Articles tagged with Pheromones
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Researchers have discovered that young bedbug nymphs release aldehyde pheromones to signal to males that they should look elsewhere, providing a new insight into the chemical communication system of bed bugs. This finding may lead to the development of mating disruption techniques to decrease bed bug populations.
Researchers found that apathetic aphids, accustomed to ignoring pheromone alarms, are more vulnerable to ladybug attacks. This study provides a potential strategy for increasing the effectiveness of aphid predators in crop protection.
Researchers identify pheromone blend that prevents termites from becoming queens, balancing colony population. The discovery reveals crucial role of chemical compounds in regulating termite castes, advancing understanding of insect social behavior and colony management.
Researchers have identified a key component of the female pear psylla's pheromone, which could be used to lure males onto sticky traps or disrupt their mating. This compound, 13 methyl heptacosane, may reduce reliance on insecticides and help mitigate resistance.
Scientists at Max Planck Institute have identified a gene controlling the difference in sex pheromone production between two European Corn Borer races, E and Z. The study found that this genetic variation leads to reproductive isolation, potentially marking the beginning of new species evolution.
Mark Hoddle, a UC Riverside entomologist, is searching for invasive pests that could threaten California's $320 million avocado industry. He has already collected over 300 pest-infected avocados from Peru and is working to identify natural enemies.
Scientists have identified a key pheromone, darcin, responsible for male mouse 'sex appeal.' This chemical stimulates females to remember individual males and prefer them over others. By understanding the role of darcin, researchers may develop new methods for pest control and gain insights into animal behavior.
A team of researchers from the University of Liverpool identified a male pheromone called darcin, which attracts females and is responsible for learned preference for specific males in mice. Darcin consistently doubled the time spent near a male's scent and was shown to stimulate female memory and attraction.
Scientists discover that a small genetic change controls the response to pheromones in moths, allowing males to find female mates of their own species. This finding sheds light on the evolution of sexual communication and speciation in moths.
Researchers found that chloride channels amplify signal transduction in mouse vomeronasal sensory neurons, increasing responsiveness to pheromones and odorants. The study used patch clamp recordings and whole cell recordings to demonstrate the critical role of chloride in this process.
Researchers identify pheromone-detecting neurons in the fly's antenna that promote aggression, leading to increased fighting among males. The discovery provides insight into how aggression is hardwired into the brain by an animal's genes.
A University of Toronto study found that genetically eliminating certain pheromones triggered a surge in fruit flies' libido, leading to same-sex and interspecies mating. The research suggests a link between sex, species recognition, and chemical signals in fly behavior.
Researchers at Rothamsted Research and Birkbeck University use Diamond Light Source's X-rays to unravel the mechanisms linked to pheromone detection in silkworm moths. This breakthrough has significant implications for developing new eco-friendly pest control methods, which could also benefit biosensors and detect explosives.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School discovered a new pheromone in male fruit flies that repels females for at least a week. The compound, named CH503, was found to act as an anti-aphrodisiac, inhibiting courtship in males and explaining the long-lasting mating behaviors observed in fruit flies.
Researchers found that combining bed bugs' alarm pheromones with desiccant dusts made treatment more effective at killing the bugs. The blend of two pheromones applied in concert with a silica gel desiccant dust proved to be the most lethal combination.
A study by Jean-Marc Lassance and Christer Löfstedt found that female moths can distinguish between males of different ancestries and reproductive fitness based on their pheromone composition. This ability allows females to select mates that are more likely to produce offspring with the same genetic makeup, driving species formation.
Researchers at Michigan State University have successfully lured lovesick lampreys to traps using a synthetic chemical version of the pheromones used by males to attract females. The pheromone, called 3kPZS, is potent and only requires tiny concentrations to be effective.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London discovered that bumblebees use flower scent to guide their nest-mates to good food sources. The bees learned the most from demonstrations by other bees bringing back scent, but also gained knowledge when the anise odour entered the nest.
Scientists have discovered that bumblebees choose whether to search for food according to how stocked their nests are. The team used RFID technology to track the activity of bees in the lab and found that colonies with low food reserves had a stronger response to pheromones, leading to more worker bees becoming active.
Researchers created inexpensive blends of pheromones to detect and estimate the population size of invasive pest cerambycid beetles. They identified over 30 species and found reliable characteristics to determine if a new invader uses attractant pheromones.
Researchers found that fruit flies can dampen their response to intense smells to prevent overload, using a feedback mechanism to navigate the olfactory landscape. This adaptation allows flies to detect subtle changes in odor concentrations and track pheromones, enabling them to find mates.
Scientists have discovered the first mating pheromone in Caenorhabditis elegans, a tiny worm that sends signals to mate or hibernate. The newly found compound changes its behavior depending on concentration levels, affecting both reproductive and survival traits.
Researchers discovered that a family of ascarosides controls both sexual attraction and long-lived dauer larva stages in C. elegans worms. This finding represents the first direct link between reproduction and lifespan through small molecules.
Male fruit flies lacking the Gr32a gene become confused in matters of love, attempting sex with other males and females who have already mated. This study reveals the critical role of pheromone signals in determining mating status.
Researchers at UC Davis have isolated and expressed a pheromone-degrading enzyme in the Japanese beetle, which could lead to more effective pest control methods. By degrading pheromones, males may be unable to detect females and reproduce.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered a novel pheromone detection mechanism in fruit flies, where the pheromone docks onto LUSH protein before activating nerve cells. This finding may lead to developing compounds that block pheromone action, controlling pest behavior.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine discovered steroids in female mouse urine activate nerve cells in male mice' noses with unprecedented effectiveness. The compounds, known as glucocorticoids (GCCs), are involved in energy metabolism, stress and immune function.
The Yu Lab's large-scale imaging experiments found that neurons encode specific ways to identify animals based on gender, reproductive status, and genetic background. This research sheds light on how the nervous system processes sensory information to generate meaningful perception and behavioral output.
In a study published in PLOS Computational Biology, researchers demonstrated the application of the efficient coding principle to the sense of smell in male moths. They found that olfactory neurons process stimuli that occur most frequently, optimizing the detection of pheromone molecules.
Researchers found that dominant males store more urine, urinate more frequently, and have stronger-smelling urine than subordinate males. This study sheds light on the role of urine pheromones in influencing same-sex behavior in Mozambique tilapia.
Researchers identified specific chemical compounds that triggered aggressive behavior in male mice, shedding light on the neurological basis of behaviors. The study focused on high molecular weight proteins, which were found to activate sensory neurons in the vomeronasal organ, mediating aggressive responses.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute and Harvard University discovered a family of proteins in mouse urine that elicit aggression response in males. The protein family, comprising the major urinary protein (MUP) complex, is recognized exclusively in the vomeronasal organ and activates specific sensory receptor neurons.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have discovered a new accessory protein called SNMP that plays a crucial role in detecting pheromones. The study reveals that SNMP is essential for neurons to respond to these invisible communication signals, which are involved in behaviors such as recognizing siblings and courting mates.
Research finds that honey bee queens who mate with multiple drones are more attractive to worker bees, leading to longer reigns. Pheromone composition changes after mating, with more multiply inseminated queens exhibiting stronger retinue response.
Researchers investigate the role of pheromones in the mating patterns of European corn borer, finding that overall genetic relatedness is a stronger predictor of mate compatibility than pheromone type. This challenges previous assumptions about the importance of pheromone divergence in speciation.
A new study by UC Berkeley scientists finds that male sweat contains a chemical called androstadienone, which increases cortisol levels and affects women's hormonal balance. The study suggests that inhaling this chemical could be used to raise cortisol levels in patients with diseases like Addison's disease.
Researchers at UC Davis have successfully engineered fruit flies to respond to the scent of silkworm moths, a breakthrough that could lead to designing better chemicals to attract insects. The findings have important implications for agricultural pest control and medical entomology, with potential applications in suppressing insect com...
Researchers found that a mammary pheromone in mother's milk facilitates newborns' ability to quickly associate environmental odors with the opportunity to nurse. This learning is efficient from birth and promotes essential skills like suckling instincts.
Chemical cues from fathers may be delaying the onset of sexual maturity in daughters as part of an evolutionary strategy to prevent inbreeding. Researchers found that girls without fathers matured approximately three months before those whose fathers were present, with urban environments also linked to earlier menarche.
Researchers found that male Asian elephants release different enantiomer ratios of frontalin, a pheromone, depending on their age and stage of musth. These ratios elicit varying responses in female elephants and other males, allowing them to distinguish maturity and reproductive phase.
Researchers found that almost all neurons feeding into the LHRH-making region of the hypothalamus originated in the mouse nose. Mice with compromised olfactory function show dramatically impaired mating behavior, highlighting the essential role of olfactory activity in eliciting male mating behavior.
Scientists used a genetically altered virus to trace connections between olfactory neurons and LHRH-producing neurons in mice. They found that the main olfactory epithelium sends signals to LHRH neurons, controlling puberty, ovulation, and testosterone production. The study challenges traditional views on pheromone communication systems.
Studies reveal neural circuits coordinating a complex interplay between neurons controlling reproduction and areas processing odorant molecules and pheromones. GnRH neurons are found to send signals to both olfactory and vomeronasal systems, influencing the processing of sensory information depending on reproductive circumstances.
Three finalists, Pingxi Xu, Justin Blau, Paul Frankland, and Johanna Montgomery, have made significant contributions to understanding insect behavior through pheromone signaling. Their research has the potential to develop sustainable methods of pest control and improve human health by preventing disease.
Researchers find mouse songs have syllabic diversity and temporal regularity, similar to birdsong, but with less complexity. The study adds mice to the list of creatures that sing during courtship, paving the way for future investigation into mouse vocalizations in wild populations.
A synthetic pheromone has been found to effectively control Great Lakes lamprey populations by attracting them to traps and sterilizing males. The pheromone, PADS, was isolated after 15 years of research and is expected to be environmentally friendly and less expensive than current methods.
University researchers have discovered a key gene in the monoterpene biosynthesis of bark beetles, which could lead to new methods to disrupt aggregation pheromone production. This breakthrough may help control devastating insect infestations such as those affecting Lake Tahoe and Western forests.
Researchers found that alarm pheromone triggers aphids to produce winged offspring and leave their host plant. Applying pulses of alarm pheromone could help reduce damage caused by aphid infestations in European fields.
Researchers found that Drosophila males can be trained to avoid certain female pheromones associated with past failures in mating. This study demonstrates a complex learning mechanism involving hydrocarbon olfactory cues and memory consolidation.
A team of researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center has discovered the biochemical mechanism by which insects detect pheromones. They found that a specific protein, called an olfactory binding protein, is essential for translating pheromone signals into behavioral responses.
Researchers at Michigan State University have identified a new pheromone that regulates the behavioral maturation of honey bees, keeping younger nurse bees in check until they are more mature. This discovery sheds light on the complex social dynamics within bee colonies and how older forager bees exert influence over younger bees.
A team of researchers at the University of Chicago found a chemosignal in breastfeeding compounds that encourages women's sexual desire. Women with regular partners experienced a 24% increase in sexual desire after two months of exposure, while those without partners saw a 17% boost in sexual fantasies.
Researchers have discovered that serum albumin in Asian elephants plays a crucial role in transporting sex pheromones. The protein helps protect and extend the detection period of the pheromone, allowing successful mating to occur. This unique transport system is distinct from other mammalian pheromone transport systems.
A team of scientists has identified an enzyme called CYP4AW1 that breaks down insect pheromones, allowing for the development of targeted treatments to prevent agricultural pests from breeding. By blocking this enzyme with a specific chemical, researchers may be able to disrupt the communication between insects and prevent infestations.
Researchers alter a single gene in fruit flies to adapt them to different environments, resulting in distinct pheromones that influence mating behavior. The change leads to potential sexual isolation, a crucial step in the emergence of a new species.
Researchers found that odor working memory is impaired by aging, while semantic memory remains relatively intact. The study suggests that different brain regions handle working and semantic memory, which may explain why odors are more vulnerable to age-related decline.
Researchers at Duke University have discovered a fruit fly pheromone receptor that plays a crucial role in courtship and mating. The study found that male flies lacking this receptor struggle to recognize females and initiate successful matings.
Research by University of Michigan biologist Jianzhi Zhang found that humans lost pheromone signals after a gene duplication event around 23 million years ago. This duplication allowed for the development of color vision, making pheromones unnecessary as a channel for sexual signaling.
Researchers found that female participants experienced reduced tension and increased relaxation when exposed to pheromones from male underarm secretions. The study also showed a shift in blood levels of luteinizing hormone, with the onset of smaller pulses shortened by an average of 20 percent.
Researchers discovered that MHC proteins, including M10, play a crucial role in detecting and modulating pheromone activity in mice. The findings suggest that these proteins may act as escorts for pheromone receptors, allowing them to reach the surface of neurons where chemical reception takes place.