
Researchers found that abnormal E-cadherin presence in cervical lesions can prevent abnormal cells from being collected during testing. This could explain why four in 10 Pap smear results come back negative despite biopsy findings showing abnormalities.
Anal cancer is under-recognized, but rates of 350 cases per million in HIV-negative men and double in HIV-positive men indicate a need for prevention. Stanford researcher Mark Welton proposes an approach using yearly pap smears to detect precancerous cells before they develop into cancer.
The American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology has released comprehensive national consensus guidelines to evaluate women with abnormal Pap tests. The guidelines recommend utilizing new technologies, including liquid-based cytology and HPV testing, to standardize care.
A new study found that combining HPV and Pap tests for cervical cancer screening can detect an additional 225 cancers per 100,000 women, leading to a 59% decrease in mortality. The test is cost-effective and potentially life-saving, especially for women whose Pap test results are abnormal but inconclusive.
A randomized controlled trial found that culturally and linguistically suitable outreach and direct mail interventions increased Pap testing rates among Chinese-American women. The study suggests these interventions can help reduce racial and ethnic health disparities in cervical cancer screening.
The new Bethesda System aims to improve cervical cancer detection by providing more uniform, evidence-based care. Key changes include a new term for atypical cells at higher risk of precancer and clearer identification of benign cellular changes.
A study found that long-term use of oral contraceptives may increase the risk of cervical cancer in women who test positive for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA. Women using oral contraceptives for 10 years or more were four times more likely to develop cervical cancer, highlighting the importance of HPV screening.
DIPEx, a website offering video, audio, and text interviews with patients, has launched its newest modules on breast cancer and bowel cancer. The site provides a unique resource for patients and healthcare professionals, aiming to improve communication and shared decision-making.
A recent large-scale study found a strong association between infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) and risk of vaginal cancer. Women with vaginal cancer were more likely to have been exposed to HPV-16, which causes genital warts.
A longitudinal study of 1791 Brazilian women found that persistent HPV infections increased the risk of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) by 10.2 times compared to those without infection. Women with persistent type 16 or 18 HPV infections had a strong correlation with SIL incidence.
A large study of nearly 40,000 women in Denmark found that moderate drinkers became pregnant faster than non-drinkers. However, high alcohol intake was related to longer waiting times, particularly among older women and those who smoked or were overweight.
A systematic review of randomised trials found that women treated with combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy had an increased survival rate of 12% and reduced local and distant disease recurrence by around 40%. However, toxic side-effects were more common.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology found PET scans to be more accurate than CT scans in detecting cervical cancer spread. The imaging method reveals metabolic differences between cancer cells and normal tissue, identifying abnormal lymph nodes.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology found a direct positive relationship between lifetime female sexual partners and the risk of prostate cancer in middle-aged men. Men with 30 or more partners had over twice the risk of developing prostate cancer compared to those with fewer partners.
A new test combining a vinegar solution with an HPV test accurately detects precancerous lesions and reduces false positives among African women, potentially saving thousands of lives. The test could be easily administered at home or in clinics, making it a game-changer for cervical cancer screening in developing countries.
A new study from UCSF found that postmenopausal women with normal Pap smear results may not need annual screening, as the benefits are small and the risk of false-positive testing is high. Researchers also discovered that hormone replacement therapy did not significantly affect cervical cellular abnormalities.
The UCSF Vietnamese Community Health Promotion Project has received a $3.6 million CDC grant to improve breast and cervical cancer screening among Vietnamese women in Santa Clara County. The project aims to address the high rate of cervical cancer in this population, which is five times that of Caucasian women.
A US study found that women with recent normal Pap smear results have a similar low rate of significant cellular abnormalities regardless of the time interval between screenings. The study suggests that some women may not need to be screened annually, and that less frequent screening may be safe for low-risk women.
Historical case of Eva Peron's secret surgery highlights the ongoing challenges of balancing medical care with social and political implications, according to Dr. Barron H. Lerner. Despite apparent openness in modern times, many confidential details remain hidden from public scrutiny.
A new study predicts that anal Pap smear screening every two to three years would detect pre-cancerous lesions among high-risk HIV-negative men and allow for early treatment of anal cancer. The analysis suggests that this simple procedure could save lives at a cost comparable to annual mammography.
The UK Markey Cancer Center will establish local coalitions and develop community outreach programs to address cancer barriers in Appalachian regions. The network aims to increase public awareness of clinical trials and promote participation among rural, medically underserved patients.
A self-collected test for human papilloma virus (HPV) is as sensitive as Pap smears in detecting cancerous and pre-cancerous lesions of the cervix. The test has shown promise in increasing cervical cancer screenings in both developed and developing worlds.
The Yale Cancer Center will conduct a clinical trial of a new compound, indole 3 carbinol, to suppress HPV infections and prevent cervical cancer. A $1.3 million grant from the NCI will fund the study in 200 participants with chronic HPV infections.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University found a new combination therapy, called chemoradiation, that increases survival rates by 50% for cervical cancer patients. The treatment combines radiation with platinum-based chemotherapy agents, leading to more effective cancer cell killing and lower side effects.
A new study predicts that regular anal Pap smear screenings can lead to early detection of pre-cancerous lesions and treatment of anal squamous cell cancer among high-risk men. The screening is estimated to be cost-effective, saving an average of $16,000 per year of life gained.
A new test using vinegar and visual inspection detected over 75% of potential cancers among African study participants, identifying almost twice as many cases as Pap smears. The inexpensive and easy test could provide a reliable screening option for women in developing countries where cervical cancer is prevalent.
A landmark study involving women with invasive cervical cancer showed that adding chemotherapy to radiation therapy significantly improves survival rates and disease-free survival. The study found that 73% of patients who received both treatments survived for at least five years, compared to 58% of those given only radiation.
A common surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), has been shown to inactivate sexually transmitted viruses including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human papillomaviruses (HPVs). The discovery provides a major step towards developing a practical, non-toxic, and inexpensive product to protect women from HPV infection.
Researchers use infrared spectroscopy to analyze over 2,000 individual cervical cells from women with dysplasia and cervical cancer, finding that normal-looking cells have distinct abnormal spectra. This could simplify Pap test evaluation and lead to earlier cancer detection and prevention.
Researchers found that women with the p53Arg gene variation are seven times more likely to develop cervical cancer due to HPV infection. The study suggests that this genetic variation may confer a strong susceptibility to skin cancers linked to HPV and ultra-violet radiation exposure.
Researchers have discovered that killer lymphocytes recognising HPV can be found in tumour tissues, and that they may be able to boost the immune system's response to prevent cancer. A novel vaccine is also being developed to stimulate killer lymphocytes to target HPV-infected cells.
The vaccine aims to prevent HPV-related warts and cervical cancer in women, with 5,000 deaths occurring annually in the US. The study will verify safety and immune response, paving the way for a broader vaccine protecting against multiple HPV types.