Articles tagged with Fibrosis
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers found that candesartan reduces accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins and normalizes blood flow in mice with hereditary cerebral small vessel disease. The study suggests a potential new treatment avenue for age-related cerebral arteriopathy.
Scientists discovered an important protective response in the heart that can prevent excessive scarring after a heart attack. The study found that this reactive response can limit cardiac fibrosis by preventing oxidant build-up in heart cells, potentially leading to new therapies to repair scarring damage.
Researchers have identified a novel estrogen compound that provides benefits similar to hormone replacement therapy but without the risk factors associated with it. The compound has been shown to reduce excess lipid deposition in the liver and prevent the progression of fibrosis, which can lead to liver failure and metabolic problems.
Researchers found that hepatitis C treatment reduces the activity of proteins involved in cirrhosis, potentially indicating an early sign of liver recovery. The study suggests a possible pathway toward healing scarred liver tissue after virus elimination.
Researchers identified specific mesenchymal stromal cells within the bronchovascular bundle of lungs that play a crucial role in creating scarring through interaction with epithelial cells. These cells are thought to be triggered by immune cell attacks, leading to fibrotic scarring and rejection.
Researchers at USask discovered excessive sodium absorption in small airways of CF patients, providing new insights into the disease. The study's findings have the potential to improve life for people with CF who cannot benefit from existing medications.
A study led by Vanderbilt University Medical Center aims to identify the origins of pulmonary fibrosis in an at-risk patient population. The research, funded by Three Lakes Foundation, focuses on single-cell tissue samples from pre-symptomatic individuals to investigate the beginning of early interstitial lung disease.
A prospective study found that liver stiffness measurements obtained by shear-wave elastography decreased significantly after image-guided intervention for chronic Budd-Chiari syndrome in children. Disease recurrence was typically associated with an increase in liver stiffness measurements compared to prior assessments.
A new study found that every extra 1cm in waist circumference increases the odds of advanced fibrosis by 5% in people with type 2 diabetes. Advanced fibrosis is a late stage of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which can lead to serious liver damage.
A serum biomarker, polyubiquitinated phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), was associated with a four-fold higher risk of kidney function decline. This modified form of PTEN was linked to severity of lesions in kidney structure, indicating early manifestations of diabetic kidney disease.
Researchers reverse lung fibrosis in a mouse model using Bcl-2 inhibitor ABT-199, suggesting a novel therapeutic target to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The study finds that monocyte-derived macrophages play a key role in fibrosis progression and that targeting the Cpt1a-Bcl-2 interaction modulates apoptosis resistance.
Researchers at Skoltech have discovered structures called apical bulkheads in liver cells that are responsible for the narrow shape of bile canaliculi. The discovery reveals a key role for the Rab35 protein in regulating hepatocyte lumina formation and suggests potential avenues for medical applications in fatty liver disease and fibrosis
A subset of fibroblasts in lungs of people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) produce a protein called meflin, which protects against cell aging and fibrosis. Further research could lead to novel therapies for lung fibrosis.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease affects 25% of the global population, leading to inflammation and fibrosis. Researchers discovered that hepatocyte reprogramming is controlled by molecular switches, resulting in dysfunction.
Researchers at University of California San Diego have found that immunotoxins targeting mesothelin can prevent liver cells from producing collagen, a precursor to fibrosis and cirrhosis. In mouse models, these antibodies killed 60-100% of human mesothelin-producing cells, reducing collagen deposition.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes have discovered a master switch for fibrosis in the heart, which they believe could be used to treat and prevent heart failure. The study suggests that blocking this gene, MEOX1, could prevent fibrosis in other organs as well.
Researchers developed a new PET/CT radiotracer that targets activated fibroblasts in lungs, enabling direct imaging of pulmonary fibrosis. The study showed promising results, suggesting the radiotracer's potential to reduce lung biopsies and improve disease management.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have developed a microgel coating that can optimize cell-based therapy for pulmonary fibrosis. The coating boosts the therapeutic potential of donor cells by degrading scar tissue and promoting healthy lung tissue regeneration.
Fibroblasts, the cells responsible for extracellular matrices, become diseased in fibrosis. Researchers create 3D hydrogels that mimic living tissue to study fibrosis progression and epigenetic responses.
A nationwide clinical trial found no benefit from antibiotics in preventing hospitalization or death for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The study collected biological samples that will advance the understanding and treatment of the disease.
Researchers at UCSF have found a way to stimulate the natural surveillance system of immune cells to eliminate senescent cells, which contribute to aging and chronic diseases. This discovery offers an alternative to existing senolytic therapies and may lead to new treatments for age-related chronic diseases.
Researchers from Skoltech, Italy, discovered a new axis for preventing liver fibrosis by targeting the GILZ protein. The study used mice models and verified findings with human clinical data, suggesting that controlling the signaling pathway involving GILZ could lead to treating inflammatory liver diseases.
Researchers at UC Irvine discover the interaction between stromal progenitors and ILC2s that promotes muscle eosinophilia and fibrosis-associated gene expression. This finding could lead to the development of new treatments for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, a fatal muscle disease.
Researchers highlight the importance of myocardial fibrosis in HCM diagnosis and treatment, citing gene mutation and abnormal energy metabolism as contributing factors. The use of magnetic resonance imaging is also discussed as a diagnostic tool for fibrosis.
Researchers found a link between citrullinated vimentin, produced by lung macrophages in response to environmental pollutants, and the development of lung fibrosis. The study suggests that targeting PAD2 enzyme could attenuate cadmium/carbon black-induced fibrosis.
Renal fibrosis, a leading cause of kidney failure, has been linked to telomere shortening. Researchers found that short telomeres exacerbate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, promoting pathological scarring of kidney tissue. They propose treating renal fibrosis by lengthening telomeres and restoring normal gene expression.
Researchers investigate using a cell-signaling chemokine from cats to treat human kidney fibrosis and slow disease progression. The study suggests that intra-renal injection of CXCL12 may be a potential therapy for early kidney disease, offering new hope for millions with the condition.
Researchers have identified a new molecular target, MDM4, that could potentially treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) by initiating a genetic program to remove scar tissue from the lungs. Targeting this protein may prevent respiratory failure and improve treatment options for patients with IPF.
Researchers found that conventional diagnostic methods for liver fibrosis do not accurately track the disease in patients who underwent Fontan surgery. The study revealed a unique regional development of fibrosis, which was not observed with hepatitis C and B, highlighting the need for new biomarkers and imaging techniques.
Advanced liver fibrosis worsens cancer-specific and overall survival in iCCA patients, regardless of surgical resection. Patients with advanced fibrosis are at increased risk of mortality across follow-up periods.
A study published in the American Journal of Roentgenology found that multiparametric CT findings can distinguish patients with high-risk NAFLD, characterized by advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis. However, the presence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) remains elusive on CT.
A study published in Cell Reports Medicine found a link between autoantibodies and lung fibrosis progression in systemic sclerosis patients. The researchers discovered that osteopontin, a protein previously implicated in fibrosis, may be responsible for triggering lung scarring.
Researchers will develop a human, three-dimensional model system for IPF using induced pluripotent stem cells to better understand its mechanisms. The study aims to provide insights into the development of IPF and potential new treatments.
Research reveals a direct relationship between insulin resistance and severe lung inflammation and scarring in people with pre-diabetes or diabetes. High ozone exposure may exacerbate pulmonary fibrosis, particularly in individuals with poorly controlled diabetes.
A new study has found that short telomeres may contribute to the cause of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a devastating lung disease affecting thousands in the UK. The research also suggests that reducing stress and increasing exercise may help prevent or treat IPF.
Lung tissue analysis reveals MBD2 as a promising target for treating lung fibrosis, which is characterized by overexpression of this epigenetic regulator in areas occupied by macrophages. Inhibiting MBD2 may prove to be a safe way to treat the chronic and irreversible disease.
A new diagnostic tool has been developed by MIT engineers to detect both fatty liver disease and fibrosis, which can lead to liver failure. The sensor uses nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology to measure water diffusion in tissue, revealing the presence of fatty or scarred tissue with high accuracy.
Researchers at MUSC discover lysyl oxidase plays key roles in promoting fibrosis in scleroderma, and its levels can be used to monitor treatment response. The findings suggest LOX could be a promising biomarker for assessing fibrosis progression or regression.
A new study has identified fifty protein fragments, termed peptides, in the urine of patients with liver fibrosis, which could be used to develop a diagnostic urine test for the condition. The research team found that these peptides were accurately detected in 84.2% of liver fibrosis patients and 82.4% of those without the condition.
Researchers have developed two novel targeted therapies to slow down or stop fibrosis progression in people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). These treatments aim to deliver potent drugs specifically to diseased cells, minimizing harm to healthy ones. The therapies will soon enter human clinical trials.
A study of nearly 3,000 middle-aged Framingham Heart Study participants found that approximately nine percent had clinically significant liver fibrosis. Liver stiffness correlates with the degree of scarring, which is associated with more adverse cardiometabolic risk factors.
Scientists have developed a new method to study glycans and their interactions with proteins, expanding our understanding of liver disease and the immune system. Galectin-3, a glycan-binding protein, was found to interact with hundreds of receptors in live liver stellate cells and immune cells.
Researchers developed a novel ultrasound technique that quantifies lung scarring and detects lung fluid in rats, showing promise for assessing pulmonary fibrosis and edema. The non-invasive method could reduce costs and improve patient care by providing accurate, measurable assessments of lung health.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology report that protein TL1A drives fibrosis in several mouse models, triggering tissue remodeling and making it harder for lungs and airways to function normally. This discovery suggests potential targets for therapeutics aimed at reducing fibrosis and tissue remodeling.
Researchers developed a 3D bioengineered model of lung tissue that showed drugs effective in Petri dish tests did not work in patients, highlighting the need to target other aspects of pulmonary fibrosis. The study used tissue engineering and mechanical cues to understand how fibroblasts drive disease progression.
Scientists discovered that type-1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1) promote tissue repair in the gut, but when dysregulated can contribute to IBD co-morbidities such as cancer and fibrosis. This finding has important implications for treating patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.
A pilot study found that assessing liver fibrosis in people with type 2 diabetes could identify large numbers of previously undiscovered cases of advanced liver disease, increasing diagnosis rates 5-fold. The study also discovered that over half of patients diagnosed with significant fibrosis had normal ALT levels.
Researchers from Kanazawa University found that IL-17A triggers cellular changes in the peritoneum, leading to stromal fibrosis in gastric cancer patients. The study suggests that suppressing mast cell degranulation may be a promising treatment strategy for patients with peritoneal dissemination.
A study published in JCI Insight has identified a potential treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), with tesamorelin reducing liver fat and fibrosis progression. The drug appears to increase expression of genes associated with burning of fat in the mitochondria, which may prevent fibrosis.
Researchers at CNIO develop effective therapy for mice with age-related pulmonary fibrosis, activating telomerase production to prevent disease development. The treatment, a gene therapy, also successfully reversed fibrosis in mice without genetic alterations.
A pre-clinical study led by Cincinnati Children's Hospital demonstrates that barasertib reverses fibroblast activation, stopping dangerous scar tissue build-up in lungs of IPF patients. The drug targets AURKB activity, slowing disease progress and improving lung function.
Researchers at IRB Barcelona have been awarded an ERC grant to develop new medications targeting senescent cells, which contribute to fibrotic diseases. The goal is to create senolytics that selectively eliminate damaged cells, potentially preventing age-related diseases.
Researchers at Okayama University developed a novel 3D cell culture model that accurately replicates the fibrotic components of pancreatic cancer. The model allows for the tuning of fibrosis levels, enabling a better understanding of how it hinders cancer treatment and its therapeutic ramifications.
A groundbreaking study published in Science Advances has identified five unique cell types associated with lung fibrosis, including a pro-fibrotic epithelial cell that drives the disease. The research also reveals high plasticity in lung cells, allowing them to transform into different types under certain conditions.
Scientists have discovered previously unreported genetic and cellular changes in the lungs of people with pulmonary fibrosis, a devastating lung-scarring disease. The findings provide remarkable insights into the fundamental mechanisms driving disease pathology in PF and may aid the search for new ways to treat or prevent the condition.
A novel microbiome-based diagnostic tool has been developed to quickly and inexpensively identify liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients. The non-invasive method analyzes patient stool samples and achieves an accuracy of over 90% in diagnosing cirrhosis, with potential implications for improving treatment outcomes.
A study by Massachusetts General Hospital researchers found that a protein called AP-2 beta induces expression of KCTD1, which triggers kidney structure differentiation. The discovery could lead to therapeutic approaches to block reactivation of beta-catenin in the adult kidney to inhibit renal fibrosis.
Researchers discovered that the loss of NEDD4-2 protein leads to impaired mucociliary clearance and dysregulation of the TGF? signaling pathway, contributing to pulmonary fibrosis progression. The study provides a novel animal model for IPF research, enabling further investigation of disease mechanisms and development of new treatments.
Researchers discover e-cigarette liquid can cause lung tissue repair process to go haywire, leading to scarring. Inhibiting a certain nicotinic receptor may help promote cell death and slow scar formation in affected individuals.
Research reveals TGF-β-driven reduction of cytoglobin (CYGB) in HSCs leads to oxidative DNA damage and liver fibrosis in NASH. CYGB has a protective effect on hepatic parenchymal cells by scavenging hydroxyl radicals.