Articles tagged with Neurological Disorders
Researchers found a 30-50% difference in glial cells between female and male rats, which affected social behavior. Exposure to cannabis-like compounds normalized the difference in play behavior in female rats.
A National Stroke Association survey reveals that 53% of stroke survivors suffer from pseudobulbar affect (PBA), a condition causing involuntary laughter or crying. PBA symptoms interfere with daily activities and relationships, but few are aware of the condition.
Researchers identified duplicated or missing DNA segments in children with ADHD, suggesting a neurodevelopmental disorder. The study also found overlap between ADHD and autism, suggesting a shared biological basis.
A new study by Saint Louis University researcher Lisa Cannada found that women who give birth after suffering pelvic fractures receive C-sections at more than double normal rates. Women also experience lingering symptoms such as urinary complications and post-traumatic stress disorder after a pelvic fracture injury.
Researchers at WashU Medicine have developed a new method to track brain development in children using functional MRI scans, which may shed light on psychological and developmental disorders. The approach uses mathematical analysis to identify abnormal brain function, enabling early detection and potential treatment.
A team of scientists has created a brain atlas that maps the connections between different parts of the human brain. This atlas will help researchers better understand disorders such as autism and schizophrenia, which are believed to be caused by abnormal connections among different regions within the brain.
Researchers used whole exome sequencing to discover a single gene at the root of several types of childhood brain disorders, including malformations of cortical development. The study found six unique mutations in the WDR62 gene among 30 families, highlighting its crucial role in human cortical brain development.
Research shows that IBS is associated with both decreases and increases in grey matter density in key brain areas involved in attention, emotion regulation, and pain inhibition. These findings suggest a 'brain-gut disorder' component and move beyond the traditional view of IBS as a functional syndrome.
Research reveals increased network activity and altered functional connectivity in multiple networks, reflecting the migrainous phenotype. This suggests that migraine is a disorder of the brain, with abnormalities present even outside of attacks.
A recent NIH-led interagency group report highlights 11 key categories of diseases affected by climate change, including respiratory problems, mental health issues, and cardiovascular disease. The report provides a starting point for federal research to better understand the impact of climate change on human health.
The Block by Block project aims to educate residents about diabetes, increase early diagnosis and provide resources to improve medical care and self-management for 13,000 adults. The four-year project includes household screenings, educational programs, and a case management program to help residents with diabetes organize their care.
Researchers at OHSU School of Dentistry have discovered that inflammation boosts the production of a protein involved in pain signaling, which could lead to new treatments for craniofacial pain conditions. The findings provide a crucial understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying trigeminal pain.
Research reveals that individuals with body dysmorphic disorder exhibit abnormal brain activity when viewing images of themselves, suggesting difficulties in perceiving general facial information. This impairment contributes to distorted perceptions of one's appearance, supporting the need for further studies on the condition.
A new study from UC Davis Health System identifies a key protein called SynDIG1 that plays a crucial role in creating and sustaining synapses, essential for learning, memory, and perception. The research fills a major gap in understanding the molecular foundations of higher cognitive abilities and brain disorders.
A study published in The Lancet found that non-battle-related disorders, such as musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders, are the leading cause of medical evacuation from the front line. The study also identified factors associated with return to duty, including senior officer status and non-battle related injuries.
Researchers at UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center identified four distinct molecular subtypes of GBM, each associated with a specific disease process. The study provides a solid framework for investigation of future targeted therapies that may improve the prognosis of this devastating cancer.
A five-year study shows enzyme replacement therapy reduces left ventricular mass index by around 10% and improves midwall fractional shortening in patients with baseline cardiac hypertrophy. The treatment also significantly improves average pain and quality of life scores.
A new study found that increased walking and cycling in cities like London and Delhi can reduce carbon dioxide emissions and improve public health more effectively than using lower-emission motor vehicles. The study suggests prioritizing pedestrian and cyclist infrastructure to create safe urban environments for mass active travel.
The article discusses the need to shift focus from tertiary care services to cost-effective brief interventions for earlier stages of alcohol use disorders. Health systems in low- and middle-income countries currently prioritize treatment, but this approach is often ineffective.
The DFG Research Centre for Renewable Therapies will receive €30 million in funds over the next four years. The centre aims to develop new cellular therapies and treatment options for various diseases, including metabolism diseases, cancers, and immune system disorders.
Chinese dyslexia is characterized by two disorders: visuospatial deficit and phonological disorder, differing from English dyslexia which primarily affects phonological processing
Researchers at the University of Iowa discovered a way to deliver therapeutic molecules directly into brain cells using the blood-brain barrier. They found that unique alterations in the blood vessels surrounding brain cells can target specific diseases, allowing for non-invasive treatment of lysosomal storage diseases.
Researchers suggest that OCD should be classified as a separate disorder due to its symptomatically heterogeneous nature and genetic factors contributing 27-47% of variance. Treatment trials indicate promise for medications like D-cycloserine combined with exposure and response prevention therapy.
Yale scientists have discovered a crucial protein that regulates cell size by controlling the exit of potassium and chloride ions. This finding has significant implications for understanding diseases such as sickle cell anemia and neurological disorders, where cell size imbalances can lead to damage.
Researchers will investigate whether abnormal autonomic nervous system function is the primary cause of painful bladder syndrome, a condition affecting young women with severe bladder pain and disability. The five-year study aims to lead to better understanding of the causes and possible treatments for this condition.
Researchers identify dysfunction in neural circuits of the brain that may contribute to the development of anorexia. Childhood personality traits and perfectionism are also found to be predisposing factors.
The Journal of Injury, Function and Rehabilitation has been accepted for coverage by MEDLINE, six months after its launch. This recognition acknowledges the journal's commitment to raising the scientific bar in the field of physical medicine and rehabilitation.
A new study links a history of periodontitis to an increased risk of cerebrovascular disease, particularly ischemic stroke, in men. The study found that periodontal bone loss, not current inflammation, was associated with the incidence of cerebrovascular disease.
A study found that psoriasis is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral artery disease. Patients with psoriasis were also more likely to die from these conditions, highlighting the need for vigilance in screening for cardiovascular risk factors.
Research finds stalled microtubules in cells with faulty dynamin 2 protein, leading to reduced nerve impulse strength and slowed movement. The stable microtubules disrupt normal cellular processes, including the formation of the Golgi complex.
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory researchers discovered that oligophrenin-1 (OPHN1) is crucial for neural signaling by controlling the recycling of synaptic vesicles. Defective OPHN1 signaling leads to misshapen dendritic spines and loss of synaptic strength, contributing to X-linked mental retardation.
Researchers from the University of Oregon and University of California, Davis, have identified a locking mechanism that allows neurons to form synapses, essential for transmitting information. This discovery sheds light on autism development, a brain disorder affecting social and communication abilities.
A University of Haifa research team has been awarded a European Union grant to investigate the role of synaptic proteins in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. The project aims to create disease models using deliberate damage to protein function, with potential implications for understanding autism and schizophrenia.
A study published in Nature Neuroscience reveals how a single disrupted gene can cause Angelman syndrome, a form of severe mental retardation. The researchers found that brain cells in mice with the condition lacked ability to strengthen or weaken connections, but that sensory deprivation could recover plasticity.
Researchers identified genetic factors affecting autism risk, including genes involved in forming and maintaining brain cell connections. These findings may lead to better diagnostic strategies for children with autism.
Researchers have identified a new gene variant associated with autism, found to be highly active in fetal brain regions critical for language and social behavior. The study suggests that this gene variant may contribute to an increased prenatal risk of autism.
Researchers at Saint Louis University have developed a universal influenza vaccine that evokes high antibody titers, similar to those found in small animals infected with the disease. The vaccine, known as BIPCV, is well-tolerated and safe, even at low doses.
Scientists have made significant progress in understanding post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by examining brain activity in soldiers with and without the condition. The study found that individuals with PTSD exhibit distinct brain patterns, particularly in areas responsible for emotion processing and sense of self.
Spartin localizes to lipid droplets and binds to TIP47, regulating their turnover. Overexpressing or knocking down Spartin causes an increase in LD size and number.
Researchers discovered an abnormality in the brains of adolescent boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, particularly in the anterior cingulate cortex. This region normally activates when a reward stops, but in boys with ADHD, it fails to do so, leading to continued activation and impulsive behavior.
In the occupied Palestinian territory (OPT), chronic diseases such as heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer are leading causes of death. The Palestinian National Authority's response has been limited due to military occupation and its consequences on the healthcare system.
A Brown University research team has discovered a novel Fragile X granule in the brain that could serve as a target for future autism treatments. The finding opens a new line of research into potential treatments for autism, a neurological disorder that affects social interaction and communication.
Researchers at Tufts University found that long CGG repeats stall replication, leading to chromosomal fragility and breaking, and disable cellular checkpoints that repair replication malfunctions.
A global study found a genetic mutation in the RANBP2 gene increases risk for ANE, a degenerative brain disease. The study identified 12 families with the mutation, which accounted for 75% of familial or recurrent cases.
Researchers have identified reduced white matter circuitry in brains of individuals with congenital prosopagnosia, a condition that affects face recognition. This discovery may lead to further understanding of other neurodevelopment disorders.
Studies found three clinical features that can help accurately diagnose transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), including the speed of onset and a patient's medical history. These features correctly classified 79% of cases, leading to improved diagnosis accuracy and reduced risk of misdiagnosis.
Despite its biblical origins, leprosy remains a significant public health concern in the US, with approximately 150 cases diagnosed annually. Early treatment with medicine is crucial for full recovery, but misdiagnosis and lack of awareness among physicians lead to delayed treatment and debilitating damage.
Researchers used SPECT to detect brain perfusion abnormalities in fibromyalgia patients, revealing correlations with pain intensity and emotional responses. The study confirms fibromyalgia as a real disorder, not just depression-related, and may improve treatment prediction.
Recent study findings suggest expanding thrombolysis window to up to 4.5 hours after acute ischemic stroke may lead to worsening outcomes due to irreversible tissue damage. The UCSD Stroke Center emphasizes the importance of timely treatment, highlighting the critical need for door-to-needle time during a stroke.
University of Missouri researchers are studying facial features and brain structures in children with autism to develop a formula for earlier detection. The study aims to reveal genetic clues that can direct additional research and lead to more precise diagnosis.
Ahi1 and Hap1 form a stable complex in mouse brain, but truncated Ahi1 fails to stabilize Hap1; this affects TrkB levels crucial for nerve and brain development. The study provides insight into Joubert syndrome mechanisms.
Researchers identify key role of endogenous opioids in alcoholism-related cognitive impairment. Innovative therapies may improve or prevent alcohol-induced memory problems in patients with alcohol dependence.
A study by University of Granada researchers distinguishes between endogenous (voluntary) and exogenous (involuntary) attention systems. The findings have significant implications for understanding attention disorders and training healthy children.
A study by Columbia University Irving Medical Center researchers has identified rare spontaneous copy number mutations in the genomes of individuals with schizophrenia, accounting for at least 10% of non-familial cases. These genetic mutations were found to be present in affected individuals but not in their biological parents.
UT Southwestern researchers found gene mutations in mice that control electrical excitability in the brain involved in sleep create a human-like insomnia disorder. The mutant mice slept half as much as normal mice and did not readily get restful sleep even after sleep deprivation.
Women with a family member who has had a hernia or prolapse are more likely to develop the condition themselves. Lifestyle changes, such as avoiding heavy lifting and maintaining a healthy weight, can help reduce the risk of pelvic organ prolapse.
Dr. Richard Stein has been awarded the Barbara Turnbull Award for Spinal Cord Research, a $50,000 prize, for his work on direct, microelectrical spinal cord stimulation. His innovative device aims to record sensory feedback from muscles and nerves in legs and hips to help paralyzed individuals walk.
Pak H. Chan receives the Thomas Willis Award for major contributions to stroke understanding, while S. Claiborne Johnston and Pooja Khatri receive awards for clinical stroke research and young investigator recognition respectively.
Researchers at Saint Louis University find that immune cells with pro-survival proteins accumulate in the bodies of patients with lupus, contributing to disease progression. The team aims to develop a therapy that blocks these proteins to restore balance in the immune system.
Researchers have developed a new method to detect activated platelets in the brain of mice with cerebral malaria, allowing for earlier diagnosis. The use of a specific single-chain antibody and iron oxide microparticles enables detection by MRI, potentially leading to improved therapeutic and diagnostic strategies.