Articles tagged with Amyloids
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers will focus on possible therapies aimed at affecting the peptide beta amyloid and the tau protein. The consortium's work will translate basic research knowledge into clinical trials of interventions that target Alzheimer's disease mechanisms.
The three-dimensional structure of insulin-degrading enzyme suggests ways to develop drugs that could either speed up or slow down its activity. The researchers discovered small mutations that increased the enzyme's activity by 40-fold, providing a blueprint for developing similar effects.
Researchers have made significant advances in optics tests for early Alzheimer's detection, which may enable universal screening technologies. The tests can identify small molecular signs of the disease in the eye before brain pathology is present, raising hopes for early diagnosis and slowing disease progression.
Researchers at UCLA/VA have discovered that curcumin, a compound found in curry and turmeric, can enhance the immune system's ability to clear amyloid beta from the brain. In a study published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, treated macrophages showed improved uptake of amyloid beta in 50% of patients with Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that an enzyme called Cathepsin B breaks down the amyloid plaque protein in Alzheimer's disease, offering a potential new treatment approach. Increasing CatB activity reduced plaque deposits in mice with human APP, suggesting it could be a protective mechanism against AD.
A study by Salk Institute researchers reveals that aging is a critical factor in the buildup of toxic beta amyloid aggregates in the brain. The team found that cells use an unexpected two-pronged strategy to rid themselves of these aggregates, with high molecular weight species being less toxic than smaller ones.
A recent study reveals that prion disease infectivity can cause heart damage in mice, with similarities to human amyloid heart disease. The findings have significant implications for the development of new diagnostic tests and treatments for prion diseases.
Researchers found that scyllo-inositol prevented the accumulation of amyloid â deposits, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, and improved cognitive abilities in mice. The study suggests that scyllo-inositol may be an effective experimental therapy for Alzheimer's disease.
The study found that soluble forms of amyloid beta are highly toxic, killing neurons in as little as 12 hours, while fibrillar forms render them useless over a period of days. Researchers hope to develop therapies targeting these different forms of amyloid beta.
OHSU researchers found that beta amyloid can be found both inside and outside of brain cell mitochondria in Alzheimer's mice, suggesting a key role in the disease. Mitochondrial oxidative damage may contribute to the progression of Alzheimer's by producing hydrogen peroxide.
Researchers at Howard Hughes Medical Institute have identified a crucial protein called TMP21 that regulates amyloid-beta production. By controlling the specific cleavage of APP, TMP21 helps keep amyloid-beta levels in check, preventing the formation of toxic plaques. This discovery may lead to new treatments for Alzheimer's disease.
A new genetic cause of Alzheimer's disease has been discovered, with increased amyloid precursor protein expression being a significant risk factor. The study found that genetic variations in the promoter region can increase gene expression and contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
The landmark book celebrates the centennial of Alzheimer's discovery, narrating its evolution from a major cause of late-life dementia. The publication brings to life classic studies defining the disease research, featuring contributions from prominent researchers.
A DNA gene vaccine successfully reduced amyloid-beta 42 protein buildup in the brains of mice with a genetic mutation associated with Alzheimer's disease. The vaccine elicited high levels of antibodies and significantly decreased brain plaques, offering a promising therapeutic option for the disease.
A new study found that the Pin1 enzyme helps protect against age-related neurodegeneration and establishes a link between amyloid plaques and tau tangles. The researchers discovered that Pin1 regulates APP cleavage and amyloid beta production, preventing plaque formation.
New research reveals Pin1 enzyme plays a key role in preventing Alzheimer's disease by regulating APP cleavage and amyloid beta production. The study establishes a direct link between amyloid plaques and tau tangles, two abnormal structures associated with the disease.
Researchers discover that excessive amyloid-beta toxicity leads to functional heme deficiency, causing mitochondrial decay and oxidative damage. A new class of targeted drugs could soon be developed to address this underlying mechanism.
Researchers found that a new experimental drug, AF267B, reversed key cognitive deficits and reduced pathological plaques and tangles in the brain of Alzheimer's patients. The treatment improved learning and memory abilities in mice with amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, but not in other brain regions.
Researchers at Canadian Institutes of Health Research find that bone marrow-derived microglia can efficiently destroy amyloid plaques, the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The discovery provides new hope for patients by highlighting a potential therapeutic approach to curbing plaque development and prolonging autonomy.
Researchers found that increased brain cell activity drives up levels of amyloid beta, a key ingredient in Alzheimer's plaques. Corresponding drops in amyloid beta levels occurred when brain cells' ability to send messages was dampened or blocked completely.
Researchers found that resveratrol can prevent amyloid beta from killing neurons by blocking a key protein called NF-kB in microglia. This discovery singles out resveratrol as a promising therapeutic intervention for Alzheimer's disease.
The study reveals that Pme117, a glycoprotein involved in melanosomes, rapidly folds into functional amyloid fibers that enhance melanin production. This discovery suggests that amyloid formation may serve a physiological role in cells, contradicting current views on pathogenic amyloids.
Researchers have engineered mice to produce amyloid plaques in their brains, finding that treatment with drugs lowering Abeta production can prevent progression of Alzheimer's disease. However, treatment cannot reverse the disease. Early treatment with these drugs may be crucial in slowing or stopping its spread.
Researchers found that resveratrol, a compound in red wine, significantly reduces amyloid-beta peptide levels in cells. The compound is believed to stimulate the degradation of these peptides by the proteasome, a multi-protein complex. However, it remains unclear whether eating grapes can effectively prevent Alzheimer's disease.
A team of researchers used proteomics to identify multiple blood proteins that adsorb to the surfaces of medical devices, including serum amyloid P. This discovery sheds new light on the biocompatibility of materials and their potential impact on patient health.
Researchers silenced a normally functioning gene using RNA interference, reducing amyloid plaque formation and cognitive decline in mice. Within a month of treatment, impaired mice recovered memory functions.
A new dye, NIAD-4, has been developed to allow direct imaging of Alzheimer's plaques through a patient's skull without invasive procedures. The compound binds to amyloid brain plaques and fluoresces when exposed to near-infrared radiation, providing clear visual images.
Researchers discovered that a vascular gene plays a crucial role in the growth of blood vessels in brain cells. Restoring its expression level stimulates new vessel formation and improves clearance of amyloid beta peptide, a toxin associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Studies using transgenic mice reveal impaired amyloid-beta clearance leads to vascular damage and neuroinflammation in the brain. This process appears to contribute to the progression of Alzheimer's disease, suggesting novel therapeutic targets to reduce blood vessel-associated Aβ deposition.
Researchers created transgenic mice overproducing Ab40 and Ab42 to study their roles in AD pathology. The results showed that Ab42 mice accumulated extensive amyloid plaque and neural damage, while Ab40 mice showed little disease pathology. The study provides evidence for the critical role of Ab42 in initiating amyloid deposition.
Researchers discovered that macrophages in the innate immune system may play a role in Alzheimer's development. They found that healthy individuals can clear amyloid-beta, but Alzheimer's patients' macrophages struggle with this task.
Researchers have gained a detailed understanding of the interconnected protein segments that form amyloid fibrils, a key feature in various diseases. The structure reveals a 'spine' made up of short zippers that are tightly bonded together.
Scientists have found a way to analyze the configuration of amyloid fibers using yeast strains, providing insights into how prions interact with each other. The study reveals that prions have only two points of contact, known as the 'head' and 'tail,' which determine their interactions.
The discovery of CD147 reveals a new component regulating the production of A-beta peptides, which form amyloid plaques. The study highlights the importance of understanding membrane protein structures to combat Alzheimer's research.
Researchers found that patients who mounted an immune response against beta amyloid experienced improved memory performance and reduced brain size, suggesting the removal of built-up protein. The new trial aims to stimulate an immune attack without raising brain inflammation risk.
A study found that short heparansulfate chains trigger amyloid deposits, which are associated with Alzheimer's disease. The research suggests that short segments of sugar chains may be useful in developing new drugs for the condition.
Researchers found that small soluble protein clusters called oligomers cause neurotoxicity by increasing membrane permeability. This challenges the long-held idea that insoluble fibrils are responsible for disease symptoms.
Scripps Research scientists identified that certain tissues are more susceptible to amyloid plaques due to their ability to efficiently release misfolded protein. The study found that cells secreting proteins into these tissues secrete the bad proteins most efficiently, making them a key factor in tissue selectivity.
Researchers have developed a polymer that acts as a decoy for beta amyloid proteins, attracting them away from brain cells and preventing their accumulation. This approach shows promise for slowing Alzheimer's disease progression and may lead to the development of new diagnostic tools.
Researchers at Duke University are using advanced atomic force microscopy techniques to study the interactions of individual amyloid protein molecules, which may hold key to preventing plaque formation. The goal is to develop a better understanding of amyloid aggregation and its role in neurodegenerative diseases.
A UCI research team identified beta amyloid accumulation within neurons as the trigger for Alzheimer's memory decline in mice. By clearing away excess beta amyloid, they were able to correct memory impairments. The findings have implications for developing drugs targeting beta amyloid.
A study by Mount Sinai School of Medicine found that mice fed a reduced carbohydrate diet slowed disease progression, with anti-amyloidogenic activities increased and plaque development prevented. The findings provide a possible mechanism for caloric reduction to prevent Alzheimer's disease.
UT Southwestern researchers developed a gene-based vaccine to stimulate immune systems against amyloid protein, reducing plaque buildup and cognitive loss in mice. The study aims to create a safe and effective Alzheimer's vaccine that can prevent or slow disease progression.
Researchers have identified a new species of amyloid β-peptide, Aβ46, which is 46 amino acids long and produced by γ-secretase at a novel cleavage site. This discovery may provide new insights into the mechanism of Alzheimer's disease and open up avenues for treatment and prevention.
A UK researcher has made significant breakthroughs in understanding the mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease. The study found that methionine in the human amyloid beta peptide is a key contributor to the disease, causing damage to neurons and decreased cell viability.
Apolipoprotein E is responsible for converting harmless amyloid-beta protein into toxic filamentous amyloid, a major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Mice with the gene showed memory deficits only when it was present.
Researchers developed a new approach to block protein interactions, leading to reduced amyloid aggregation and toxicity in Alzheimer's disease. The 'Trojan horse' technique uses small molecules to target protein chaperones, preventing the formation of toxic aggregates.
Researchers found that an ACAT inhibitor reduced amyloid deposition and improved learning in female mice, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's. The study also showed promising results for male mice, which could lead to faster development of new treatments.
A new anti-cholesterol drug, CP-113,818, has shown promise in treating Alzheimer's disease by reducing amyloid plaque accumulation and improving learning and memory in mice. Treatment with the drug resulted in a significant reduction of cholesterol storage in the brain, as well as improved performance on cognitive tests.
Researchers found that amyloid growth can occur independently of oligomers in yeast prion protein Sup35. The study suggests that creating conditions favoring fiber growth while inhibiting oligomer formation might limit the toxic effects of amyloid plaques.
Amyloid fibers assemble individually through the addition of monomers, contradicting earlier theories that suggested oligomeric globules played a key role in their formation. This finding has significant implications for understanding amyloid diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
Researchers found that using specific antibodies to clear a certain type of brain lesion reversed abnormalities arising from another, halting disease progression. Early treatment significantly increases chances of success.
Scientists at UCSF created a large fragment of the normal prion protein, which they then folded into an abnormal shape to induce infection. The study demonstrates that misfolding a particular segment of the normal prion protein is sufficient to transform it into infectious prions. This finding provides new insights into spontaneous pri...
A study suggests that aging HIV patients are at risk of developing dementia due to the accumulation of amyloid beta in their brains. Researchers found a correlation between years of infection and increased amyloid beta levels, suggesting that good clinical control of plasma HIV may not be enough to prevent related pathologies.
Dr. Li-Huei Tsai's groundbreaking study reveals p25 protein's role in Alzheimer's disease, a key feature of which is the presence of beta amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The research also suggests an intervention after stroke could lower or prevent additional risk of Alzheimer's
Researchers found three to four times more antibodies in Alzheimer's patients than healthy individuals, indicating a possible autoimmunity component to the disease. This discovery may lead to an early diagnostic test and more targeted treatments.
Researchers discovered a protein that dissolves amyloid fibers in yeast cells, which could have implications for understanding protein folding processes and the role of environmental factors in evolution. The finding also sheds light on the natural biology of Sup35, a protein involved in genetic translation.
A study using mouse models of Alzheimer's disease found that blocking the Fyn enzyme reduces amyloid protein damage to synapses and improves longevity. However, increasing Fyn levels worsens synaptic damage and shortens lifespan. The findings suggest that pharmacological modulation of Fyn may be beneficial in treating Alzheimer's.
Researchers found that increased expression of ADAM10 reduced AB peptide formation and prevented plaque formation in an Alzheimer disease mouse model. This suggests that targeting alpha-secretase might be a useful therapeutic target for AD.
A study on transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) and prion protein PrPSc accumulation in muscle tissue of infected rodents found that the defective form of PrPSc is present prior to clinical symptoms. The accumulation of PrPSc is greatest after clinical symptoms are well established.