Articles tagged with Potassium Channels
Researchers at Penn discovered that a bacterial toxin from Staphylococcus aureus can shut down the control mechanism of an ion channel in immune cell membranes, suppressing the immune response. This finding suggests that identifying inhibitors of the toxin may lead to new therapies for treating MRSA and other resistant infections.
Researchers at University at Buffalo found that Celebrex reduces heart rate and induces arrhythmia by inhibiting potassium channels, which are present in the heart, brain, and other tissues. The study suggests that the drug's mechanism of action may be relevant to its cardiovascular side effects.
Researchers studied voltage-gated potassium channels, revealing features that could lead to medical breakthroughs in synthetic drug design. In contrast, a study found that large lipid rafts are not observed in live cells due to protein obstacles.
A novel intracellular traffic coordinator, SNX27, regulates potassium channel activity in brain cells by pulling them away from their job, reducing excitability. This discovery could lead to new treatments for drug addictions.
Researchers have identified a specific amino acid in the potassium channel protein that blocks anaesthetic activation, paving the way for targeted anaesthetics with fewer side effects. This discovery could lead to improved understanding of how anaesthetics work and the development of new, more specific alternatives.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have discovered that zinc pyrithione, an active ingredient in dandruff shampoos, can calm overexcited nerve cells, potentially treating seizures. The compound works by allowing more potassium flow through defective channels, restoring normal nerve cell activity.
Researchers found that ion channels are physically bound to G proteins, allowing for precise targeting of electrical signals. This discovery could lead to the development of more efficient drugs for epilepsy and other nervous system diseases.
The Biophysical Society has announced the winners of its international travel grants to attend the 51st annual meeting in Baltimore, Maryland. The awards recognize outstanding biophysicists from countries experiencing financial difficulties and honor their scientific merit and proposed presentations at the meeting.
A novel proteomics study has shown that proteins regulating brain-cell activity behave like volume controls, allowing for incremental levels of activity. This 'homeostatic plasticity' enables neurons to adapt to changing environments.
Researchers at University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have found a new way to open ion channels in cell membranes by using an enzyme found in brown recluse spider venom. This discovery introduces a new paradigm for understanding the gating of ion channels and lays the groundwork for designing new drugs to control ion-channel act...
This article discusses various aspects of multiple sclerosis (MS) management in veterans, including the use of medical informatics, healthcare information systems, and patient education. The study highlights the importance of effective care models, registry development, and provider education to improve outcomes for MS patients.
Scientists create new voltage-sensitive dyes that allow them to image the electrical activity of cells deep within the heart. These dyes provide a more complete picture of normal and abnormal heart rhythms, shedding light on the causes of arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.
Scientists from the Max Planck Institute determined how toxins interact with bacterial potassium channels at an atomic level. They found that toxins attach to a particular area of the channel, changing its structure, and recognize specific amino acid sequences in the ion channel.
A team of researchers has identified a potassium channel, Kv4.2, that plays a crucial role in pain plasticity and may be a primary target for new pain therapies. The study suggests that increasing the activity of this channel or decreasing the activity of related ERK molecule could lead to analgesic effects.
The study reveals that ion channels collaborate through a third protein called ankyrin-G to control electrical signals in the brain. This mechanism is present in all vertebrates but lacking in invertebrates, suggesting its importance for higher brain abilities.
Researchers identify KCNC3 mutations as causative factors in neurodegenerative diseases, providing a new perspective on the role of potassium channels in human neurodegeneration. The study's findings have significant implications for the development of therapeutic targets and treatment strategies for brain disorders.
Researchers found KCNC3 gene mutations in two families, one with adult-onset ataxia and the other with childhood-onset ataxia and mild mental retardation. These findings suggest that potassium channel abnormalities may contribute to a wide variety of neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers at Jefferson Medical College provide evidence for the conventional theory of voltage-gated ion channel operation. They used a molecular tape measure with high resolution to show that the field through which the voltage sensor's charges moved is very short, lending support to the conventional model.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have identified a DNA polymorphism that interferes with the binding of antiarrhythmic drugs to a specific ion channel in the heart. This structural change allows for variable drug access to its target site, leading to increased drug resistance in some individuals.
Research suggests that saturated and trans fats activate a specific potassium channel in the pancreas, increasing blood sugar levels and insulin secretion. People with a specific genetic polymorphism, found in about 2 million Canadians, may be more susceptible to type 2 diabetes if they consume high-fat diets or are overweight.
A study found that a chemical hibernation trigger may help protect skeletal muscles from damage caused by lack of oxygen. The researchers discovered that the plasma from hibernating woodchucks improved muscle activity after a period of hypoxia and reoxygenation.
Researchers found that palmitate, a saturated fatty acid, can attach to proteins regulating bioelectricity in cells. This attachment affects the transmission of electrical impulses in nerve and heart cells, with potential health implications.
Researchers have discovered a new process called sumoylation that regulates key ion channels, including the background potassium channel. This process allows cells to control the flow of ions, which is essential for various cellular activities such as nerve impulses and muscle contractions.
Turtles have a natural mechanism to shut off energy-utilizing activities during anoxia, unlike humans. The discovery reveals potential targets for improving outcomes of cerebral stroke and cardiac infarct, as well as developing better anesthetics.
Researchers at UC Berkeley have created a device that allows brain cells to respond to light, enabling the potential treatment of retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration. The breakthrough involves genetically engineering nerve cells to be sensitive to light using ion channels made light-sensitive.
Researchers are exploring innovative treatments for atrial fibrillation, including radio frequency ablation and gene transfer techniques. These methods aim to regulate the heart's irregular rhythm without the dangerous side effects of current medications.
A gain-of-function mutation in the KCNMB1 potassium channel subunit is associated with a lower prevalence of diastolic hypertension. The beta1 subunit of the Ca2+-sensitive K+ channel protects against hypertension, as outlined in an accompanying commentary.
Researchers discovered that a single gene and brain protein are responsible for alcohol's intoxicating effects, leading to neural depression and uncoordinated movement. The finding suggests that targeting this channel could lead to new treatments for alcohol addiction.
Researchers found that T-type calcium channels are essential for normal nitric oxide-controlled relaxation, and their loss leads to constricted coronary arteries. The study provides insight into the role of this channel in coronary artery relaxation and may lead to new therapeutic targets.
Max Planck researchers found that reducing SK3 channel production in the hippocampus of aged mice prevented learning and memory deficits. The study provides new insight into the mechanisms of age-related cognitive decline and suggests a potential therapeutic approach.
Researchers have discovered the structure of voltage-dependent ion channels, crucial for nerve function and muscle contraction. The study reveals a novel mechanism that enables ions to flow through these channels, allowing for precise regulation of electrical impulses in the brain and heart.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have discovered the molecular mechanism by which potassium ions flow through living cells during a nerve or muscle impulse. The structure reveals four red-tipped paddles that open and close in response to positive and negative charges.
Researchers have discovered a way to control 'badly' behaving neurons in Parkinson's disease, potentially easing symptoms and progression. By blocking potassium channels or eliminating the subunit using gene therapy, high-frequency spiking can be stopped, preserving normal neuronal activity.
A Johns Hopkins-led research team identified a control valve within heart cells that can be switched on to help the organ survive injury during a heart attack. The discovery could lead to new therapies for heart disease.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have successfully created a biologic pacemaker using gene therapy in guinea pigs. The new pacemaker allows heart cells to regulate their own rhythm, potentially providing an alternative to traditional electronic pacemakers for patients at high risk of infection or with limited space for implantation.
CWRU scientists discover that applying magnesium to calcium-activated potassium channels reduces blood pressure by causing blood vessels to dilate. This research may help explain why magnesium supplements are effective in managing hypertension.
Researchers have identified a mechanism to increase drug delivery to brain tumors by manipulating calcium-dependent potassium channels. The study found that activating these channels can increase the permeability of the blood-brain tumor barrier, allowing cancer-killing medications to reach the tumor more effectively.
A team of NYU biologists developed a new method to silence neurons by controlling electrical activity, revealing the central role of electrical activity in governing circadian rhythms. The breakthrough may lead to more effective treatments for diseases caused by aberrant electrical activity.
Rockefeller University scientists have solved the three-dimensional structure of a type of chloride channel called ClC, providing new insights into its mechanism and selectivity features. The research findings are crucial for developing drugs to target ion channel impairments linked to heritable diseases such as cystic fibrosis.
Researchers have confirmed that ancient prokaryotic potassium channels may be the precursor to modern mammalian potassium channels. The study, published in Nature, challenges the long-held assumption that these channels are similar across eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
Researchers have visualized the atomic-scale structure of a selectivity filter in ion channels, revealing precise biochemical conditions for ion travel. This discovery may help understand genetic and biochemical abnormalities affecting ion channel proteins, such as long QT syndrome and cystic fibrosis.
Researchers have solved the crystal structure of the cytoplasmic-facing portion of voltage-dependent potassium channels, controlling potassium flow out of cells. The findings shed light on the attachment mechanism of a key protein subunit to the channel's complex structure.
Scientists at Max Planck Institute discover novel potassium current activated by calcium, shaping neural signal frequency. SK channels play a crucial role in neuronal adaptation, influencing brain function and learning. The study resolves a long-standing controversy between electrophysiology and apamin-binding studies.
The companies identified a family of proteins called Potassium Channel Interacting Proteins (KChIPs) that regulate A-type potassium channels, which control brain electrical signals. These KChIPs may lead to the development of new therapeutics for CNS disorders with minimal side effects.
Neurobiologists identified an alcohol-sensitive potassium channel that enhances neurotransmitter action, producing profound physiological effects in the central nervous system. The discovery has significant implications for understanding alcohol addiction and may influence neuron communication.
Researchers used mathematical analysis to determine how potassium ions move through cell membranes. They found that a pool of approximately 50 water molecules and four protein spirals create an environment similar to the inside or outside of the cell, allowing for quick potassium flow.
Cornell University researchers discovered how chronic stress intensifies the adrenaline response by controlling the structure of donut-shaped protein channels on adrenal cells. This 'molecular memory' can be influenced by lifestyle factors, paving the way for gene therapy and potential treatments for hypertension and heart attacks.
Researchers found that potassium ions play a critical role in triggering programmed cell death or apoptosis in nerve cells. By blocking potassium channels, they may be able to prevent nerve cell death and reduce brain damage in patients with stroke, spinal cord injuries, or neurodegenerative disorders.
Researchers at Oregon Health Sciences University identify a new family of molecules regulating attention and cognitive functions. The SK channels play a prominent role in controlling cell firing and are expressed abundantly in brain regions responsible for cognition.