Articles tagged with Lipid Metabolism
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells upregulate lipid uptake, de novo lipogenesis, and fatty acid oxidation, supporting tumour growth and metastasis. Targeting lipid metabolism, including CE synthesis and lipid biosynthetic enzymes, shows synergistic effects with antitumour drugs.
Researchers found that impaired peroxisomal function can increase insulin secretion while promoting insulin oxidation and disrupting pancreatic beta cell maturity. Healthy peroxisomes play a role in protecting insulin from oxidative modification and degradation, and helping beta cells maintain their specialized characteristics.
A study found that Radix isatidis herbal residue supplementation improved growth, mucosal immunity, gut microbiota, and lipid metabolism in broilers. The residue also increased serum immunoglobulin A, lowered low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and enhanced meat composition.
Researchers found that tumors can damage peripheral nerves before chemotherapy begins, leading to potential nerve damage and chronic pain. The study challenges the conventional thought that peripheral neuropathy is mostly due to chemotherapy treatment.
A recent study found that 8-chloroadenosine inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma by disrupting the ADAR1/PPARγ lipid metabolism axis. The compound reduced ADAR1 expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner, promoting suppressed tumor proliferation, invasion, and survival.
Researchers recreated the maternal-embryo interface using a novel co-culture system and mapped lipid metabolic dynamics during early implantation. Arachidonic acid metabolism is essential for embryo attachment, endometrial receptivity, and trophoblast development.
A new Finnish study found that a healthy lipid profile is associated with better cognitive function in adolescents. Higher blood concentrations of markers indicating lipid dysfunction were linked to slower processing speed and poorer performance on tasks requiring fast information processing.
Research finds ceramide metabolism differences between Black and white individuals with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer influence treatment outcomes. Genetic ancestry-related variants affect ceramide levels and ratios, which promote cell survival or death.
This study investigates the role of YTHDF1 in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its epitranscriptomic control of NUPR1. The researchers found that YTHDF1 promotes hepatic steatosis by enhancing NUPR1 mRNA stability, leading to elevated NUPR1 protein levels and exacerbating NAFLD progression.
A study published in Nature Communications identified over 50 previously unknown genes that affect lipid composition in the human body. These findings may provide a better understanding of aging processes and pathological conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and cardiovascular dysfunctions.
A Phase 2 trial found that combining opaganib with abiraterone and enzalutamide showed promising results in slowing disease progression and improving patient outcomes. The treatment's tolerability was also well-tolerated, with most side effects mild to moderate.
A study published in PLOS Medicine has identified two new genetic pathways contributing to cardiometabolic disease, including heart disease and obesity. The research analyzed lipid metabolites and their link to disease, suggesting that targeting specific metabolic pathways could prevent or lower the risk of disease.
A study identified exosomal microRNA-122-3p as a key driver of MASLD pathogenesis. Elevated miR-122-3p levels induced triglyceride accumulation and reactive oxygen species production in liver cells.
Researchers discovered that CBD and CBG can significantly reduce liver fat and improve metabolic health by creating a backup energy reserve and restoring cellular cleaning crews. These compounds also showed promising effects on treating metabolic diseases, including reducing body fat mass and improving insulin sensitivity.
A new study found that a diet with a lower ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids can make T cells more resilient and resistant to cell death. This discovery could potentially enhance vaccine protection and improve the success of cancer treatments.
Researchers investigated the therapeutic potential and molecular mechanisms of oxytocin in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Oxytocin attenuates lipid accumulation and accelerates lipid metabolism by regulating the AMPK/SREBP1c/FAS axis.
Scientists developed a compound that targets Liver X Receptor specifically in liver and gut to lower triglycerides. In first-in-human clinical trial, participants showed significant drops in triglycerides and remnant cholesterol after taking the drug.
Researchers have identified three new skin-protective compounds called oryzaceramides A, B, and C from rice bran by-products. These acylated glucosylceramides play a crucial role in maintaining epidermal integrity and demonstrate significant skin barrier-enhancing effects.
Researchers will investigate how HIV and cancer drugs damage brain cells over time, identifying potential early biomarkers of neurotoxicity. They will use human brain organoids grown in the lab to mimic brain physiology.
A controlled feeding study out of South Dakota State University shows that older adults who reduced ultra-processed foods naturally consumed fewer calories, lost weight and abdominal fat, and showed improvements in insulin sensitivity and inflammation. This study provides evidence that the Dietary Guidelines for Americans can deliver s...
Researchers elucidated the structure of GPR1 bound to chemerin and β-arrestin, revealing a dynamic transition from a pre-coupled state to a fully engaged state. The study sheds light on the molecular mechanism underlying arrestin-mediated modulation of non-canonical GPCRs.
Researchers developed a probe to visualize lipid breakdown in living cells, revealing differences in breakdown rates among individual droplets. The study found that an enzyme called ATGL drives these variations, which may contribute to abnormal lipid metabolism in liver cancer cells.
Research on leptin reveals its multifaceted roles in MAFLD, including regulation of energy balance and metabolism. Leptin therapy shows promise in rare cases of leptin deficiency but is largely ineffective in obesity-associated hyperleptinemia.
This review highlights SIRT1 as a key regulator in MASLD, orchestrating metabolic homeostasis, immune modulation, and inter-organ communication. SIRT1's therapeutic potential is supported by natural product activators and synthetic small-molecule compounds.
Researchers at University of Utah Health have found that AKI is triggered by ceramides, which cause serious injury by damaging kidney mitochondria. Using a backup drug candidate, the team was able to preserve mitochondrial integrity and prevent kidney injury in mice.
Researchers found that the leptin-SCD pathway fuels breast cancer growth and motility, leading to poorer recurrence-free survival. Selectively blocking SCD activity can counteract pro-tumorigenic effects driven by leptin, revealing a potential therapeutic target for obese patients.
Researchers identified a significant association between perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) exposure and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in adolescents. The study used advanced models to reveal PFHpA's role in disrupting biological pathways, leading to liver damage and inflammation.
A study published in Science Advances found that the ketogenic diet can have potentially dangerous impacts on metabolic health, including impaired blood sugar regulation and fatty liver disease. Mice fed the diet developed severe metabolic complications, with some changes starting within days.
Researchers identified key genes connected to cellular lipid metabolism that guide the precise release of cytotoxic granules in human NK and T cells. This discovery explains how immune cells work and sheds light on diseases caused by genetic defects.
Researchers identified a cellular mechanism that alters the gut microbiome in a way that promotes cancer. Long-chain fatty acids serve as food for certain bacteria, such as Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis, which multiply and displace other microbes.
A Chinese Medical Journal study reviews the association between lipid metabolism and Parkinson’s disease. The research highlights how lipid disruptions contribute to α-Syn aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation, suggesting lipids as a promising therapeutic target for PD.
A new study from MIT neuroscientists reveals how rare variants of the ABCA7 gene contribute to Alzheimer's risk by disrupting lipid metabolism and cell membrane function. Treating neurons with choline can reverse some cellular effects of ABCA7 loss.
Researchers at Salk Institute discover a new microprotein, SLC35A4-MP, that regulates mitochondrial structure and function in brown fat tissue. The study reveals the microprotein's role in maintaining healthy cellular metabolism and regulating body temperature.
The COVID-19 virus replicates using cellular machinery responsible for testosterone production, altering lipid metabolism and potentially leading to lower testosterone levels. This study reveals the mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 targets testicular cells, offering insights into male vulnerability to COVID-19.
A new study in The American Journal of Pathology reveals that perilipin 2 protein modulates aggressive cancer progression in advanced lung adenocarcinoma by regulating lipid droplet accumulation. High perilipin 2 expression is associated with more aggressive disease progression and shorter recurrence-free survival times.
Scientists from UC San Diego develop an artificial cell membrane that can remodel itself through metabolic activity, shedding light on how life may have emerged on prebiotic Earth. This breakthrough could lead to advancements in drug delivery, biomanufacturing and environmental remediation.
A recent study published in Nature Metabolism found that electrical activity in synapses can lead to the use of lipid droplets as an energy source in the brain. Researchers discovered that neurons can break down fat into fatty acids and produce ATP, even when glucose is not present.
Creatine has broad health benefits beyond athletic performance, including maintaining energy in stressed cells and preventing muscle loss with aging. Studies have shown no significant side effects from creatine supplementation, contradicting common misconceptions.
Researchers identified biomarkers like uric acid and bile acids as critical regulators of arterial stiffness and inflammation in adolescents with obesity. These findings provide new avenues for early intervention to prevent the progression of vascular stiffness and cardiovascular disease.
Researchers have identified a monoacylglycerol acyltransferase (MGAT)-coding gene named bishu-1 that maintains the expression level of thermal receptors and modulates cool temperature sensation and avoidance behavior. The discovery could promote the development of lipid-mediated treatments for maintaining thermosensation in humans.
Tumors exploit lipid metabolism to evade immune surveillance and manipulate the tumor microenvironment. Lipid metabolism-related molecules serve as potential biomarkers for early cancer detection and guide diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment decisions.
Researchers developed t-SPESI technology to visualize cell parts and analyze lipid distributions in complex biological samples. This enables the detection of abnormal lipids linked to disease, advancing therapies and diagnostic techniques.
Researchers found that MCT4 inhibition up-regulates genes involved in triglyceride and fatty acid synthesis, increasing intracellular lipid accumulation. Overexpression of MCT4 reduces lipid accumulation by down-regulating hepatic lipid metabolism-related genes.
This study found that inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 reduces liver ferroptosis and fibrosis by upregulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. COX-2 inhibition also restored antioxidant defenses in hepatocytes, reducing oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation.
SLC transporters contribute to the development of hepatic steatosis by regulating lipid metabolism, particularly with SLC2A2, GLUT4, and GLUT5. These proteins influence processes like de novo lipogenesis and insulin resistance in hepatocytes.
Researchers discovered that PanK4 plays a crucial role in regulating glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscles. The protein is activated by physical exercise and has potential as a target for treating metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes.
This study found that intermediate-term oral contraceptive use was associated with lower antioxidant levels and higher triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein levels. Regular monitoring of these parameters is recommended for OCP users to mitigate potential metabolic and hepatic effects.
A global team of scientists has made a groundbreaking discovery of a new skeletal tissue called lipocartilage, composed of fat-filled cells that provide super-stable internal support. This unique tissue has immense potential for treating facial defects, birth injuries, and cartilage-related conditions.
Researchers identified distinct metabolic profiles in skeletal muscle of Taoyuan Black pig compared to Duroc pig, with correlations to intramuscular fat content and lipid metabolism. The study provides insights into the muscle-adipose axis and potential targets for nutritional regulation.
This study investigates SOX9's role in MASH pathogenesis and explores its underlying mechanisms. SOX9 overexpression alleviates hepatic lipid accumulation by activating the AMPK pathway.
The study proposes a novel approach for simultaneous extraction of metabolites and lipids from zebrafish embryos to shed light on PFOS-induced neurotoxicity. The researchers found that sphingolipids are a reliable biomarker of PFOS-induced neurotoxicity, and the method can be expanded to various biomolecules.
Researchers discovered that the protein PIN1 drives bladder cancer by triggering cholesterol synthesis, which fuels out-of-control cell growth. A combination of statins and a PIN1 inhibitor effectively blocks tumor growth in mice, offering a promising therapeutic approach for this deadly disease.
The study found that both axolotls and fruit flies exhibit distinct lipid adjustments during regeneration, with males increasing circulating lipids and females storing lipids in the liver. Insulin signaling pathways play a crucial role in adapting lipid metabolism to meet the needs of cell proliferation.
A 48-week follow-up study found that TMF treatment did not significantly affect blood lipid profiles in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Lipid indices remained stable, regardless of baseline characteristics.
Researchers at Van Andel Institute discovered that cutting off cancer cells' access to fat makes them highly sensitive to ferroptosis and drugs that induce it. This finding has promising implications for developing new anti-cancer strategies and potentially tailoring diets to enhance treatment effectiveness.
MASLD's complex molecular mechanisms underpin fat accumulation and progression. Targeting lipid metabolism with GLP-1 agonists, FXR agonists, and CPMs holds promise for effective treatments.
A study from the University of Copenhagen detected lipid biomarkers in obese children that indicate a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, liver, and heart disease later in life. A one-year lifestyle intervention lowered these biomarkers, demonstrating the importance of early intervention for children with obesity.
A study by Kumamoto University researchers reveals that ApoE plays a crucial role in promoting hematopoietic stem cells to produce more red blood cells in response to acute anemia. This mechanism differs from the previously known pathway and may pave the way for new treatments for patients with severe anemia.
Scientists have created a new chemical probe to visualize the distribution of sphingomyelin and its degradation by sphingomyelinase during infections. The researchers observed increased metabolization of sphingomyelin molecules during Chlamydia infection, paving the way for targeted strategies against infectious diseases.
Scientists have developed a new compound, ZTA-261, which selectively binds to the thyroid hormone receptor beta (THRβ) to treat lipid disorders. Mice administered the drug showed decreased lipid levels in the liver and blood with fewer side effects compared to existing compounds.