Articles tagged with Plant Proteins
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A study by VBI Professor Brett Tyler and colleagues reveals that the Avr1b virulence protein in Phytophthora sojae suppresses programmed cell death in plants, disabling their immune systems. This finding has significant implications for understanding plant-pathogen interactions and developing effective disease management strategies.
Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered that specific structural parts of a viroid are responsible for its multiplication and spread in plants. The study's findings could lead to the development of genetic alterations to prevent viroid infection, with potential applications in human virus research.
A DASH-style diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains may lower the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke. Higher scores on the DASH diet were associated with lower levels of inflammation markers, suggesting a potential benefit for cardiovascular health.
Researchers at NC State University have identified a small group of genes responsible for regulating hormone production in plants. The study found that the TAA1 gene is essential for auxin synthesis and that its disruption can lead to reduced auxin levels, affecting plant growth and development.
A research team has identified a massive superfamily of genes in plant pathogens that manipulate plant cells to facilitate infection. This discovery could lead to new strategies for protecting crops from devastating diseases.
Researchers at Ohio State University have identified a key gene, SUN, controlling the elongated shape of tomatoes. This discovery sheds light on the genetic basis of fruit shape variation in various crops, including peppers and cucumbers.
Researchers at Purdue University have discovered a biochemical pathway in plants that determines cell shape and size. By understanding this pathway, scientists may be able to engineer plants with improved properties for biofuel production, such as more massive cell walls.
Researchers at the Salk Institute discovered a six-amino acid protein sequence, EAR domain, which ensures plants are neither all root nor all shoot. The study clarifies the purpose of the EAR motif and explains how mutations in TOPLESS gene can switch plant cell's fate from shoot to root.
Researchers found that Argentine ants' ability to switch from carnivorous to plant sap-loving creatures allowed them to rapidly spread throughout coastal California. The change in diet enabled the ants to thrive in irrigated residential communities where more plant material than insect protein is available.
The study revealed that Rhesus protein is made by a bacterium, Nitrosomonas europaea, and determined its first X-ray crystal structure at high resolution. This provides important insights into how these proteins facilitate ammonium movement across cell membranes in humans.
University of Illinois researchers successfully simulated every step of the photosynthetic process using a computer model that mimics evolution. The new findings suggest that by rearranging the investment of nitrogen, they can almost double efficiency in plants. This could lead to increased crop yields and improved plant productivity.
The study reveals that f and m type plant thioredoxins are not only localized to chloroplasts but also found in nonphotosynthetic tissues such as stems, leaves, roots, and flowers. These findings suggest new roles for these proteins in cell division, germination, and plant reproduction.
Researchers have sequenced the genome of Chlamydomonas, a tiny green alga with approximately 15,000 genes. The study provides new insights into human diseases associated with cilia dysfunction, as well as photosynthesis and metabolic processes.
A team of researchers discovered a key protein in plants that creates drug resistance and is similar to proteins found in humans. This finding could help uncover new factors contributing to variable drug responses in humans and advance the understanding of drug sensitivity.
Scientists develop purification process to recover recombinant gelatin from transgenic corn, addressing concerns over infectious agents and traceability. The method uses chromatographic and filtration techniques to achieve high purity, opening up new possibilities for plant-based protein production.
Researchers found that 97.9% of white rice is derived from a single gene mutation in the Japonica subspecies, while the remaining 2.1% comes from independent mutations in other subspecies. The mutation affects grain color by activating the molecular pathway for rice seed development.
Scientists at VIB have discovered a new control system that helps plants cope with stress by containing energy consumption and mobilizing reserves. This finding may be valuable beyond plants, as the proteins involved are also found in mammals and could play a role in understanding disorders such as diabetes and cancer.
Researchers genetically modified a plant to halt reproduction of cauliflower mosaic virus, which attacks the same protein complex used by HIV. The plant's protein complex involves two genes that can be blocked to prevent viral replication.
Researchers describe a single bacterial protein, AvrPtoB, that can overcome plant defenses and evade immune response. The study suggests that the evolution of this protein is an example of the 'arms race' between pathogens and plants.
Researchers at Michigan State University have discovered how a major plant hormone works to defend plants against insects and pathogens. The study reveals that the hormone jasmonate triggers direct interaction between JAZ proteins and a second protein complex, SCFCOI1, to activate defense responses.
Researchers at the University of Missouri-Columbia made a groundbreaking discovery in the molecular mechanisms of phototropism, which is crucial for plant growth towards or away from light. The study focused on the protein NPH3 and its phosphorylation, finding that it plays a key role in regulating phototropic signaling.
The project aims to identify protein-protein interactions associated with biomass production in poplar wood, which could make large-scale production more economically feasible. Researchers will use genomics and computational biology techniques to study the molecular biology of poplar cell wall-related biomass production.
Researchers have identified the FT protein as a key player in signaling flowering in squash plants, using an obligate short-day plant system. The study provides strong evidence that FT protein acts as a florigenic signal, and its presence in the phloem sap of flowering plants supports this conclusion.
Corn-based ethanol faces environmental and economic challenges, prompting scientists to explore cellulose as an alternative. Researchers at Cornell University have discovered a class of plant enzymes that can improve the efficiency of cellulose degradation, potentially making biofuel production more cost-effective.
Researchers have identified a key gene, PUB8, that regulates the expression of SRK and SCR genes, crucial for self-incompatibility in plants like Arabidopsis. This finding may enable the development of hybrid seeds and improve crop yields.
A team of scientists has discovered a key mechanism by which plant proteins, Scarecrow and Short-root, regulate water and nutrient uptake in plants. This complex system ensures that plants can control the amount of water and nutrients they take in through their roots, enabling them to thrive in various environments.
Researchers at Imperial College London discovered that a protein called Flowering Locus T Protein (FT) plays a crucial role in plant flowering. The FT protein travels from leaves to the shoot apex, triggering the production of genes that cause flowers to bloom.
The Scripps Research Institute study provides new evidence that Nod1, a key player in the human immune system, shares similarities with plant Resistance proteins. These proteins protect plants from various pathogens, revealing a common regulatory pathway between humans and plants.
Researchers have discovered that enhancing glyoxalase 1 levels can decrease glycation damage and extend lifespan in nematodes. The enzyme also protects proteins against oxidation and nitration, promoting healthy aging
Researchers at the Salk Institute discovered that GUN1, a nuclear-encoded protein, plays a crucial role in transmitting distress signals from damaged chloroplasts to the nucleus, triggering a shutdown of photosynthetic genes. This finding sheds light on the complex communication between organelles and the nucleus.
Fluorescence microscopy reveals how antifreeze proteins protect insect cells from freezing, providing insights into their hyperactive properties. The study also explores potential applications in medical transplants, frostbite prevention, and agricultural protection.
The Biodesign Institute is working on a $2.67 million NIH grant to develop antidotes for nerve agent poisoning. The project aims to create 'next-generation' bioscavengers using human enzymes and plant-based production methods.
The latest issue of Cold Spring Harbor Protocols provides guidance on choosing plant tissues, designing test proteins, and setting up microscope equipment to detect green fluorescent protein (GFP) in plants. This information is essential for researchers interested in plant biology and imaging technologies.
Researchers have successfully produced proteins that resemble antibodies in plant seeds, demonstrating their potential for therapeutic and diagnostic applications. The antibody variants are just as active as whole antibodies and can be used in medical applications, with advantages including high production capacity and timely processing.
Cottonseed with reduced gossypol levels has been developed by Texas researchers, meeting World Health Organization and FDA standards for food consumption. This breakthrough could provide a new high-protein food source for 500 million people annually.
An international team of researchers has identified genes in Ustilago maydis that help the fungus live at its host plant's expense without killing it. The findings could lead to new ways to combat this fungus, which affects maize and other crops worldwide.
The genome sequences of Phytophthora ramorum and Phytophthora sojae reveal a recent expansion and diversification of deadly genes, suggesting a benign photosynthetic ancestor. The sequences also indicate a rapidly evolving secretome involved in plant infection mechanisms.
Researchers at Iowa State University are developing a male sterile corn variety that carries a transgene to produce biopharmaceuticals, which can be grown in states without risk of pollinating traditional crops. The new variety could help control pollen movement and ensure safe production of pharmaceuticals.
Researchers found that malaria and potato famine pathogens use similar protein sequences to infect cells, but deliver different toxic proteins. This discovery could lead to the development of a dual-purpose drug targeting both Plasmodium falciparum and Phytophthora infestans.
Merchant identified a critical protein molecule that measures copper levels and responds to its presence in green algae, shedding light on the adaptive mechanisms of life. Her research has implications for human nutrition and may reveal new strategies for allocating essential nutrients.
A team of researchers at Duke University has discovered ankyrin repeats, a common protein motif found in humans and other organisms, which exhibit unprecedented elastic properties. The nanometer-sized 'nanosprings' display linear elasticity and can self-repair after repeated stretching.
Researchers discovered a bacterial protein that mimics a plant cell's programmed cell death (PCD) mechanism, rendering the pathogen harmless. The study sheds light on immunity and offers potential applications in controlling crop and human diseases.
Scientists study flatworms to understand how adult stem cells regenerate tissues, finding key genes involved in the process. Researchers discovered that a specific gene, piwi, plays a crucial role in producing daughter cells capable of restoring damaged tissues.
Researchers from Purdue University and Kyoto University have discovered a plant gene that helps explain why human cells reject chemotherapy drugs. The gene, related to multi-drug resistant proteins in humans, moves a plant growth hormone into cells, suggesting a new approach to reducing drug dosages for cancer patients.
Researchers found a double line of defence in plants, with PEN2 enzyme releasing fungicidal substances and another mechanism involving EDS1, PAD4 and SAG101 proteins. This multi-step defence system is crucial for plant durability against parasite attacks.
Researchers have obtained the crystal structure of phytochrome, a protein that regulates plant growth and development in response to light. The discovery may lead to precise control over flowering events and improved crop yields.
A new study from Johns Hopkins Medicine found that replacing carbohydrates with protein-rich foods or monounsaturated fats reduces the risk of heart disease. The study, which lasted three years, involved 164 healthy adults who followed one of three diets: high in carbohydrate, high in protein, or high in monounsaturated fat.
Researchers at Oregon State University have identified a protein that can cross plant cell membranes and function as a toxin, allowing for potential manipulation of plant behavior. The discovery bears similarity to mammalian cell function and may lead to new tools for delivering compounds inside plant cells.
Researchers at Temple University School of Medicine have discovered a novel protein, p27SJ, extracted from St. John's Wort that suppresses HIV-1 gene expression and inhibits its replication. The study reveals that the protein interacts with both cellular proteins and viral proteins to block viral replication.
Researchers have identified two protein kinases, STN7 and STN8, responsible for regulating short-term and long-term adaptations in plant photosynthesis. The discovery provides new insights into the regulation of photosynthetic proteins and has significant implications for understanding plant adaptation to changing light conditions.
Scientists have discovered that P-bodies play a crucial role in regulating the translation of mRNA molecules into proteins. The study found that P-bodies can store and recondition pre-used mRNA molecules, allowing cells to control protein production. This new understanding may provide insights into diseases like cancer.
Daniel Gallie's research doubles protein content of corn grain, increasing its value for producers and providing a nutritious source for millions suffering from protein-energy malnutrition. The high-protein corn can be easily applied to sweet corn, offering a solution for those relying on plant-based sources.
A Swedish research team has identified a protease that degrades the LHCII protein, which is responsible for the green color of leaves. This discovery sheds light on the plant's recycling process and how it prepares for winter.
Researchers identify FT protein as key player in inducing flower formation, revealing a complex mechanism involving molecular interactions and environmental cues. This breakthrough could lead to improved crop breeding and better control of flowering times.
Researchers have discovered a mechanism by which bean plants can prevent fluid loss when injured, using contractile protein bodies that change shape in response to calcium concentrations. Vetch aphids overcome this blockage by injecting saliva into the plant.
A study published in Neuron found that the abnormal HD protein selectively binds to and increases the level of p53 in cells, leading to increased cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction. This overactivation also causes behavioral abnormalities in mice engineered to have HD.
The BioCassava Plus project aims to develop cassava plants with increased levels of zinc, iron, protein and vitamins A and E, while reducing cyanide content and improving shelf life. The five-year grant will be used to increase the root's nutritional value and resistance to devastating plant viruses.
Researchers identify TIR1 as the protein that works with auxin to influence plant cell growth and division. This discovery sheds light on the long-standing mystery of auxin's role in plant development, with potential implications for understanding human biology.
The DOE JGI will make freely available 20 billion letters of genetic code through the Community Sequencing Program, targeting key areas like crop improvement, plant biology and renewable energy. This initiative aims to provide valuable insights into crops like sorghum, maize, millet, and sugarcane.
Symbiotic plant hemoglobins facilitate oxygen transport and energy metabolism in legume root nodules, allowing bacteria to fix atmospheric nitrogen. The proteins also maintain low-oxygen concentrations to protect the nitrogenase enzyme complex responsible for symbiotic nitrogen fixation.