Articles tagged with Ischemia
Cardiac computed tomography (CTA) is reliable for excluding coronary artery disease but lacks hemodynamic relevance and poses radiation risks. Fundamental insights into CAD suggest a graded prognosis according to ischemia severity, making revascularization unnecessary in some cases.
A rare case of ischemic colitis was caused by the obstruction of mesenteric and splenic veins, leading to impaired colonic venous drainage. Long-term follow-up is necessary due to limited information on this condition.
The Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute will feature presentations on various topics related to cardiovascular health, including emerging technologies for heart valve repair and women's heart issues. Researchers will also discuss the link between prohormones and cardiovascular disease risk among post-menopausal women.
Researchers are exploring optimal dosage and timing for stem cell therapy in adults with strokes and newborns with ischemic injuries. Pilot studies indicate a 25% improvement in recovery, leading to plans for clinical trials within two years.
Researchers found that Secretoneurin (SN) increases production in brain cells following ischemia, improving survival of primary brain cell cultures. In animal models, SN treatment reduced cerebral tissue death, improved motor performance, and enhanced brain function.
A study found no significant differences in rates of ischemia, death, and other events among patients treated with three anticoagulant regimens. The results suggest that bivalirudin monotherapy or a selective GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor strategy may be safe alternatives to traditional heparin-based regimens.
Researchers at Ohio State University have identified a molecule that can reverse damage and help restore blood flow to vessels constricted during a heart attack. The treatment involves delivering tetrahydrobiopterin directly to the vessels, which can improve outcomes for patients with acute coronary episodes.
Two studies have found significant gender-based differences in newborns' hearts and livers that may explain why female infant deaths are higher after heart surgery and pediatric liver transplants are less successful. Newborn girls' hearts accumulate more acid during ischemia, which may lead to injury, while their livers produce more an...
A minimally invasive stenting procedure has shown promising results in treating chronic mesenteric ischemia, a condition similar to intestinal angina. The technique was successful in 96% of patients, with over 90% experiencing relief from abdominal pain and weight gain.
A lab study found that prenatal nicotine exposure can lead to cardiac vascular dysfunction beyond the formative years, and into adulthood. Female offspring are more likely to be impacted than males, with decreased coronary flow and increased heart susceptibility to ischemia and reperfusion injury.
A study published in JAMA found that ranolazine is safe but ineffective in reducing major cardiovascular events, such as death or heart attack, in patients with acute coronary syndromes. The medication showed a reduced risk of recurrent ischemia, but failed to improve overall cardiovascular outcomes.
Researchers found that stem cells can induce a protective effect in brain tissue damaged by stroke, reducing ischemic injury. The study reveals that microglia cells also play a protective role in this reaction.
The MERLIN TIMI-36 study found that ranolazine reduced recurrent ischemia but not cardiovascular death or heart attack in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes. The study provided new safety data on the drug's long-term use in high-risk patients.
A Phase I clinical trial suggests gene therapy is a safe treatment option for patients with poor circulation and blocked blood vessels in their lower limbs. The study found that almost half of patients reported complete resolution of chronic pain and over a quarter experienced complete healing of chronic wounds after one year.
A study found that routine upstream administration of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors reduced composite ischemia events, while deferred selective use resulted in fewer major bleeding complications. However, the criterion for noninferiority was not met.
Researchers at the University of California - San Francisco have discovered two novel treatments that may prevent brain damage caused by stroke, administered through the nose to reduce brain cell death. The studies found that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) reduced brain cell death by 70-86% and significantly reduced motor imp...
A study examines the relationship between plaque build-up and artery blockage in patients with moderate risk of coronary artery disease. The results show that MSCT detects atherosclerosis, while MPI identifies ischemia, suggesting that narrowing of coronary arteries may not harm blood flow to the heart.
A new study used 'diffusion tensor' MRI to track brain development in infants with and without perinatal hypoxic ischemia. The results showed distinct fiber patterns in the brains of affected infants, which often persisted into later childhood and correlated with motor problems.
Researchers found that diazoxide prevented hind limb paralysis in rabbits, improving mobility despite impaired hopping. Mitochondrial damage was significantly reduced with diazoxide treatment, reducing reactive oxygen species and oxidative DNA damage.
Researchers have identified two proteins, Bid and Bax, as major players in cell death during ischemic renal failure. The study aims to understand the process to manipulate it for better kidney treatment.
A new gene therapy has been shown to significantly reduce the risk of amputation in patients with critical limb ischemia. Despite no improvement in wound healing, the treatment demonstrated a reduction in amputation risk and potential for lower mortality rates in this critically ill population.
The study found that ischemia triggers NMDA receptors, which activate CaMKII, enhancing ASIC1a's sensitivity to acid. This increased sensitivity causes calcium overload leading to neuronal death. Drugs inhibiting NMDAR or CaMKII prevented this damage.
Darbepoietin showed significant protection to heart tissue and improved cardiac function when administered 1-2 hours or 24 hours after an ischemic event. The findings suggest potential for quick translation into clinical trials.
A study of diabetic women found that dobutamine stress echocardiography predicts cardiac death and heart attack. The test's accuracy was shown to be higher than previously thought, allowing doctors to rule out ischemia in more patients, thereby extending their lives.
A Phase I study will test the safety of injecting bone marrow stem cells into coronary arteries of patients with chronic ischemic coronary artery disease. The trial aims to determine if this method can help patients with this heart condition in the future.
Endovascular stent grafting successfully treats abdominal and thoracic aneurysms and type B aortic dissections. The procedure has been shown to reduce mortality rates compared to surgery in certain cases.
Recent studies using transgenic mice have shown that overactive Akt1 can lead to cardiac dysfunction and hypertrophy. In contrast, Akt1 is critical for adaptive angiogenesis in the heart after ischemia. The research highlights the importance of understanding Akt1's role in regulating cardiovascular function.
Researchers found that pomegranate juice reduced brain tissue loss by 60% in mice whose mothers drank water mixed with pomegranate concentrate. The study suggests that pomegranate juice may provide neuroprotective effects and potentially reduce the impacts of hypoxic ischemic brain injury.
Researchers found that nitrite therapy reduces cell death and preserves organ function in mouse models of I/R injury. Nitrite may serve as a therapeutic treatment for I/R disease, particularly in preventing organ dysfunction following surgery or transplantation.
A study of liver transplant patients found that older donors, longer cold ischemia times, and urgent recipient status are significant risk factors for shortened graft survival. The results suggest a new model to predict post-transplant survival, potentially improving organ allocation decisions.
The study found that EGCG protected fatty livers from cell damage after I/R injury, reducing necrosis and increasing viable tissue. It also reduced liver fat content by approximately 55 percent and increased hepatic energy stores.
Researchers identify a new mechanism for stroke damage, revealing acid-sensing ion channels as major players. Blocking these channels with existing pharmacologic agents may provide a potential therapeutic target for stroke therapy.
Researchers found that embryonic endothelial progenitor cells could reduce infarct size and improve regional myocardial function when delivered regionally, but not systemically. This study uses a large animal model to test the cardioprotective potential of these cells, paving the way for future human trials.
MDCT angiography has been shown to accurately demonstrate filling defects in the superior mesenteric artery and its branches. The study found that MDCT angiography enabled correct diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia in 10 out of 41 patients, providing alternative diagnoses for 19 remaining cases.
A recent study found that stenting has excellent short-term results for treating lower-extremity ischemia, with a high success rate of 98 percent. The procedure also has a significantly lower mortality rate compared to femoral artery bypass surgery.
A University of Iowa study suggests that blocking the action of a certain protein involved in inflammation might be beneficial for organ transplantation, heart attacks, and possibly stroke. The study found that selective inhibition of this protein can prevent tissue damage caused by ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Cardiac researchers report improved blood flow to ischemic heart muscle using granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), a potential new treatment for intractable ischemia. Meanwhile, ICD patients may be safer with vigorous exercise, while daytime sleepiness significantly affects the quality of life of angina patients.
A blood test could identify biological markers that indicate the onset of a heart attack or stroke, leading to life-saving intervention. Researchers are developing a diagnostic tool using 'sick cells' markers, which may be available in three to five years.
Researchers found that CD4 cells help mediate damage during ischemia, and two specific molecules, CD28 and IFN-gamma, were identified as participating in the injury process. This challenges current ideas of T cell function and may lead to new treatments for conditions like strokes and heart attacks.
Researchers at UCSF have discovered that continuous expression of the HIF-1a gene can induce formation of new blood vessels in mice. This breakthrough has significant therapeutic potential for treating diseases such as diabetes and recalcitrant wounds.
Researchers at UNC Chapel Hill have developed a novel solid-state metal sensor that can accurately measure the acidity of chemical solutions, including body fluids. The electrode may help predict cardiac muscle ischemia and offer advance warning for potential heart attacks.
A new study suggests that even moderate physical exertions can lead to dangerous shortages in blood supply to the heart, increasing the risk of a heart attack. The research found that routine daily activities such as driving, housework, and yard work can trigger ischemia, a condition characterized by a sudden stoppage of blood flow.
Scientists have identified a new molecular target that could lead to novel therapies for ischemic cardiovascular disease. The A3 adenosine receptor has been found to exert sustained protection against injury during exposure to ischemia, suggesting potential for drug development.