Articles tagged with Nutrients
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study led by Harvard School of Public Health finds that elevated CO2 concentrations will significantly reduce zinc and iron concentrations in crops providing a large share of the global population's dietary intake. The reduction poses a major health threat, with an estimated loss of 63 million life years annually from malnutrition.
Recent 'rock snot' blooms are caused by native Didymosphenia geminata responding to changing conditions, not human introductions or new genetic strain. Climate change and environmental factors trigger the blooms.
A recent NHANES analysis reveals that children aged 1-3 years do not consume adequate amounts of key nutrients. The study recommends increasing the intake of potatoes as a rich source of potassium and dietary fiber to address these nutrient gaps.
A new study by Lars Fändriks and Herbert Helander reveals the inner surface area of the gastro-intestinal tract in healthy adults is between 30-40 square meters. This is significantly smaller than previous estimates, which ranged from 180 to 300 square meters.
Researchers at LMU München develop a mathematical model that shows how Bacillus subtilis populations benefit from balancing growth and migration. By doing so, they adapt to changing environments more effectively than specialized bacteria.
A new study found that forests growing in fertile soils with ample nutrients can sequester up to 30% of the carbon they take up during photosynthesis. In contrast, nutrient-poor forests retain only 6% of that carbon, which is released back into the atmosphere as respiration.
Researchers found that deforestation has minimal effects on muddy clay-like soils, but dramatically alters microbial communities in sandy soils, leading to increased carbon loss and potential for exaggerating global warming. This discovery could inform land management practices prioritizing the conservation of biodiversity and sequestr...
Researchers from Aarhus University and Lund University found that nutrients from land are the main cause of widespread oxygen depletion in the Baltic Sea. The areas affected have increased drastically over the past century, harming marine life and ecosystem balance.
Researchers measured fruit fly food consumption using radioisotope labeling and paired it with the capillary feeder assay to achieve the most accurate measurements. The team's findings provide a best practices guide for nutrition measurement in studies of metabolism and disease.
Researchers at UNSW Australia propose that very low nutrient diets may extend lifespan in laboratory animals by increasing cellular recycling and repair mechanisms. This effect could potentially lead to longer, healthier lives for humans through a better understanding of these cellular recycling mechanisms.
A worldwide study found that grazing animals can improve biodiversity in over-fertilized grasslands by allowing native plants to compete for sunlight. The study, which analyzed data from 40 sites across six continents, suggests that the removal of fertilizer and introduction of grazing animals can lead to increased plant diversity.
Researchers found that when herbivores increased the amount of light reaching the ground through vegetation removal, plant species diversity increased on both fertilized and unfertilized plots across six continents. The study suggests that nutrient availability and grazing can have a positive impact on grassland biodiversity.
A new study by Dr Pierre Durand and colleagues found that programmed cell death in single-celled algae benefits the organism's relatives, releasing nutrients that inhibit growth of non-relatives.
Coral reefs face declining health due to nutrient pollution. Scientists emphasize that too many nutrients can harm corals more than a lack of them. Understanding nutrient competition is crucial for developing effective management strategies.
Researchers clear up mystery of bowel movement, finding that segmentation motion occurs when two sets of pacemakers interact to create a specific rhythm. This discovery provides direction for developing drugs or nutrients to combat disorders like diarrhea and constipation.
Thomas Cullen's research found evidence of sexual dimorphism in seals between 20-27 million years ago, suggesting that early pinnipeds formed harems. This discovery sheds light on the history of pinnipeds and has major implications for the future of the species due to climate change.
Researchers at Grand Valley State University found a link between zebra mussels and increased risk of algae blooms in Muskegon Lake and Bear Lake. The invasive mussels stimulate nutrient releases, while native chironomids increase oxygen levels, making the lakes more prone to toxic blooms.
NASA detects widespread agricultural fires in Ecuador on December 3, 2013. The fires were likely set to manage land and clear unwanted plants, producing smoke that degrades air quality.
A three-year experiment found that elevated levels of nitrogen and phosphorus lead to double the prevalence of disease and tripled bleaching. However, corals recovered rapidly once pollution was stopped.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg discovered that intestinal bacteria regulate food transit time, controlling nutrient absorption. The hormone GLP-1 plays a key role in this process, influencing appetite control and insulin secretion.
A German-Peruvian science team found that ocean eddies play a crucial role in distributing oxygen and nutrients in the oxygen minimum zones. This discovery helps improve model computations to predict future expansions of low-oxygen areas in the ocean, addressing the threat of ocean de-oxygenation.
The buffaloberry contains high amounts of lycopene and methyl-lycopenoate, making it an excellent source of antioxidants and nutrients. The fruit is also being considered as a natural food colorant and has potential applications in commercial wine production.
University of Illinois researchers suggest a partnership between farmers and scientists to develop effective practices for reducing nitrogen and phosphorus losses from agricultural fields. The goal is to find widespread regional acceptance and reduce the size of the hypoxic zone in the Gulf of Mexico.
The productivity of many lands has been dramatically reduced due to soil erosion, salinity accumulation, and nutrient depletion. A sustainable approach to agriculture is needed to maintain soil fertility and address climate change and biodiversity loss.
Whitehead Institute scientists report that the FLCN protein acts as a trigger to activate the mTORC1 pathway, which regulates cell growth in response to nutrient levels. This unexpected finding may provide insight into how cancer cells distort normal cellular functions to maintain their own harmful ways.
A study published in Nature finds that climate change could lead to a decline in plant production due to changes in soil nutrients. As drylands become drier, the imbalance of essential nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus may affect crop growth, livestock forage, and fuel production.
The Gulf of Mexico's dead zone is exacerbated by excessive nutrient runoff from US agricultural practices. Experts recommend adopting cover crops and subsurface drainage systems to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus export. Despite potential challenges, implementing these practices could mitigate the problem.
A new study reveals that microscopic suspension feeders overcome physical constraints by changing their angle relative to surfaces, maximizing access to fresh water and filtering the surrounding water. These tiny organisms filter up to 25% of seawater daily, making them essential for aquatic ecosystems.
Biologists have developed a new technique to determine if seagrasses contain sulfur, indicating stressed seabeds. This method reveals the health state of plants, aiding restoration efforts for lost or diminished seagrass meadows.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have found that a specific diet immediately before spawning significantly impacts the fatty acid content of red drum eggs. This discovery could lead to improved survival rates and reduced resource usage in fish farming, benefiting both the environment and the state of Texas.
Researchers developed a high-throughput assay to track cell growth at low nutrient concentrations, revealing metabolic differences among cells of the same strain in the same environment. The study also found significant genetic variation in Sherpa populations' mitochondrial genomes, suggesting an adaptation for low oxygen environments.
Researchers discovered that the Earth's cyclic wobble affects the production of fixed nitrogen, a nutrient crucial for marine organisms. The study reveals that precession-driven upwelling brings nitrogen-poor water to the surface, where blue-green algae convert it into biologically usable forms.
Researchers applied simple math to a long-studied biological process, finding that catabolite repression is controlled by the difference between glucose and other essential nutrients. This discovery demonstrates the power of quantitative biology in elucidating complex biological processes.
A large Gulf of Mexico oxygen-free 'dead' zone was found to be 5,840 square miles in size, larger than expected but smaller than predicted. This year's measurement highlights the continued effects of nutrient pollution from agricultural and human activities in the Mississippi River watershed.
Researchers found that a transient 'perfect storm' of nutrients and light led to the brief bloom of phytoplankton 14,000 years ago. The study resolves conflicting ideas about the relationship between iron and biological productivity in the North Pacific, with implications for geo-engineering efforts to curb climate change.
Plants with thinner roots show natural variation in cortical cell number, reducing energetic cost of soil exploration and increasing rooting depth. This trait could lead to improved seed production for agriculture, maintaining high yields in drought-prone regions.
Chinese agriculture's remarkable success in feeding the world's population comes with significant environmental costs. Massive losses of nutrients pollute streams, rivers, soil, and air, while CAFOs drive global resource consumption. Efforts to shift focus towards food security, efficient use of resources, and environmental protection ...
A new approach to getting kids to eat their veggies involves teaching them a conceptual framework for nutrition, which encourages understanding of why eating a variety of foods is ideal and increases vegetable consumption. The study found that preschoolers who were taught about nutrition showed more knowledge about nutrition and increa...
Researchers confirm their 2008 model for mitochondrial function, which explains the symptoms of diseases and reveals the role of five molecular machines in converting energy. The study also highlights the dynamic nature of mitochondrial energy extraction, which can be optimized based on dietary composition.
The University of Michigan ecologist predicts a very large and potentially record-setting 2013 Gulf of Mexico 'dead zone,' expected to be between 7,286 and 8,561 square miles. This would be roughly equivalent to the size of Connecticut, Rhode Island, and the District of Columbia combined.
The NOAA is predicting a record-setting deadzone in the Gulf of Mexico, spanning between 7,286 and 8,561 square miles. This would be among the largest ever recorded, potentially affecting commercially important fisheries and the regional economy.
Female southern bottletail squid consume male ejaculates, using nutrients for egg growth, and target larger females to minimize consumption. This strategic behavior affects males' chances of fertilizing eggs.
Oceanic oxygen levels decrease as ice sheets melt, leading to accelerated denitrification and a shift in the ocean's nitrogen cycle. Phytoplankton growth and productivity are affected, potentially altering atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations.
Researchers discovered a mutualistic relationship between ants and carnivorous pitcher plants, where ants help prevent nutrient loss to flies. The study found that ant colonies increase plant growth and capture efficiency by hunting mosquito larvae, demonstrating a novel type of nutritional interaction.
A compound found in plant-based foods like parsley and celery has been shown to re-educate cancer cells into normal cells, making them more susceptible to death. The study, led by Ohio State University researchers, suggests that apigenin can restore normal gene regulation, leading to increased cell death rates among breast cancer cells.
A new journal supplement highlights the nutritional benefits of white vegetables, debunking the myth that they are less nutritious than their colorful counterparts. Key findings include a substantial body of evidence demonstrating how white vegetables contribute important amounts of essential shortfall nutrients to the American diet.
Researchers at EPFL discover that corals depend strongly on algae to extract nutrients from the water. The algae temporarily store nitrogen in the form of uric acid crystals, building up reserves for times when supplies run low. This symbiotic relationship is crucial for coral survival in nutrient-poor environments.
A study evaluating restaurant meal nutrition found that breakfast, lunch, and dinner options were high in calories (56% of daily recommendation), fat (89%), and sodium (151% of recommended daily intake). The research highlights the need for public health initiatives to address nutritional profiles in restaurant meals.
Hundreds of deliberate fires were detected in Guerrero, Oaxaca, Michoacan, Colima, and Jalisco regions. The fires are managed by farmers to clear land and enhance crops, but also produce smoke degrading air quality.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have found that the ATP7A gene is essential for copper absorption, leading to a better understanding of Menkes disease. The study used laboratory mice and discovered that the gene's absence can lead to copper deficiency symptoms similar to those seen in children with the disease.
Food and nutrition scientists highlight white vegetables' nutritional value, citing gaps in data on nutrient intakes and health outcomes. Presenters discuss the importance of potatoes, carbohydrates, and magnesium in a well-balanced diet.
A global-scale modeling study finds that carbon emissions from human activities on land were 40% higher in the 1990s due to nitrogen's limiting effect on plant growth. This underestimation has significant implications for international policy, requiring deeper emission cuts to meet mitigation targets.
Researchers found that high amounts of nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, and sulfur are needed for modern corn hybrids, with applications made during key growth stages to maximize crop growth. Adequate accounting for nutrients with high harvest index values is vital to maintaining long-term soil productivity.
A multi-author review paper reviews ocean nutrient patterns and interactions, highlighting their influence on climate by fuelling biological production. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding nutrient cycles in predicting future environmental changes.
A record-breaking algae bloom in Lake Erie was triggered by a combination of long-term agricultural practices and extreme weather events. The researchers predict that future blooms will be even more severe unless agricultural policies are revised to reduce nutrient runoff.
A research team led by Anna Michalak found that the 2011 record-breaking algal bloom in Lake Erie was triggered by long-term agricultural practices combined with extreme precipitation, weak lake circulation, and warm temperatures. The team predicts future mega-blooms unless scientifically guided management plans are implemented.
A study in Montana found that grazing sheep during fallow seasons can improve soil chemistry, increasing calcium, sulfur, and electrical conductivity. Grazing also had no negative effects on soil organic matter and crop yields, with the sheep returning phosphorus and potassium to the soil through their feces and urine.
A new study by North Carolina State University and NOAA found that harmful algal blooms in the Gulf of Mexico become two to seven times more toxic when phosphorus levels are low. This increased toxicity allows the algae to defend themselves against grazing zooplankton, posing a threat to human health and ecosystem.
Researchers found that the brain prioritizes neural diversity over number of neurons when faced with limited nutrients, a strategy essential for survival. This discovery may have implications for understanding human brain development and addressing intrauterine growth restriction.
The Dynamic Gastric Model simulates human stomach processes accurately, enabling drug and food testing. A new £900k project will refine the model to predict nutrient and drug availability in humans.