Articles tagged with Pathogenesis
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A murine model has been developed to study the mechanisms of reverse cardiac remodeling, a process where the heart returns to its normal structure and function after injury. The model shows that normalization of left ventricle structure and function is accompanied by improved cardiac myocyte function and reduced expression of genes ass...
Researchers identified a strong association between an East-Asian specific mutation and increased risk of wet AMD, highlighting the importance of HDL metabolism in the disease's pathogenesis. The study also uncovered three new genes linked to AMD for the first time.
Overexpression of Notch1 in temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with reduced seizure frequency and brain discharges. The study found increased presence of Notch 1 and hairy and enhancer of split-1 in intractable temporal lobe epilepsy patients, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for treating the condition.
Research suggests that impaired inhibition of medium spiny neurons in the nucleus accumbens contributes to childhood depression. The study found that nomifensine can alleviate depressive behaviors by reducing neuron membrane excitability.
The study found that overexpression of Notch1 in temporal lobe epilepsy rats reduced seizure frequency and brain discharges. Increased presence of Notch 1 and hairy and enhancer of split-1 was observed in intractable temporal lobe epilepsy patients, suggesting a potential role for Notch signaling in the disease.
A study published in Neural Regeneration Research found that genetic diagnosis is crucial in ruling out Huntington's chorea. The analysis incorporated clinical symptoms, imaging examinations, and gene diagnosis, suggesting that a combination of these factors is necessary for an accurate diagnosis.
A study published in Neural Regeneration Research found that PD-L1 is significantly increased in the spinal cord and infiltrating lymphocytes of mice with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, a model for multiple sclerosis. This suggests that PD-L1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.
The new open access journal Pathogenesis will publish peer-reviewed original research and high-quality reviews in various areas of pathology. It aims to provide a platform for researchers and clinicians to share their work quickly and widely, promoting excellence in pathology.
Researchers found that changes in occludin and connexin 43 expression are consistent with the development of brain edema, reflecting its pathogenesis. The study's findings may lead to better treatments for intracranial diseases.
Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) and Keshan disease (KD) are major endemic diseases in China, with significant alterations in chondrocyte phenotype, necrosis, and apoptosis in KBD. The study identified 16 genes showing differential expression in both diseases, including nine with synchronous and seven with asynchronous expression.
A recent study published in PLoS One reveals that impaired autophagy is linked to age-related macular degeneration, a leading cause of visual impairment. The researchers found that the lysosomal clean-up mechanism, or autophagy, plays a crucial role in clearing harmful protein accumulations behind the retina, which lead to vision loss.
A Chinese research team found strong genetic evidence linking mevalonate kinase gene (MVK) mutations to disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP), a rare skin disorder. MVK mutations were not detected in other clinical subtypes of Porokeratosis, suggesting they may be specific to DSAP patients.
Researchers have identified a novel mechanism by which Bartonella bacteria manipulate host cell signaling, prolonging cell lifespan and contributing to chronic infection persistence. The study reveals the role of protein BepA in binding adenylyl cyclase, leading to increased cAMP production and preventing host cell death.
Alison K. Criss, a young investigator at the University of Virginia, receives the ICAAC Young Investigator Award for her outstanding research on bacterial pathogenesis. Her work focuses on the interactions between Neisseria gonorrhoeae and host cells, with implications for understanding bacterial evasion mechanisms.
Researchers have identified a distinct population of immune cells that contribute to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes by helping CD8+ T cells elicit autoimmune responses in the pancreas. This subset of CD4+ T cells produces IL-21 and express CCR9, playing a critical role in autoimmune disease.
Researchers identified a key molecular switch that drives the onset of Huntington's disease, an incurable neurodegenerative disorder. A subtle change in two amino acids reduced the pathogenic potential of the mutant protein, potentially leading to new treatment strategies.
Researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center have discovered a new targeted intervention for Barth Syndrome, a genetic disorder causing heart and muscle failure in children. The study identified iPLA2-VIA as a potential target for therapeutic intervention, showing promise for treating the disease.
A vaccine for tularemia, caused by Francisella tularensis, is being developed as the disease's potential as a bioterrorism agent has increased. Researchers have made progress in understanding the bacterium's pathogenesis and identifying potential targets for a vaccine.
Researchers uncover how ATM mutations cause neurodegeneration in Ataxia telangiectasia by preventing neurons from re-entering the cell cycle. This finding holds promise for developing new treatments for A-T and other neurodegenerative disorders.
Researchers identified how toxic protein plaque accumulates in the brain of people with Alzheimer's disease. The study found that endocytosis plays a crucial role in transporting amyloid precursor protein into neurons, leading to A
A new animal study suggests small intestinal bacteria overgrowth (SIBO) contributes to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NASH) pathogenesis. Treatment with cidomycin alleviates NASH severity by lowering serum ALT, AST, and TNF-α levels.
Researchers found that IETM is the arch-criminal in HPS development, leading to increased NO and CO production and vascular abnormalities. The study suggests that targeting LPS may be effective in preventing and treating HPS.
Researchers have identified a key antigen underlying Crohn disease, bacterial flagellin, which triggers an immune response. Studies found high reactivity against specific flagellins in CD patients, but not in controls or ulcerative colitis patients, providing new leads for causal antigens.