Articles tagged with Hormones
A recent study published in JAMA found that excessive maternal thyroid hormone levels can lead to miscarriage and negatively impact fetal growth, with unaffected fetuses being more susceptible to these effects. The study also discovered that high maternal thyroid hormone levels can induce a catabolic state during fetal life.
Researchers found that acute stress increases levels of DHEA-S in healthy humans and the DHEA-S-cortisol ratio is associated with reduced dissociation symptoms. The study suggests that augmentation of DHEA-S levels before stress exposure may provide a protective effect against stress-induced symptoms.
Researchers demonstrated the safety of combining MT-1 with UV-B light or sunlight to induce tanning in human subjects. The study showed that MT-1 can be safely administered with UV-B exposure, resulting in enhanced tanning without adverse effects.
Using fruit flies, scientists confirm bursicon's role in hardening exoskeletons after molting and enabling wing development. The discovery could lead to precise timing of pest control measures for migratory locust outbreaks.
A study published in Archives of Surgery found that patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery experienced significant declines in ghrelin levels, a hormone that stimulates appetite. The findings suggest that complete division of the stomach contributes to this decline and may play a key role in weight loss.
Researchers found that ghrelin was significantly elevated with weight loss in exercising subjects, indicating a potential role for ghrelin in returning the body to a prior set-point for body weight. The study suggests that exercise training itself has little impact on ghrelin levels.
A recent imaging study at Carnegie Mellon University has discovered persistent sex-based differences in brain structures of mice entering adulthood, as revealed by high-resolution magnetic resonance microscopy. The findings provide a more accurate representation of how circulating hormones affect brain development compared to human ima...
Low thyroid hormone levels affect an estimated 40,000 pregnant and 1.6 million nonpregnant women in the US, with 3.1% of reproductive age women having low levels. Targeted screening before pregnancy may prevent developmental issues.
Researchers discovered a new compound, T1 amine, that rapidly induces hypothermia, slows heart rate, and drops blood pressure in mice. This effect may provide a valuable tool to manage patients with acute hypermetabolic states, including hyperthyroidism.
Researchers at SLU School of Medicine discovered a new drug, Cinacalcet, that successfully treated hyperparathyroidism, a common side effect of kidney disease. The treatment works by fooling the parathyroid glands into thinking calcium levels are higher than they actually are.
USF researchers identify bone marrow-derived BNP as a potential candidate for treating stroke, spinal cord injury and neurological damage. Bone marrow stromal cells release levels of BNP far exceeding the amounts normally found in circulating blood and spinal fluid.
A study found a higher prevalence of congenital abnormalities related to testicular descent in boys exposed to endosulfan. Although the sample size was small, the results suggest a link between endosulfan exposure and delayed sexual maturity in males.
A meta-analysis found that caregivers experience higher levels of stress hormones and lower antibody responses, leading to increased risk for various health problems. The study highlights the need for interventions to support caregiver health, which can benefit both caregivers and their care recipients.
Researchers found that wild blueberry-enriched diets helped relax arteries, reducing blood pressure and potential damage to the endothelial layer. The study suggests that high concentrations of antioxidants in blueberries may preserve nitric oxide bioavailability, aiding in maintaining arterial relaxation.
A study of 1,204 men treated with radiation therapy found that hormone therapy significantly increases the risk of moderate to severe genitorurinary and gastrointestinal side effects. Hormone therapy can extend lives but complicates treatment decision-making.
A study by Carl Thummel and Tatiana Kozlova found that ecdysone signaling is crucial for major morphogenetic movements during embryonic development. The researchers discovered that the amnioserosa, an extraembryonic tissue, is a critical source of ecdysone, which controls cell movements and maturation in insects.
Researchers at FIRS Laboratories have identified a monoclonal autoantibody responsible for hyperthyroidism in patients with Graves' disease. This breakthrough discovery may lead to the development of new agents controlling the action of autoantibodies and treating related hormonal disorders.
Biotechnology Heritage Award honors William Rutter's significant contributions to the development of biotechnology through discovery, innovation, and public understanding. Rutter's entrepreneurial spirit and management skills played a crucial role in the growth of biotechnology as a discipline and global industry.
Studies found that patients with acute brain injury had lower levels of anti-inflammatory molecule a-MSH, which remained low over four days after injury. This impairment may have detrimental consequences for brain injury treatment.
Researchers found that female participants experienced reduced tension and increased relaxation when exposed to pheromones from male underarm secretions. The study also showed a shift in blood levels of luteinizing hormone, with the onset of smaller pulses shortened by an average of 20 percent.
Researchers identified ghrelin as a hormone that stimulates feeding when introduced to specialized brain cells. Increased ghrelin levels in response to weight loss or reduced caloric intake lead to increased appetite and eating in both mice and humans.
Researchers found that children living in orphanages for over eight months had elevated cortisol levels, while those adopted early did not. However, internationally adopted children from poor care showed no significant differences in cortisol levels.
The biogerontological community is at war with anti-aging medicine, threatening the status and funding of their own research. Binstock argues that this campaign may inadvertently undermine their own legitimacy and research support by blurring public understanding of the difference between their work and pseudoscientific products.
A study found that statin use doesn't reduce reproductive hormone levels in premenopausal, perimenopausal, or postmenopausal women with coronary risk factors. The results provide reassurance on the safety of statins for women in child-bearing age.
William J. Rutter, cofounder of Chiron Corporation and biotechnology pioneer, is the latest recipient of the Biotechnology Heritage Award from CHF and BIO. The award recognizes his significant contributions to biotechnology through discovery, innovation, and public understanding.
A study by Ohio State University researchers found three genes associated with regulating thyroid hormones in the hypothalamus, which controls the hamster's reproductive cycle. The genes were active in hamsters kept in both long and short days, enabling them to respond to seasonal changes.
Scientists identified the arcuate nucleus in the hypothalamus as a key regulator of body weight, using a new method pioneered by OHSU researchers. Introducing peripheral hormone PYY 3-36 led to a significant reduction in food intake in both mice and humans, with participants feeling less hungry and eating fewer calories.
A UC Davis study found that fiber curbs appetite in women by triggering the release of cholecystokinin, a hormone associated with satiety. The researchers discovered that high-fiber meals resulted in greater feelings of fullness and higher levels of cholecystokinin compared to low-fiber meals.
A new hormone called PYY3-36 has been found to reduce food intake by a third in volunteers, providing potential relief for those struggling with weight problems. The discovery could lead to natural and safe treatments for obesity, potentially identifying specific foods that trigger hunger or developing a tablet with a similar effect.
A new needle-free device called J-Tip has been successfully used to administer hormones to women undergoing IVF treatment. The device enabled the retrieval of eggs from 16 out of 20 women, resulting in four pregnancies. Patient acceptance was high, with diaries indicating a clear preference for the needle-free approach.
Researchers discovered a molecular switch that guides cell communication before a message reaches the nucleus, adding complexity to understanding cellular signals. This switch determines which signal - calcium or cAMP - will be used, leading to different responses in target proteins and potential therapies for serious disorders.
A stress detector has been developed to continuously monitor hydrocortisone levels in saliva, allowing for real-time stress evaluation. The device could aid military troops, pilots, and emergency personnel in maintaining combat readiness and making informed decisions.
Researchers at the University of Rhode Island have developed a novel treatment using thiourea and thyroxine to synchronize the settlement and growth of summer flounder. This method reduces cannibalism and increases the profitability of flounder aquaculture, saving culturists time and effort in fish grouping.
A recent study has found that low-calorie dieting raises ghrelin levels, while gastric bypass surgery sharply reduces them, making it a potential key to unlocking the secrets of successful weight loss. The research also suggests that this mechanism may be why gastric bypass surgery is often more effective than dieting.
Tucson chemist Ralph Hruby has received a national award for his research on peptides that affect human behavior and addictions. His work on alpha-MSH has shown that small changes in the hormone's structure can lead to significant effects on behavior, including appetite regulation.
A USGS survey found 82 organic wastewater contaminants in at least one stream across the US, including medications, caffeine and antimicrobial soaps. The presence of mixtures was a surprising finding, with some streams containing up to 38 chemicals.
The NIH panel recommends surgically removing tumors over 6cm in size, while those between 4-6cm may be removed based on hormone production. Minimally invasive surgery is suitable for smaller, non-cancerous tumors.
Researchers tested BNP levels in 325 patients with dyspnea, finding those with high levels had a 51% chance of developing congestive heart failure or dying within six months. The study supports the use of BNP testing as a tool for diagnosing patients at risk of congestive heart failure.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins have identified GNAS1 as the gene responsible for progressive osseus heteroplasia (POH), a disease causing rice-size bone fragments to form under the skin and inside organs. The discovery may lead to new treatments blocking problem-causing bone fragments and potentially treating other bone problems like oste...
Researchers found significant susceptibility for thyroid autoimmune disorders and Type 1 diabetes mellitus associated with DQ2 alleles, primarily transmitted from fathers to affected daughters. Hormonal factors may also regulate this interaction, as observed in the transmission of disease to pre- and postpubertal individuals.
Researchers found that brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels are better at predicting adverse outcomes compared to traditional methods. Elevated BNP levels identified patients at high risk of dying or developing heart failure, even in those with no detectable heart damage.
A recent study by Dr. Laura C. Klein found that adolescent nicotine exposure directly affects stress hormone levels in adults, leading to increased risk of anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairments. The research suggests a possible biochemical explanation for the effects observed in human studies.
Scientists created a new mouse strain with a genetic deletion that affects stress hormones and behavior. The mice exhibit anxiety-like behavior consistently, not just in response to external stimuli, offering insights into the role of CRH-binding protein in depression and anxiety disorders.
A Penn State-led study found lower concentrations of a stress hormone in pregnant teens are linked to greater numbers of depression and conduct disorder symptoms. The hormone, corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), is associated with emotions and behavior during pregnancy.
A study by Duke University Medical Center scientists found that habitual coffee drinkers experienced increased adrenaline, noradrenaline, and blood pressure when consuming caffeine. This heightened response can lead to damage in the heart over time.
Measuring the levels of inhibin-a and inhibin-b in older women shows a more sensitive test for reproductive potential compared to FSH. The research found that inhibin levels drop as women approach menopause, indicating a direct measure of ovarian function.
Elevated levels of corticipotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) may predict preterm delivery and shorter gestation lengths in pregnant women. The study found that higher CRH levels at 28-30 weeks gestation were associated with earlier deliveries and increased risk of preterm birth.
Cornell University researchers discovered how chronic stress intensifies the adrenaline response by controlling the structure of donut-shaped protein channels on adrenal cells. This 'molecular memory' can be influenced by lifestyle factors, paving the way for gene therapy and potential treatments for hypertension and heart attacks.
A team of researchers at Northwestern University and the Mayo Clinic have identified two new proteins, Cyp-40 and p23, that act as molecular chaperones to fold proteins into an intermediate state. This discovery expands our understanding of what molecular chaperones are and their role in enhancing hormone sensitivity in cells.