Articles tagged with Drug Targets
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Research in The FASEB Journal suggests that fenofibrate may become a viable treatment option for relieving pain, stimulating appetite, reducing nausea, and preventing depression. The study found that fenofibrate activates cannabinoid receptors, which could lead to the development of new drugs targeting these receptors.
A recent study published in Nature Communications has found that a little bit of sugar on the surface of fungal cells triggers the death of immune cells that would otherwise kill the fungus. This discovery could lead to a new therapeutic strategy for treating Candida albicans, one of the most common causes of bloodstream infections.
Researchers at the University of Virginia have developed a promising drug that targets a specific altered cellular protein driving acute myeloid leukemia. The compound kills cancerous cells while sparing healthy ones, offering a new paradigm for treating leukemia.
The Michael J. Fox Foundation is supporting research on a novel therapy for Parkinson's disease by Dr Bryce Vissel and Sandy Stayte at the Garvan Institute of Medical Research. The prototype drug targets kainate receptors to slow disease progression.
Researchers have identified a compound that blocks HIV entry by targeting both CCR5 and CXCR4, reducing the risk of resistance and making treatment more effective. This finding has significant implications for the development of new HIV treatments and could potentially keep treatment affordable for millions in the developing world.
Scientists from the Scripps Research Institute have confirmed that ribosome assembly is a potentially fertile new target for anti-cancer drugs. The study highlights the essential function of Casein kinase 1δ (CK1δ) and CK1ε in human ribosome assembly, which are also elevated in several tumor types and neurodegenerative diseases.
Scientists at IRB Barcelona will study protein motions to identify new sites for drug targeting in prostate cancer. The project aims to unravel the connections between distant points of a protein, which could transform the field of drug discovery.
A new study has identified two distinct subtypes of childhood leukemia and found that about 13 percent of ALL cases may be successfully treated with targeted drugs. The research developed a simple lab test to determine which patients fall into the less-common subtype, opening up new hope for treatment options.
A Review article discusses how existing drugs like Viagra can reduce the activity of a specific chaperone protein, HSPA5/Dna K, which may lead to anti-tumor and anti-Alzheimer's disease effects. The study also reveals potential applications in treating antibiotic-resistant infections and chemotherapy-resistant cancers.
The genome of Ancylostoma ceylanicum, a nematode that infects up to 400 million people worldwide, has been sequenced. The study identified genes active during infection and potential drug targets. The findings could lead to new treatments for parasitic hookworms.
Researchers have created a new method to monitor the effect of anti-cancer drugs on rare leukaemia stem cells, enabling personalized treatment and potential cure. The approach involves testing small samples of cells with a novel technology platform.
Researchers have identified potential targets for precision drugs that exploit cancer cells' inherent weaknesses in DNA repair systems. This discovery could lead to personalized medicine and potentially save thousands of cancer patients from chemotherapy's horrible side effects.
Researchers at Imperial College London discovered that certain sedatives work by 'switching on' neurons in a specific brain region, triggering deep sleep. The findings could lead to targeted remedies for insomnia and more effective anaesthetic drugs.
A recent epigenetic study has identified over 30 genes that predispose individuals to allergies and asthma, providing potential new drug targets. The research also found biomarkers that may predict which patients will respond to existing therapies.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have identified a breakthrough molecule, MCC950, that suppresses the NLRP3 inflammasome, a key process in inflammatory diseases. The discovery has significant implications for treating various conditions, including arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and Muckle-Wells syndrome.
TLR9 binds to pathogen DNA, activating the innate immune system. Researchers elucidated its structure, revealing two rings bound together when recognizing CpG motifs.
Elevated NHE9 protein levels in brain cancer cells lead to slower cargo transport, allowing cancer-promoting signals to persist. This discovery suggests targeting NHE9 and EGFR proteins could help treat glioblastoma.
A recent UCSF-led study identified YAP as a key driver of resistance to targeted cancer therapies. By suppressing YAP, the researchers found that combination therapies targeting both MEK and YAP pathways can enhance the effectiveness of individual drugs in treating BRAF- and RAS-mutant tumors.
A team of scientists has deciphered the structural details of a brain protein, TSPO, which has an almost equally strong affinity for Valium as it does for its target protein. The study reveals that TSPO breaks down a compound found in red blood cells, potentially helping regulate oxygen compounds and mitigating side effects.
Scientists have discovered the crystal structure of a key protein associated with anxiety disorders, providing clues for new anti-anxiety treatments. The TSPO protein's unique structure and interactions with cholesterol could lead to improved medications with zero side effects.
The study analyzed approximately 20,000 protein coding genes in humans, revealing almost half are expressed ubiquitously across tissues. It also showed that 70% of approved pharmaceutical drugs target either secreted or membrane-bound proteins.
A study at Brown University found that reducing Myc gene activity increased the healthy lifespan of laboratory mice by 15%. The mice exhibited better health and organ function, with reduced signs of aging. The study's findings offer encouragement for developing cancer drugs targeting Myc and potential benefits for human health.
Researchers tracked genetic mutations in Ebola virus during the West African outbreak, identifying changes that could interfere with experimental therapeutics. The study highlights the need for drug developers to assess mutation effects on efficacy.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara have developed a method to target inflamed tissues by utilizing monocytes, which can be attached to 'cellular backpacks' coated with antibodies. These particles can deliver therapeutic agents to the site of inflammation, potentially improving treatment outcomes and reducing side effects.
A recent article describes clinical trials targeting TRK fusions in various cancer types, including lung, breast, and melanoma. The TRK family of genes can cause cancer when improperly fused with other nearby genes.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have discovered a single protein responsible for triggering allergic reactions to various medications, including cancer drugs and antibiotics. A new drug targeting this protein could improve treatment outcomes for patients with conditions such as prostate cancer and diabetes.
The COUNTDOWN research consortium aims to improve drug distribution and integration into broader health system responses for NTDs. It will trial and evaluate new approaches targeting those overlooked and excluded.
Scientists at CAMH have discovered a novel drug target that could lead to better antipsychotic medications for schizophrenia patients. The discovery, led by Dr. Fang Liu, identifies a protein combination that disrupts symptoms without side-effects.
In an early-phase clinical trial, a new type of cancer therapy targeting the IDH2 gene produced dramatic results in patients with advanced leukemia. The study found that AG-221 blocked the mutated protein, allowing immature white blood cells to develop normally and leading to complete or partial remissions.
A researcher at American University has constructed a three-dimensional computer model of a receptor protein linked to human growth, which may lead to the development of drugs to treat conditions such as gigantism and dwarfism. The study was led by researchers from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human D...
Researchers discovered that tamoxifen, a breast cancer drug, can target and control the survival and proliferation of stem cells responsible for blood cancers. The study found that activation of estrogen receptors with tamoxifen could block the excessive production of abnormal white blood cells in mice with blood neoplasms.
A new study found an effective treatment approach to inhibit latent herpes simplex viruses from reactivating and causing disease. The research used existing drugs, such as tranylcypromine, to block proteins involved in viral replication, reducing symptoms and shedding of the virus.
Research identifies specific glycans on cell surfaces as key targets for bacterial toxins, offering new avenues for blocking toxin action and developing novel treatments. The discovery has major implications for the treatment of diseases caused by bacterial pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and group A streptococci.
A rare species of tapeworm, Spirometra erinaceieuropaei, found in the brain has its genome sequenced for the first time. The study identifies genes providing resistance to certain treatments and potential targets for known cancer drugs.
Researchers at UW-Madison identified 1,300 host cell proteins the virus may use to infect cells, testing each protein to see whether eliminating it interferes with viral infectivity. The study aims to develop new drugs targeting cellular machinery rather than attacking the virus itself.
A new computational model helps researchers rationally design and select protein molecules to create effective biologic drug therapies with reduced side effects. The model reveals that the length of a DNA linker influences how well fusion protein components attach to their intended receptors.
Researchers have developed a computational model to design fusion proteins that target cancer cells while minimizing harm to healthy cells. The model predicts the behavior of these proteins and can help identify promising candidates for drug testing.
The study suggests that expanding protected areas by 17% could triple current protection levels and deliver a 50% more efficient result globally. However, land-use change threatens this opportunity, putting over 1,000 species at risk of losing up to 50% of their habitats.
Researchers at TSRI found a link between the reward and stress systems in the brain, suggesting that specific neurons play a key role in nicotine addiction. By targeting these neurons, scientists hope to develop drugs or genetic therapies to reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have identified vulnerable sites on the surface of Ebola virus that are targeted by the antibodies in ZMapp, a drug cocktail administered to patients during the 2014 outbreak. The study provides insights into how ZMapp works and suggests strategies to improve it.
A trial revealed that patients with a specific type of esophageal cancer who received the lung cancer drug gefitinib survived longer, with some patients living up to six months beyond their initial treatment. The drug has shown promise as a targeted treatment for this disease.
A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that maintenance opioid agonist therapy with methadone or buprenorphine reduces the incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among young injection-drug users. The treatment was associated with a lower risk of HCV transmission, highlighting its potential as a prevention strategy.
Scientists have developed a technique to survey the fission yeast genome in relation to cell shape, microtubule organisation, and cell cycle progression. The study reveals new links between hundreds of genes and these cellular processes, including a previously unknown connection between DNA repair machinery and microtubule stability.
A new study reveals that nearly half of all genes in the mouse genome oscillate on a 24-hour schedule, targeting daily-oscillating genes. The research provides important clues about how drug efficacy can be optimized by timing of delivery.
A study found that maintenance opioid agonist therapy with methadone or buprenorphine reduced the incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in young injection-drug users. The treatment strategy is crucial for preventing the spread of HCV among this high-risk group.
Researchers found that recreational drug use among swingers was associated with high-risk sexual behavior and STIs, especially in women. The study suggests that targeted interventions addressing safer sex practices and secondary prevention of drug use could be effective in reducing the spread of STIs.
Researchers found that the FGF21-CRF pathway activates the sympathetic nervous system to signal to brown fat, which burns fat to generate heat. The study provides new insights into obesity and weight loss regulation, highlighting the importance of the central nervous system in weight management.
A study published in eLife has found that favipiravir is effective at lowering norovirus levels in the body, which may help reduce disease severity and prevent onward transmission. The experimental drug works by causing the virus to self-destruct through a process called lethal mutagenesis.
The new terminology is based on a classification developed in the 1960s, but has not evolved significantly since. The proposed system will have four components or axes: pharmacological target and mode of action, approved indications, efficacy, and neurobiological description.
Researchers at UMass Chan Medical School and UMMSM have identified a rare genetic pathway that protects against bipolar disorder. Decades of research in Old Order Amish families with a high incidence of both diseases revealed a significant negative association between Ellis van-Creveld syndrome and bipolar affective disorder.
A new study reports the discovery of a universally conserved drug target for Ebola, which can be used to develop effective anti-Ebola agents against all known species. The researchers have produced a peptide mimic that displays a functionally critical region of the virus, making it suitable for use in high-throughput drug screens.
Researchers at USC Davis School of Gerontology discovered a genetic pathway that enables certain worms and humans to resist the negative effects of high-sugar diets. The study suggests that activating this pathway could lead to new treatments for obesity, while cautioning against potential risks associated with increased Nrf2 function.
University of Michigan scientists are launching a five-year effort to better understand the cause of falls in Parkinson's patients and find new options based on brain science. The Udall Center of Excellence will focus on the cholinergic system, which helps regulate attention and balance.
Researchers have identified a new approach to treating chronic graft-versus-host disease, targeting T and B cells with the FDA-approved drug ibrutinib. The study found that ibrutinib reduced chronic GVHD in mice models and decreased activation of T and B cells isolated from patients with chronic GVHD.
Researchers will sequence the genomes of 10,000 people with European, Hispanic, and African-American ancestry to better understand two mental health disorders. The goal is to identify genetic targets for drug development and improve disease prediction.
Researchers at Whitehead Institute have discovered a trio of poorly understood growth regulators called the Sestrins that play a crucial role in regulating mTORC1 signaling. The study found that the Sestrins work cooperatively to inhibit mTORC1 signaling by interacting with GATOR2, suggesting new potential targets for drug development.
A Harvard team developed a human airway muscle-on-a-chip that accurately mimics the way smooth muscle contracts in the human airway. The chip can be used to test new drugs and measure human responses to asthma triggers, paving the way for patient-specific treatments.
Researchers have identified a novel drug target, Kir7.1, that induces acute and sustained uterine contractions to treat postpartum haemorrhage (PPH), a major global cause of maternal mortality. The treatment bypasses biochemical pathways exhausted during prolonged labour, promising effective treatment at low doses.
UMass Amherst doctoral student Khaja Muneeruddin has received the 2014-15 Global Fellowship Award for developing new analytical methods to characterize complex pharmaceuticals. The award aims to advance research in quality standards and support his work on creating novel assays for drug manufacturers.
A commentary calls for physicians to carefully review older patients' medication lists and consider their anticipated life expectancy, goals of care, and treatment targets. This approach can help reduce the number of unnecessary prescriptions and minimize harm from medications in older adults.